INDEX. Note: Page numbers of issue and article titles are in boldface type. cell carcinoma. ENDOCRINE SURGERY

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1 ENDOCRINE SURGERY INDEX Note: Page numbers of issue and article titles are in boldface type. Adenylate cyclase, in signal transduction Adrenal incidentalomas, imaging of, in patients with history of malignancy, laboratory evaluation of, management of, Adrenalectomy, laparoscopic, for adrenal incidentalomas, 508 Affective disorders, in primary hyperparathyroidism, AGES scoring system, 'in papillary cancer, 453 Aluminum bone disease, vs. secondary hyperparathyroidism, 472 AMES scoring system, in papillary cancer, 453 Angiography, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 489, 491 Bisphosphonates, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 475 Bone density, in primary hyperparathyroidism, Bone pain, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, Cancer, medullary thyroid. See Medullary papillary. See Papillary cancer. Carcinoma, follicular cell. See Follicular cell carcinoma. Htirthle cell. See Hurthle cell carcinoma. Catheterization, selective venous, to localize medullary thyroid cancer, 412 Chemotherapy, for hypercalcitoninemia, after thyroidectomy, for medullary thyroid cancer, 411 Chest radiographs, of substernal goiters, 384 C-myc oncogene, in thyroid cancer, 432 Computed tomography, of adrenal incidentalomas, 499, of substernal goiters, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 487 Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 475 Cytomel, for papillary cancer, 460 Dexamethasone suppression test, for adrenal incidentalomas, Dialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 475 Dietary phosphate restriction, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 474 DNA ploidy, of follicular cell carcinoma, of medullary thyroid cancer, 408 of papillary cancer, 454 Emotional complaints, in primary hyperparathyroidism, -444 Endocrine surgery, for adrenal incidentalomas. See Adrenal incidentalomas. for follicular cell carcinoma. See Follicular cell carcinoma. for Htirthle cell carcinoma. See Hurthle cell carcinoma. for hyperparathyroidism. See Hyperparathyroidism. 539

2 540 INDEX Endocrine surgery (Continued) for medullary See Medullary for papillary cancer. See Papillary cancer. for substernal goiters. See Substernal goiters. for thyroid neoplasia. See Thyroid neoplasia. for thyroid nodules. See Thyroid nodules. for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. See Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. oncogenes in. See Oncogenes. palliative, for unresectable neoplasia, for palliation of symptoms, to prolong survival, signal transduction pathways in. See Signal transduction pathways. thyroid growth factors in. See Thyroid growth factors. tumor suppressor genes in, Epidermal growth factor, in signal transduction 427 in substernal goiters, 378 in thyroid cell function, 422 erb-b oncogene, in thyroid cancer, 432 Fine-needle aspiration cytology, of adrenal incidentalomas, 502 of substernal goiters, of thyroid nodules. See Thyroid nodules. to localize hyperparathyroidism, 488 FlUOroscopy, of substernal goiters, 384 Follicular cell carcinoma, clinicopathologic features of, diagnosis of, surgery for, postoperative care for, 401 prognostic indicators in, FRTL-5 cells, in thyroid cancer, 430 Gamma camera, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 491 Gastrinoma. See Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Goiters, substernal. See Substernal goiters. Graves' disease, papillary cancer with, 451 Growth factors, thyroid. See Thyroid growth factors. gsp oncogene, in thyroid cancer, H 2-receptor antagonists, for Zollinger Ellison syndrome, 521 Hiirthle cell carcinoma, clinicopathologic features of, 398 diagnosis of, 397 ras oncogene activation in, 430 surgery for, postoperative care for, 401 prognostic indicators in, Hypercalcemia, in primary hyperparathyroidism, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, 473 Hypercalcitoninemia, after thyroidectomy, for medullary See Medullary Hyperparathyroidism, localization studies in, angiography and venous sampling, 489,491 computed tomography, 487 fine-needle aspiration, 488 in reoperative cases, 495 intraoperative, indications for, 492 magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine scans, preoperative, for unilateral exploration, ultrasonography, 484 primary, affective disorders in, emotional complaints in, -444 hypercalcemia in, hypertension in, neuromuscular syndromes in, 442- osteoporosis in, renal function in, 440 serum calcium levels in, 440 secondary, clinical features of, historical aspects of, pathophysiology of, treatment of, medical, surgical, indications for, techniques for, Hypertension, in primary hyperparathyroidism, Hypocalcemia, after thyroidectomy, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 480 Insulin-like growth factor, in thyroid cell function, 422 Hodgkin's disease, radiation therapy for, and thyroid neoplasia, Laparoscopic adrenalectomy, for adrenal incidentalomas, 508 Levothyroxine, for papillary cancer, 460

3 INDEX 541 for thyroid nodules, 361 Localization studies, for ectopic superior thyroid glands, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, 480 for hyperparathyroidism. See Hyperparathyroidism. for medullary See Medullary Lymph node dissection, for papillary cancer, 459 Magnetic resonance imaging, of adrenal incidentalomas, to localize hyperparathyroidism, McCune-Albright syndrome, gsp oncogene in, 431 Medullary thyroid cancer, clinical features of, genetic tests for, occult, localization of, nuclear medicine scans in, selective venous catheterization in, 412 preventive surgery for, prognostic indicators in, recurrent or persistent, surgery for, thyroidectomy for, hypercalcitoninemia after, 410 chemotherapy for, 411 radiation therapy for, Multiple endocrine neoplasia, medullary thyroid cancer with. See Medullary ret/ptc oncogene in, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome with, , Neuromuscular syndromes, in primary hyperparathyroidism, 442- N-myc oncogene, in thyroid cancer, 432 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, radiation therapy for, and thyroid neoplasia, Nuclear medicine scans, and thyroid neoplasia, of substernal goiters, 385 to localize hyperparathyroidism, to localize medullary thyroid cancer, Octreotide, for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Omeprazole, for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 521 Oncogenes, in thyroid cancer, C-myc and N-myc oncogenes, 432 erb-b oncogene, 432 gsp oncogene, ras oncogene, 429 activation of, 430 with FRTL-5 cells, 430 ret/ptc oncogene, signal transduction pathways in, 428 thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, 431 trk oncogene, 432 Osteitis fibrosa cystica, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, Osteoporosis, in primary hyperparathyroidism, p53 tumor suppressor gene, in thyroid cancer, 433 Papillary cancer, biologic features of, 453 classification of, incidence of, prognosis for, radiation exposure and, 450 surgery for, controversy in, in low-risk patients, less than total thyroidectomy in, lymph node dissection in, 459 occult cancer with lymph node metastases, 459 postoperative care for, total thyroidectomy in, Parathyroidectomy, subtotal, vs. total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, Phospholipase C, in signal transduction Plain films, of substernal goiters, 384 Pruritus, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, , 476 Pulmonary function tests, of substernal goiters, 387 Radiation exposure, and papillary cancer, 450 and thyroid neoplasia. See Thyroid neoplasia. Radiation therapy, for hypercalcitoninemia, after thyroidectomy, for medullary thyroid cancer,

4 542 INDEX Radiation therapy (Continued) for papillary cancer, 457 ras oncogene, in See Oncogenes. Renal function, in primary hyperparathyroidism, 440 RET proto-oncogene, in medullary thyroid cancer, , 417 Retinoblastoma gene, in thyroid cancer, 433 ret/ptc oncogene, in thyroid cancer, laboratory evaluation of, 384 prognosis for, 391 pulmonary function studies of, 387 recurrence of, 391 treatment of, medical, 388 surgical, indications for, 388 intubation concerns in, postoperative complications of, 390 technique for, Superior thyroid glands, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, ectopic locations of, Secretin stimulation test, for Zollinger Ellison syndrome, Selective venous sampling, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 489, 491 to localize medullary thyroid cancer, 412 Serum calcium levels, in primary hyperparathyroidism, 440 Sestamibi scans, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 485 Signal transduction pathways, in thyroid cell function, activated by epidermal growth factor, 427 activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone, adenylate cyclase activity in, thyroid-stimulating hormoneadenylate cyclase pathway, 425 thyroid-stimulating hormonephospholipase C pathway, with oncogenes, 428 Skeletal deformities, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, 472 Skin diseases, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, Soft tissue calcification, in secondary hyperparathyroidism, Substernal goiters, anatomic distinction and types of, clinical features of, history, 382 physical findings, symptoms, development and growth of, differential diagnosis of, fine-needle aspiration cytology of, histologic features, weight, and malignancy rate of, imaging of, incidence of, 377 Thyroid cancer, medullary. See Medullary Thyroid growth factors, in thyroid cell function, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-ex, 422 insulin-like growth factor, 422 thyroid-stimulating hormone, transforming growth factor-(3, 423 Thyroid neoplasia, radiation exposure and, environmental, in medical treatment, for benign childhood diseases, for malignant disease, from nuclear medicine scans or treatment, risk factors for, other than radiation exposure, Thyroid nodules, cost-effective evaluation of, fine-needle aspiration cytology in, cytodiagnostic categories in, 359 reliability of, special concerns in, management of, Thyroidectomy, for medullary thyroid cancer. See Medullary for thyroid nodules, 361 less than total, for papillary cancer, total, for papillary cancer, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, in signal transduction pathways, in thyroid cell function. See Signal transduction pathways. in substernal goiters, 378 in thyroid cell function, Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, in thyroid cancer, 431 Transforming growth factor-ex, in thyroid cell function, 422

5 INDEX 543 Transforming growth factor-!3, in thyroid cell function, 423 trk oncogene, in thyroid cancer, 432 Tumor suppressor genes, in thyroid cell function, Ultrasonography, to localize hyperparathyroidism, 484, 491 Venous sampling, selective. See Selective venous sampling. Vitamin 0 supplementation, for secondary hyperparathyroidism, 474 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, diagnosis of, intraoperative localization studies of, preoperative localization studies of, 514- presentation of, 512 treatment of, medical, surgical, -516, in multiple endocrine neoplasia, indications for, -516

Calcitonin. 1

Calcitonin. 1 Calcitonin Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is characterized by a high concentration of serum calcitonin. Routine measurement of serum calcitonin concentration has been advocated for detection of MTC