Comorbidities in Teenagers Pathological and Problem Gambling in Romania National Study Viorel Lupu*, Izabela Ramona Lupu**

Transcription

1 Comorbidities in Teenagers Pathological and Problem Gambling in Romania National Study Viorel Lupu*, Izabela Ramona Lupu** *Assoc.Prof.MD.,Ph.D. Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj- Napoca, Romania, President of RASG **Ph.D.Psychologist Iuliu Hatieganu School Cluj-Napoca, CJRAE, Mental Health Center Hospital for Children, Romania, Vicepresident of RASG

2 Comorbidities No PURE disorder at all Co-morbidities may exacerbate, or be exacerbated by problem gambling or pathological gambling.

3 The prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders other studies 36 studies revisited: mood disorders (23%) social phobia (15%) alcohol use disorders (21%) generalized anxiety disorder (14%) anxiety disorders (18%) panic disorder (14%) nicotine dependence (56%) post-traumatic stress disorder (12%) ADHD (9%) cannabis use disorder (12%) alcohol abuse (18%) major depressive disorder (30%) alcohol dependence (15%) adjustment disorder (9%) bipolar disorder (9%) obsessive-compulsive disorder (8%) Dowling, N.A. et al. (2015). The prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders (DSM-IV Axis I disorders) among treatment-seeking problem gamblers. A systematic review and metaanalysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 49(6):

4 Romanian National Study - Method PARTICIPANTS: N = % male years mean age 15.04±2.33 years 21.2% rural area Frequency Percentage North-East South-East South South-West North-West Centre Bucharest Total At least once in a life time 32.6% In the last year 22.6% The age they first gambled 11 years

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6 Gender Male ASEBA ADHD symptoms Category according to 20 GA No Mean Std. Deviation Non-problem Problem gambling Pathological gambling Non-problem Female Problem gambling Pathological gambling Achenbach system of evidence based assessment Male: Clinical symptomatology > 11, Borderline 8-10 Female: Clinical symptomatology > 9, Borderline 8

7 Gender Male Female Category according to 20 GA HADS anxiety No Mean Std. Deviation Non-problem Problem gambling Pathological gambling Non-problem Problem gambling Pathological gambling Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Clinical symptomatology > 11, Borderline 8-10

8 Gender Male Female Category according to 20 GA HADS depression No Mean Std. Deviation Non-problem Problem gambling Pathological gambling Non-problem Problem gambling Pathological gambling Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Clinical symptomatology > 11, Borderline 8-10

9 Most empirical research on adolescent gambling in Europe has demonstrated a clear relationship between gambling behavior and substance abuse (Calado, Alexandre and Griffiths, 2016).

10 Substance abuse Category according to 20 GA No Yes Non-problem Smoking Problem gambling Pathological gambling Non-problem Drinking alcohol Problem gambling Pathological gambling 34 66

11 Substance abuse Category according to 20 GA No Yes Non-problem Drugs Problem gambling Pathological gambling Non-problem Illegal drugs Problem gambling Pathological gambling

12 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Smoking Between Groups Within Groups Total Drinking alcohol Between Groups Within Groups Total Illegal drugs Between Groups Within Groups Total Drugs Between Groups Within Groups Total

13 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. ADHD Between Groups Within Groups Total Anxiety Between Groups Within Groups Total Depression Between Groups Within Groups Total

14 Conclusions Only female pathological gamblers meet criteria for ADHD at a clinical level. Male pathological gamblers and female problem and pathological gamblers meet criteria for subclinical anxiety. No participant meet criteria for depression. More then a half of pathological gamblers smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol and consume the so called legal drugs, and more then a half of problem gamblers drink alcohol. There are significant differences between groups (non gamblers, problem and pathological gamblers) in what regards all comorbidities unless ADHD.

15 Limits and future directions Instruments self reported. Participants only students. Explanatory models of gambling behaviour which could consider the moderator or mediator effect of comorbidities. Setting protocols for treatment of problem or pathological gambling taking into account comorbidities as well.

16 Thank you!