Nutrition and Military Rations in Operational Areas with an Emphasis on Food Content

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1 Review rticle Paramedical Sciences and Military Health Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016 Nutrition and Military Rations in Operational reas with an Emphasis on Food ontent Mohsen Pahlavannezhad1*, Ehsan Moradi2, Fateme Moradi3 1Department 2Department of Theology, Faculty of Religious Political Shahid Mahalati Sepah, Ghom, Iran of Genetic, Genetic Research enter, J Scholarship, Walfare and Rehabilitation University, Tehran, Iran 3Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan Medical University, Zanjan, Iran Introduction: ll human beings need the proper nutrition in order to maintain and improve their health as well as achieve optimal physical and mental health. Proper nutrition not only sponsor calories and nutrients that is needed by the body, but also increase or decrease an inappropriate weight. Moreover, it prevents a range of physical and mental disorders related to nutrition and promotes the ability of person. Providing a detailed food rations for the military, on one hand, would require a comprehensive review of the age, sex, anthropometric conditions, type of military activities, available facilities and on the other hand, the cooperation with all relevant sectors. Methods and Materials: This research is theoretical and analytical method that was performed in terms of content (ontent nalysis) and it should be noted that the accuracy of the material has been proved in several papers; in other words, they are not just a theory. Results: From a military standpoint, diet (Ration) is the amount of necessary food for a military person in one day. Operational rations is a general term used for diets in operational areas and war. For the operational rations, the selection of a specific diet or a meal for individuals or groups depends on the logistical and the tactical conditions, environmental conditions, food consumption, Type of mission, enemy status, area of operation, and the time conditions. Discussion and onclusion: To participate in different parts of biological warfare, one military should be healthy enough to have enough ability for management and combat. Physical ability of a military requires suppliers and factors to prevent his immune system from weakness. Factors such as harsh climatic conditions, poor health and nutrition, other environmental stress are those that may reduce the physical capability of a fighter. Keywords: Military rations, Operational area, Military, Meal *(orresponding author) Mohsen Pahlavannezhad, Department of Theology, Faculty of Religious Political Shahid Mahalati Sepah, Ghom, Iran. Tell: ehsanmoradi779@yahoo.com 56

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4 MRD MRD T RW T RLW LRP P B (MRDS) MRE GTW B ERH T

5 LRP1 RW1 MRE3 GTW MRE7 T B KL 139/14 148/15 156/16 14/13 145/17 100/11 537/56 502/50 440/55 570/52 403/51 440/50 138/22 161/36 131/29 157/33 121/32 160/ IU MG MG Mg * Mg KL 139/14 148/15 156/16 100/11 537/56 502/50 440/55 440/ /22 161/36 131/29 160/ IU MG MG Mg Mg

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8 References 1- water loss as a function of ventilatory or environmental Brouns F. Nutritional aspects of health and performance at lowland and altitude. Int J Sports Med. 1992;13: Butterfield GE, R. Sutton, G oates, J.E. Remmers. Elements of energy balance at altitude. in Hypoxia, the the management of obesity. nn Rev Nutr. 1987;7: daptations, J, eds. Philadelphia: B.. Decker, Inc. 1990; 11- Fulco S, ymerman, Pimental N, Young J, Maher p JT. nthropometric changes at high altitude. viat Space Butterfield GE, Gates JS, Fleming G, Brooks JR, Sutton Environ Med. 1985;56: JT. Increased energy intake minimizes weight loss in men at 4- factors. Respir Physiol. 1984;56: Fisler JS, Drenick EJ. Starvation and semistarvation diets in 12- Fulco S, Hoyt RW, Baker-Fulco J, Gonzalez J, high altitude. J ppl Physiol. 1992;72: ymerman. Use of bioelectrical impedance to assess alloway DH. Nitrogen balance of men with marginal intakes body composition changes at high altitude. J ppl Physiol. of protein and energy. J Nutr. 1975;105: ;72: living at 5, 800 m (19, 000 ft). J ppl Physiol. 1964;19: 949 and water balances of young adults during prolonged exposure to high altitude (4, 300 m). m J lin Nutr. 1968;21: Guilland J, Klepping J. Nutritional alterations at high Daws T, Isaac GJ. Effects of high-carbohydrate diets on 15- Hackett PH, Rennie D, Grover RF, Reeves JT. cute performance and clinical symptomatology after rapid ascent mountain sickness and the edema of high altitude: to high altitude. Fed Proc. 1969;28: common pathogenesis? Respir Physiol. 1981;46: altitude in man. Eur J ppl Physiol. 1985;54: Hannon JP, Sudman DM. Basal metabolic and cardiovascular 7Metabolic aspects of acute altitude exposure (4, 300 m) in function of women during altitude acclimatization. J ppl adequately nourished humans. m J lin Nutr. 1972;25: Physiol. 1973;34: Hannon, JP, Klain GJ, Sudman DM, Sullivan FJ. Nutritional Dramise JG, Inouye M, hristensen BM, Fults RD, anham aspects of high-altitude exposure in women. m J lin Nutr. JE, onsolazio F. Effects of a glucose meal on human pulmonary function at 1, 600 m and 4, 300 m altitudes. viat Space Environ Med. 1975; 46: ;29: by high-carbohydrate diet at altitude. J ppl Physiol. 1972;33:

K. R. Westerterp is in the Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.

K. R. Westerterp is in the Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. News Physiol Sci 16: 134-137, 2001; 1548-9213/01 $5.00 News in Physiological Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 3, 134-137, June 2001 2001 Int. Union Physiol. Sci./Am. Physiol. Soc. Energy and Water Balance at High