+ Eating. Disorders. By: Rachel Jones & Anahi Rangel

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Sharon O’Connor’
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1 Eating Disorders By: Rachel Jones & Anahi Rangel

2 Quick Facts n In the United States, 20 million women and 10 million men suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder at some time in their life n By age 6, girls especially start to express concerns about their own weight or shape % of elementary school girls (ages 6-12) are concerned about their weight or about becoming too fat. n The prevalence of eating disorders is similar among Whites, Hispanics, African-Americans, and Asians in the United States, with the exception that anorexia nervosa is more common among Whites. n 35-57% of adolescent girls engage in crash dieting, fasting, self-induced vomiting, diet pills, or laxatives. Overweight girls are more likely than normal weight girls to engage in such extreme dieting.

3 Quick Facts n Even among clearly non-overweight girls, over 1/3 report dieting n The average American woman is 5 4 tall and weighs 165 pounds. The average Miss America winner is 5 7 and weighs 121 pounds. n Of American, elementary school girls who read magazines, 69% say that the pictures influence their concept of the ideal body shape. 47% say the pictures make them want to lose weight.

4 What are eating disorders? q An eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. q Eating disorders frequently appear during the teen years or young adulthood, may also develop during childhood or later in life. q Eating disorders affect both men and women

ANOREXIA NERVOSA Anorexia nervosa is characterized by: q Extreme thinness (emaciation) q A relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy weight q

5 ANOREXIA NERVOSA Anorexia nervosa is characterized by: q Extreme thinness (emaciation) q A relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy weight q Intense fear of gaining weight q Distorted body image, a selfesteem that is heavily influenced by perceptions of body weight and shape, or a denial of the seriousness of low body weight

Bulimia nervosa q characterized by frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food and feeling a lack of control q forced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting,

6 Bulimia nervosa q characterized by frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food and feeling a lack of control q forced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, excessive exercise, or a combination of these behaviors q usually maintain a healthy or normal weight, while some are slightly overweight. q often accompanied by feelings of disgust or shame. q The binge-eating and purging cycle happens anywhere from several times a week to many times a day.

7 n With binge-eating disorder a + person loses control over his or her eating. n Unlike bulimia nervosa, periods of binge-eating are not followed by purging, excessive exercise, or fasting. n people with binge-eating disorder often are over-weight or obese. n experience guilt, shame, and distress about their bingeeating, which can lead to more binge-eating.

Cause n Causes s are unknown n Most likely linked to n family history Substance abuse, eating disorders, mental disorders n certain personality traits Low self-confidence,

8 Cause n Causes s are unknown n Most likely linked to n family history Substance abuse, eating disorders, mental disorders n certain personality traits Low self-confidence, perfectionism, difficulty communicating negative emotions or dealing with conflict, a need to be in control, problems with identity n Social values Social pressure to be thin

9 Damage s n highest death rate of any mental illness n heart and bones suffer the most Abnormally slow heart rate, osteoporosis n damages occur before and person begins to look too skinny loss of menstruation Fainting, fatigue, and overall weakness Severe dehydration, which can result in kidney failure A N O R E X I A Muscle loss and weakness

10 Damages n damages to digestive tract which can lead to digestive disorders n esophagus damage n Gingivitis "It feels like I've been drinking Draino. n Osteoporosis n heart problems B U L I M I A n death

11 Damage s n damages are often the same as ones that occur from being obese BINGE EATING

Warning Signs n having intense fear of gaining weight n restrictive diet n low body weight n having a distorted body image n exercising too much n thin hair, dry skin, brittle nails, low body

12 Warning Signs n having intense fear of gaining weight n restrictive diet n low body weight n having a distorted body image n exercising too much n thin hair, dry skin, brittle nails, low body temperature n lanugo, a downy layer of hair all over the body n spend time cutting, rearranging food (to make it look like they've eaten) n hide food secretly n frequent excuses to avoid mealtimes or outings involving food

Warning n Signs repeatedly eating large amount of food in short period of time n secretive about eating n frequent weight changes n preoccupied with exercise n looks sick n tooth decay n

13 Warning n Signs repeatedly eating large amount of food in short period of time n secretive about eating n frequent weight changes n preoccupied with exercise n looks sick n tooth decay n dry or loose skin n thin, dull hair n Bloating n lack of energy n teeth marks on backs of hands or n knuckles n feels depressed, anxious, or guilty n binge drinks, abuses drugs or substances

14 Warning Signs n will neglect their job, school, social life to go binge eat n frequent eating in large amounts n eating fast and until full n fluctuation in weight n low-self esteem

15 Treatment n Early diagnosis and intervention may enhance recovery n Psychotherapy or counseling n Varies according to both the severity of the disorder and the patient s individual problems, needs, and strengths n Recommended care is provided by psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, nutritionists, and/or primary care physician.

16 Teacher Guidelines n No matter how strong your suspicion that a student may have an eating disorder, do not make a decision without first speaking privately with the student. n Let your student know your concerns about their health/ behavior; if the student discloses information about the problems, listen carefully, with empathy, and non-judgmentally. n Your responsibility is not diagnosis or therapy!

17 Teacher Guidelines Continued n If what the student discloses is compelling enough you should: Ø Tell them that you think they may have an eating disorder and that they need to be evaluated. Ø Inform the student their school activities will not be jeopardized, unless they are dangerously unhealthy. Ø Avoid an argument. Ø Be knowledgeable about community resources to which the student can be referred. Ø Faculty should arrange for some type of follow-up contact with the student.

18 Resources n UCLA Eating Disorder Program Phone: (310) Address: 760 Westwood Plazas Westwood, CA Hours: M-F 8am-5pm Description: Structured meals, intensive individual and group psychotherapy. Cost varies n Educator Toolkit n American Psychological Association

Eating Disorders. About more than Food Teena

Eating Disorders. About more than Food Teena Eating Disorders About more than Food Teena Eating Disorders: About More than Food What are eating disorders? The eating disorders anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder, and their