SMR Palliative Care Forum The Intersection: Chronic disease and Palliative Care. Chronic Heart Failure

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1 SMR Palliative Care Forum The Intersection: Chronic disease and Palliative Care. Chronic Heart Failure Bruce Jackson Physician (General Medicine, Nephrology, Cardiology) Inpatient ward service in General Medicine, and Palliative Care Medical Lead, Chronic Diseases service. Assoc Prof of Medicine (Monash University) Clinical Dean (Casey Hospital) Margaret Ryan Nurse practitioner Chronic Disease Service (Complex Care)

2 SMR Palliative Care Forum The Intersection: Chronic disease and Palliative Care. Chronic Heart Failure The Chronic Heart Failure Service at Monash Health Evolved from the Hospital Admissions Risk Management Program (HARP) Comprises multidisciplinary team that supports inpatient and outpatient management of CCF Physicians/Cardiologists Nurse practitioners Specialist nurses Pharmacist Clinical Psychologist/Psychiatrist Physiotherapist/Exercise physiologist Admin support.

3 MONASH HEALTH Inpatient Auditor generals statewide review of HEART FAILURE Across all three acute campuses of Monash Health, over 3 years, compared with all Vic Hospitals Relative Stay Index(RSI) Heart Failure 0.81

4 The Journey of People with Heart Failure: Using Data to understand the Continuum : Monash Health Data obtained from ICD10 coding systems (2014/15 financial year) 1/ Codes Heart Failure as a primary diagnosis 2/ Audit of patient files over their journey 3/ Focus Groups Authors Debra Gascard : Chronic Diseases program Nurse Practitioner Julie White : Chronic Diseases program Manager

5 Age and Gender Distribution of People with CHF Primary Diagnosis

6 Number of Hospital Presentations per Patient with a Primary Diagnosis of Heart Failure Number of Admissions Total patients Total Admissions Grand Total 1,057 1,389

7 Comorbidities Count of Inpatient Episode Id Diag Group Total Number per patient Other 2,622 Heart failure 1,389 Diabetes 1,322 Chronic kidney disease stage 2,3,4,5 504 Personal history of tobacco use disorder 393 Hypertension 364 Acute Kidney failure 349 Infection 341 Long Term insulin 228 Health service area 226 Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter 199 COPD 134 Respiratory failure 109 Urinary symptoms 109 Hyperkalaemia 94 Anaemia 94 Hypokalaemia 91 Iron deficiency 88 Constipation 86 AMI 82 Hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia 79 Anticoagulants causing adverse effects 77 Mental and behavioural disorder due to substance abuse 71 History of noncompliance with medical treatment and regimen 68 Ulcer 67 Angina 45 Pressure area 38 Pain 30 Palliative care 29 Grand Total 9,328

8 Admission Speciality Discharge Specialty Description Casey Dandenong Clayton Grand Total General Medicine Emergency Cardiology

9 Subsequent Admissions ranked top 14

10 Evaluation and Management of Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Decompensation is most commonly due to Failed compliance non-pharmacological Salt and water Failed compliance pharmacological Diuretics Cardio active drugs Antihypertensives Aggravating non cardiac factors NSAIDs Infections Other drugs alcohol

11 Evaluation and Management of Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Decompensation is much less commonly due to further cardiac events, however they need to be excluded Ischemia/infarct Arrhythmia Electrolyte disturbances Pulmonary emboli..

12 Readmission rates (Crude) 332/1057 readmissions (all causes) 31% Of these only 112 from heart failure i.e. Heart failure readmission rate 112/ % This compares well with published benchmarks of 15-30% readmission rate

13 Outcome of acute admissions Discharge to home 67% Discharge to Rehab 19% Discharge to residential care 7% Inpatient Death 4%

14 Palliative care admissions Admissions to palliative care (Casey) 403 admissions (2013) 13 with CCF as main diagnosis (3.2%) 29 of 1386 CCF admissions were to a palliative care unit of Monash Heath for end of life care/symptom management ie 2.1% of CCF admissions

15 End of life scenarios After Eu J Heart Failure: April 2009

16 Nurse Practitioners Nurse led community Management Regular follow up/early detection of deterioration Continued adjustment of therapy (protocol driven) Promotion and support of self-management Education(pharmacologic, non pharmacologic, exercise, nutrition) Liaison with other health carers (cardiologist/gp/others including palliative care services) Support for patient and carers Advanced care planning.

17 audit results

18

19 Prognostic tools in CCF Boyd and Murray (2010) App I Pal CCF Tool Disease related indicators e.g NYHA stage III/IV Symptoms Renal impairment Cachexia Three triggers approach The surprise question General decline Specific clinical indicators (NYHA IV) admissions

20 Prognostic tools in CCF In general these tools are good for population predictions but of limited utility in the individual.

21 Questions Questions to consider 1/in view of poor prognostication capacity when should palliative care services become involved? 2/Should Palliative Care be an integral part of the CCF multidisciplinary team(i.e. up skill the staff, expand the staff) or a separate skill silo (where?) 3/How can liaison between service providers in the community be improved?

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