Human Services Strategic Plan

Transcription

1 Human Services Strategic Plan City of Tacoma 2014 Environmental Scan Human Services Commission and Community Review Panel May 8 and 9, 2014

2 Purpose Present the results of the environmental scan and mapping process conducted in March and April. Discuss and deliberate the findings and opportunities identified in the scan. Develop a long term community vision for human services. Prioritize the identified opportunities. Provide recommendations and direction for updating the Human Services Strategic Plan. 2

3 Background Conducted an environmental scan of the community that included: demographic information economic conditions educational attainment employment characteristics issue related characteristics aligned with the City s Human Services Priorities The scan included 21 key informant interviews, 9 consumer focus groups, 3 small group interviews and analysis of 45 state, county, and local data sources. 3

4 Background Conducted GIS mapping of local conditions and the human services system using U.S. Census American Community Survey data ( five year estimates) and United Way 211 data, including: Location/distribution of programs offering services to Tacoma residents Number and location of clients served by city-funded programs Location of programs currently funded Access to Opportunity Cost-burdened renter households Geography of race Language barriers 4

5 Demographics Nearly 33% of Tacoma residents are multiracial or a race other than white alone. Race and Ethnicity 1.8% 1.2% 1.4% 8.2% 11.2% 11.3% 64.9% White Hispanic or Latino Black Asian Native American/Alaskan Native Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander More than one race or ethnicity Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 5

6 Demographics A language other than English is spoken in 19% of Tacoma homes, which is the same as the state average. Age demographics 65.4% Adults (18-64) 11.4% Seniors (65 and over) 23.2% Children Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 6

7 GIS Maps of Local Conditions 7

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11 What is the Opportunity Index? An approach based on two premises: People should have fair access to the critical opportunity structures and social infrastructure to succeed in life. Connecting people to opportunity creates positive, transformative change in communities Opportunity is defined as: a situation or condition that places individuals in a position to be more likely to succeed and excel. Source: Equity, Opportunity, and Sustainability in the Central Puget Sound Region - Puget Sound Regional Council 11

12 Access to Opportunity Maps High opportunity indicators include: high-performing schools, availability of sustainable employment, stable neighborhoods, transportation availability and mobility, health, and a safe environment Opportunity maps show whether patterns of segregation by age, class, gender, race, ethnicity, disability, or language correlate with areas of higher or lower opportunity. Source: Equity, Opportunity, and Sustainability in the Central Puget Sound Region - Puget Sound Regional Council 12

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18 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success $100,000 $90,000 $80,000 $70,000 $60,000 Educational attainment drives economic success. Average Earnings by Educational Attainment $50,000 $40,000 $30,000 Male Female $20,000 $10,000 $0 < 9th Grade 9th-12th/No degree HS degree Some college/no degree AA BA/BS Total Workers Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 18

19 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success By 2018 two-thirds of all jobs in Washington will require a degree or technical certification. By contrast, in 2010: 4 out of 10 Tacoma high school students didn t graduate. 34% of third grade students could not read at or above their grade level. 62% of eight grade students did not pass algebra. 52% of students entering kindergarten did not meet age-level expectations in six areas. 41% of Tacoma Public Schools graduates did not enroll in postsecondary education. Source: Graduate Tacoma! Annual Community Impact Report 19

20 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success Good news: graduation and dropout rates have trended toward improvement. Tacoma School District Graduation and Cohort Dropout Rates On Time Graduation Dropout Rate 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Source: Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction 20

21 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success But, young people of color drop out of high school at a disproportionate rate. Native American 18.6% Cohort Dropout Rate African American 19.8% Cohort Dropout Rate Asian 13.5% Cohort Dropout Rate Asian Pacific Islander 14.2% Cohort Dropout Rate White 15.6% Cohort Dropout Rate Undocumented youth who intend to go to college often do not know they are ineligible for financial aid until they apply. Source: Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction 21

22 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success More good news: Gang-affiliated offenses have dropped by 61% over a five year period. The number of gang members/associates dropped in the same five-year time period by 41%. Teen pregnancy rates have dropped to 10% per 1000 young women years of age. Sources: City of Tacoma Gang Reduction Project Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department 22

23 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success The First Five FUNdamentals Early Learning Consortium has had success in helping parents and caregivers provide quality environments for children: 487 families participated in Promoting First Relationships. 21,800 parents and caregivers participated in Play to Learn. 980 child care staff received training resulting in better care for 8,900 pre-kindergarten kids. In 2010 Tacoma was named one of the nation s 100 Best Communities for Young People by America s Promise Alliance and ING. Source: United Way of Pierce County 23

24 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success Not so good news: Poverty is on the rise. District Poverty Higher Than State Tacoma 64% State 46% Source: Graduate Tacoma! 2012 Community Impact Report 24

25 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success The number of Tacoma students who qualify for a free or reduced cost lunch has increased by 16%. Poverty on the rise 48% Poverty Level 2002 Poverty Level % Source: Graduate Tacoma! 2012 Community Impact Report 25

26 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success 1600 Homelessness among Tacoma s youth is increasing. # of Homeless Students Source: Tacoma School District, McKinney-Vento Data 26

27 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success Approximately 3,000 unaccompanied youth and young adults experience or are at significant risk of homelessness in Pierce County each year 1,000 are under the age of % (or 33,663) children in Pierce County under the age of 18 live below the Federal Poverty Level. Parts of Tacoma have the highest risk scores for Maternal and Child Health. Of 57 geographic regions in Washington: Hilltop and North Tacoma have the highest risk scores in the state and highest % of African American babies born in 2008 South Tacoma has the second highest risk score and highest % of Pacific Islander babies born in East Tacoma has the sixth highest risk score. Source: Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department,

28 Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success Review of community risk factors and data on female runaways and girls who have had contact with the juvenile justice system suggest that Tacoma may have a significant problem with the issue of commercially sexually exploited children. Sources: Project Respect, Center for Children and Youth Justice, March 2013 and Washington Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) Community Risk Factors Data 28

29 City Investment in this Priority 40% of Human Services funds were targeted to Preparing Youth for Success. Youth Development At-Risk Youth Gang Prevention and Intervention Major initiatives sponsored by the city: First 5 FUNdamentals Graduate Tacoma! Curfew Truancy Initiative Hope Initiative Tacoma Gang Reduction project Collaboration to End Sexual Exploitation of Children Youth and Young Adult Emergency Drop-In Shelter 29

30 Unmet Needs Emergency shelter and emergency/crisis services for unaccompanied youth Comprehensive approach to the problem of commercially sexually exploited children More opportunities for youth to safely congregate/play After school programs Employment opportunities Vocational skill development and experiential learning Parenting support Early childhood development and education Access to transportation Increased education success Better linkages between existing programs 30

31 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults The unemployment rate in Pierce County is dropping but has not reached pre-recession levels. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 31

32 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults Economic recovery and job growth have been slow since the 2008 recession. More jobs are expected to be created in service sector, sales and retail, which are typically lower paying. Pierce County has been at or near the top of the list of counties in the state for foreclosure activity. Income growth has been restrained by sluggish job growth and elevated food and energy prices. Source: Washington State Employment Security Department Labor Market and Economic Analysis Division 32

33 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults The median household income for Pierce County has improved and is now about the same as the state, but the City of Tacoma lags: Tacoma: $50,439 Pierce County: $59,105 Washington State: $59,374 The income gap for racial/ethnic minorities continues to grow. Per Capita income of African Americans: 36% lower than that of white residents Per Capita income of Latinos: 47% lower than that of white residents Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 33

34 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults Housing is not affordable for many. About 50% of Pierce County renter households are paying more than 30% of their income toward housing costs, leaving little to pay for child care, transportation, and health care. These households are only a paycheck or one medical emergency away from losing their housing. Many rely on family, friends, housing subsidies and other benefits to survive. Source: National Low Income Housing Coalition 34

35 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults Wages/Earnings Housing Cost % of Wages Rental/ Mortgage Healthcare Support Worker: $3,325/month $1,369 41% $232,900 Customer Service Rep: $3,032/month $1,026 33% $171,000 Construction Trades: $2,828/month $836 29% 2-bedroom apartment Child Care Worker: $1,837/month $735 40% 1-bedroom apartment Minimum wage $8.55/hour: $1,482/month $735 49% 1-bedroom apartment SSI Disability 2014 rate: $721/month $ % 1-bedroom apartment TANF WA average payment: $371/month $ % 1-bedroom apartment Sources: State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates Washington Center for Real Estate Research, Home Prices and Average Rents, Fall

36 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults Child care is expensive and quality care is out of reach for many. Cultural and linguistic barriers are present in many households. 19% of Tacoma residents primary language is other than English. 33% of Tacoma residents are multiracial or of a race or ethnicity other than white alone. Bilingual services are not readily available. Latino/Hispanic residents are vulnerable to labor exploitation based upon immigration status. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 36

37 Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults 13% of Tacoma residents age have disabilities that make it difficult to perform daily activities. 11% of Tacoma residents are seniors, with this number expected to grow to 18% by % of people 65 and older have disabilities. Caregivers and surviving partners face many challenges financial, housing maintenance, food, transportation, health. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 American Community Survey 37

38 City Investment in this Priority 10% of Human Services Funds were targeted to Increase Employability and Self-Sufficiency for Adults. Major initiatives sponsored by the City: 12 programs aimed at enhancing employment and self sufficiency Youth Building Tacoma Summer Jobs

39 Unmet Needs Job search/employment networking support and opportunities Effective job placement services for residents with multiple barriers to employment Innovative/creative ways of skilling up the workforce Stronger connections with local businesses Jobs/employment opportunities in living wage occupations Access to affordable, quality childcare Increased access to transportation Affordable housing 39

40 Priority 3: Meet Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents Homelessness in Tacoma has declined dramatically. 2011: 2,068 individuals 2014: 1,474 individuals Emergency: 656 individuals Transitional: 525 individuals Unsheltered: 293 individuals The number of chronic homeless has shown a modest decrease. 2013: 131 individuals 2014: 123 individuals City of Tacoma continues to prioritize the elimination of homeless encampments through: identification, clean-up and monitoring. Over 200 encampments cleaned within the City of Tacoma since Source: Access Point 4 Housing Point in Time Counts & Annual City 40 of Tacoma Encampment Mapping

41 Priority 3: Meet Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents City continues to prioritize funding for housing programs to serve individuals experiencing homelessness, including: housing for families, individuals, youth, veterans and DV survivors. the City is actively involved with systems innovation work, including: tailored services, strengths based services, trauma informed care and organizational cultural competency Funding two agencies that provide Housing First services to Tacoma s most chronically homeless individuals 41

42 Priority 3: Meet the Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents Tacoma has the highest domestic violence rate in the state Year Avg. Domestic Violence Rate Incidents per thousand people Tacoma Pierce County State Source: Washington Department of Social and Health Services 42

43 Priority 3: Meet the Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents Tacoma area providers have reported that 15% of their domestic violence clients are less than 19 years old and 31% are between 18 and 25 years old. They also report that more than half of their clients are undocumented or have Limited English Proficiency. Domestic violence clients have multiple needs and most providers do not offer a full range of wrap-around services. Source: City of Tacoma Domestic Violence Needs and Gaps Assessment, October

44 Priority 3: Meet Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents Total visits to food banks/meal sites by residents of Tacoma increased by 69% from 2008 to During the school year, 63% of students in Tacoma Public Schools were receiving free or reduced rate lunches and 21% were receiving free or reduced rate breakfasts. Eligibility numbers are likely higher as students in the upper grades drop their enrollment in this program because of stigma. Sources: Tacoma Emergency Food Network Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, State of Washington 44

45 City Investment in this Priority 50% of Human Services Funds were targeted to Meet the Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents. Housing Stabilization Access to Basic Services Domestic and Intimate Partner Violence Major initiatives sponsored by the City: System innovation work with the local Continuum of Care to address homelessness in Tacoma/Lakewood/Pierce County Systems development work in domestic violence 45

46 Unmet Needs Homelessness prevention Lack of available affordable housing for large families, elderly, and Limited English Proficiency communities Lack of evenly distributed affordable housing around the community Emergency, transitional, and permanent housing for victims of domestic violence Mental health counseling and treatment for victims of domestic violence Adequate resources/supports to address hunger Information and referral at places where local income residents congregate 46

47 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Washington has one of the highest rates of mental illness in the country. Among adults 18 and older, the state ranks 5 th nationally, with a rate of 20.8 percent. Some populations in Tacoma are at high risk of having mental health and/or substance use issues and not having access to treatment services. individuals experiencing homelessness active duty military and veterans youth African Americans Sources: 2011 and 2012 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health; Community Health and Chemical Dependency Assessment City of Tacoma, December

48 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Nearly half of adults receiving services from DSHS have mental health needs Source: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division,

49 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services People with mental illness have more serious impairments in a variety of areas of daily functioning. Current employment Past year arrest No mental illness Mental illness with mild impairment Mental illness with moderate impairment Mental illness with serious impairment Fair or poor current health Past year emergency room visit Residential instability Source: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and Percent 49

50 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders results in greater functional impairment Current employment No mental illness or substance use disorder Any mental illness only Past year arrest Any substance use disorder only Co-occurring any mental illness and substance use disorder Fair or poor current health Past year emergency room visit Residential instability Source: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and Percent 50

51 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Untreated behavioral health issues are costly and life threatening. The mortality rate is double for those with mental illness, and people with mental illness die earlier than the general population. The rate of suicides in Washington has increased by 11 percent over the past 10 years. Having a mental health or substance use disorder increases the risk of suicide. Sources: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division, 2012 Washington Department of Health,

52 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services People with behavioral health issues have multiple needs and are involved in multiple systems. System Mental Health Need Substance Abuse Need Co-occurring MHSA Need Population Size Long term services and supports 85.0% 20.6% 19.6% 21,087 Persons with developmental disabilities With major chronic physical health problems Received Children s Administration Services Received Economic Services Administration Services Received Vocational Rehabilitation Services 57.6% 3.3% 2.8% 18, % 34.8% 31.7% 49, % 34.1% 23.1% 61, % 23.7% 15.9% 418, % 25.1% 21.3% 13,320 Source: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division,

53 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Behavioral health problems and homelessness are intertwined Compared to DSHS clients overall, children and adults experiencing homelessness were more likely to have a mental health disorder 50% increase for youth 23% increase for adults This population is also three times as likely to have a substance use disorder 53

54 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Drug and alcohol problems are more prevalent in the City of Tacoma Tacoma Pierce WA State Clients of state-funded alcohol or drug services (age 18+) per 1,000 adults Clients of state-funded alcohol or drug services (age 10-17) per 1,000 adolescents Arrests (age 18+) alcohol-related per 1,000 adults Arrests (age 18+) drug law violation per 1,000 adults Total arrests of adolescents (age 10-17) per 1,000 adolescents Arrests (age 10-17) drug law violation per 1,000 adolescents Source: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division,

55 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services In the last nine years heavy drinking among Tacoma adults remained relatively unchanged. In the last nine years binge drinking among Tacoma adults ranged from 13-17% Drug and Alcohol Use Among Tacoma Students, th grade 8 th grade 10 th grade 12 th grade 30-day alcohol use 4.2% 16.2% 29.6% 39.0% 30-day illegal drug use 2.4% 13.0% 24.1% 29.0% Source: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division 55

56 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Depression Among Tacoma Students, 2010 Felt depressed during the past 12 months Very or somewhat likely to seek help if feeling depressed/suicidal 8 th grade 10 th grade 12 th grade 29.6% 34.7% 31.5% 27.6% 32.4% 38.9% Considering Suicide Among Tacoma Students, 2010 Seriously considering suicide in the past 12 months 8 th grade 10 th grade 12 th grade 19.0% 18.9% 17.0% Source: DSHS Research and Data Analysis Division 56

57 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Some populations are especially vulnerable. More than half of the children and youth in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems have some type of reported mental health issue. Young adults in Tacoma ages18-24 are least likely to have health insurance compared to other age groups, which means they may not seek and obtain the treatment they need. Source: Community Health and Chemical Dependency Assessment City of Tacoma, December

58 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services A 2011 snapshot of individuals experiencing homelessness in Pierce County showed that of those individuals reported at unsheltered or experiencing chronic homelessness: 52% had mental health issues 30% had drug and alcohol problems 24% had co-occurring problems National data indicate that 38% of soldiers report psychological symptoms and among members of the National Guard, the figure rises to 49%. In a 2011 Pierce County homeless report, 40% of Pierce County residents experiencing homelessness were military veterans. Source: Community Health and Chemical Dependency Assessment City of Tacoma, December

59 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services 27% of Pierce County individuals experiencing homelessness are African American. This population is also at risk for mental illness due to: overrepresentation in the homeless population an increased rate for incarceration higher unemployment a higher percentage in the foster care and child welfare systems, and victims of serious violent crime. Source: Community Health and Chemical Dependency Assessment City of Tacoma, December

60 Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services There are other vulnerable populations for which there is limited data to determine the magnitude of MHSUD issues. However, national studies show: LGBTQ groups are two and a half times more likely to have a mental health disorder. Nearly two-thirds of people 12 or older with HIV/AIDS have used an illicit drug. Source: Community Health and Chemical Dependency Assessment City of Tacoma, December

61 City Investment in this Priority The 1/10 th of 1% sales tax to support mental health treatment, substance abuse disorders treatment, therapeutic courts, and housing for those receiving treatment services was allocated as follows: 50% Human Services Competitive Process to fund community-based care, prevention and early intervention for youth, and jail and hospital diversion 10% Direct Funding for jail and hospital diversion 40% Strategic RFP to improve MHCD system coordination and provide supportive services for homeless youth 61

62 Unmet Needs Fragmented service delivery system Lack of continuum of care approach and services that are available locally and sufficient to meet the needs of those with multiple issues Lack of coordinated efforts among services providers Inadequate discharge plans from treatment services Access to quality care and treatment Inpatient and residential resources for unaccompanied youth Intensive outpatient treatment for adults and youth with cooccurring disorders After hours services Outreach to non-service providers Easy access to low cost/no cost vouchers for mental health services 62

63 Unmet Needs Youth shelter and emergency/crisis services for unaccompanied youth Mental health professionals in schools Self care/self advocacy resources 63

64 Conclusions Tacoma is uniquely diverse, both racially/ethnically, socioeconomically, and politically Human Services has played a critical role in raising awareness of the need to ensure under-represented populations are represented in all city services and initiatives. The City has been highly strategic in the selection of priorities and investing in those priorities. The Human Services Strategic Plan has had a fairly tight focus, and this should be continued don t try to do too much. The four strategic priorities in the current plan were the correct areas of focus and should continue to be priorities in the next plan cycle. 64

65 Conclusions The City has made measurable progress in each area of strategic focus. However, some strategic initiatives lack adequate metrics to measure outcomes for residents and community impact. Overall, the City has demonstrated leadership and excelled at systems development. In most areas of focus the City has been highly effective in integrating and aligning programs and initiatives across the Human Services system well as leveraging all available assets. Some areas still need a stronger collaborative approach with community partners, the County and the State. 65

66 Conclusions City human services funding is opaque to most in the community how and where City resources are allocated is not well understood. The revised Human Services funding policies are a step in the right direction to ensure the City s contracting process is truly equitable. More work needs to be done to inject equity in the funding application process and in decisions about distribution of resources. The City needs to make sure it is serving the entire community, not just people who know how to navigate the human services system. 66

67 Conclusions The long-range strategic planning process needs to be supplemented with a regular and on-going engagement process for Tacoma residents. Planning should be more incremental and opportunities to test innovative ideas and expand them to scale should be built in. The targeted focus areas in the Human Services Strategic Plan need to align and/or integrate with larger systems planning efforts such as economic development that address regional issues and trends. 67

68 Opportunities Priority 1: Prepare Children and Youth for Success Place more emphasis on reducing youth violence. Place stronger emphasis on parent education. Expand after school programs. Increase the focus on early childhood development and learning. Leverage the City s role in Graduate Tacoma! to build more traction and momentum toward maximizing results. Preserve youth development while providing more focus on young adults. Build a systems approach to tackling the problem of commercially sexually exploited youth. 68

69 Opportunities Priority 2: Increase Employability and Self Sufficiency for Adults Focus resources on hard-to-place workers who lack recent/current labor market attachment. Partner with higher education and the business community to develop innovative/creative ways of skilling up the workforce. Build stronger partnerships with the businesses community to address workforce/employment needs. Increase access to affordable housing. Increase the availability of quality, affordable child care. 69

70 Opportunities Priority 3: Meet Basic Needs of Tacoma Residents Develop and implement homelessness prevention strategies. Identify and implement best practices for reducing the amount of time people are homeless. Serve higher barriered homeless families and individuals with intensive services and case management. Build strong linkages between Domestic Violence services and programs and the MHSUD system. Focus on youth homelessness. Provide for a youth shelter and emergency/crisis services for unaccompanied youth. 70

71 Opportunities Priority 4: Enhance Mental Health/Substance Use Disorder Services Build out the continuum of care and enhance integration of the service delivery system. Expand access to treatment. Evaluate and measure the impact of mental health and substance abuse programs, as well as associated costs (emergency systems, police, and fire departments). 71

72 Opportunities Leadership and Systems Development Fully integrate all aspects of Equity and Empowerment into strategic initiatives and the contracting process in order better engage and serve underrepresented populations. Expand/advance use of the Collective Impact model in the design of strategic initiatives. Increase collaboration with Pierce County and the State to work on tough regional problems/challenges. Expand relationships and partnering with community-based foundations. Partner with neighborhood residents to develop solutions. 63

73 Opportunities Access and Outreach Develop a seamless system of access to services. Conduct more community education on what the City funds and how it can help residents. Offer resource and referral in places where under-represented and under-served residents congregate. 73