Author Index. Aiache, A.E. 12. Colon, G.A. 1, 35. Deluca, L Greenwald, D.P. 156 Greenwald, J.A. 144 Gittes, G.K. 144

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1 Author Index Aiache, A.E. 12 Colon, G.A. 1, 35 Deluca, L. 156 Greenwald, D.P. 156 Greenwald, J.A. 144 Gittes, G.K. 144 Habal, M.B. IX, 38 Huber, P.W. 141 Lineaweaver, W. 163 Longaker, M.T. 144 Luria, L.W. 124 Mehrara, B.J. 144 Parsons, R.W. 36, 122 Perry, A.W. 100 Tan, K.C., Tan B.K. 91 Wassermann, R.J. 156 Wilkinson, T.S. 62 Author Index 165

2 Subject Index (in preparation) Abdominoplasty, see French line abdominoplasty Anesthesia, calf implantation 17, 18, 23 Angiosome, extension of skin flaps 91, 96, 98, 99 Breast augmentation blame for historic events 42, 43 development of demand 38 saline implants advantages and disadvantages 62, 63 expanders 63 muscle-sparing procedures overview 64, 67 technique silicone implants autoimmune disease studies 43, 45, 46, 60 capsule development 38, 39 direct injection 39 filler substitutes 41, 42 Food and Drug Administration moratorium 41, 46, 55 long-term follow-up 53, 54, 59, 60 polymerization of gel 39 polyurethane treatment of shell 41, 42, 51 rupture diagnosis 46, 47 explantation 47, 49 type 47, 55 silicone oil content 39, 49, 54, 60 Calf implantation anesthesia 17, 18, 23 complications circulatory problems 29, 30 compression syndrome 31 frequency 36 hematoma 30, 31 infection 31 myonecrosis 31, 32 nerve injury 36, 37 seroma 30, 31 soft solicone bag implants 32 surgical 30 expanders complications 30, 37 design 33 male vs. female patients 34 technique 33, 34 history 12, 13, 35 indications esthetic 12, 13, 21, 22, 35 reconstructive 13, 22, 35 instruments for implantation 15, 17 musculature anterior group 19 deep group 20 lateral group 20 posterior crural muscles 20 neuroanatomy in lower extremity 18 positioning of patient 17 postoperative care bandages 26 bathing 28 walking 26, 28 silicone implants, development 14, 15 surgical technique closing 26 dissection incision 23,

3 insertion of implants 25, 26 position of implants 22, 23, 25, 26 Capsule formation around implant 49, 51 silicone breast implants Chemical peel, history 9, 10 Civil War, facial esthetic surgery 2, 3 Craniosynostosis animal models 145 dura mater role functional and morphological defects 144 growth factor expression and localization fibroblast growth factor transforming growth factor-β incidence 144, 150 MSX2 role 152 syndromic cases 144, 150 TWIST role 151, 152 Daubert decision, expert witnesses 135 Deep venous thrombosis, prevention in liposuction 112, 113 Dorsal scapular artery course dissection in cadavers 92, 93 injection in cadavers barium-gelatin 93 latex 92, 93 methylene blue 93, 95, 96 musculocutaneous perforators 95 Dura mater, role in cranial suture fusion Ear, history of prosthesis 2 Epinephrine, subcutaneous infiltration in liposuction , 105 Expander calf implantation complications 30, 37 design 33 male vs. female patients 34 technique 33, 34 saline breast implants 63 Expert witness Daubert decision 135 Frye rule 135, 142 lawyer tolerance for malpractice on witness stand liars and consequences 135, 136 peer review 133, 136, 137 policing 135 predominance in medicine 133 qualifications and guidelines 133, 134, 137, 142 External ultrasound facial recontouring outcomes with and without liposuction 76, postoperative recovery 83 technique 81, 83, 89 French line abdominoplasty 72, 74, 75 instrumentation 83 rationale 62, 63 summary of advantages 76 Face lift, history 5, 9, 10 Facial esthetic surgery, history ancient history 1, 2 Civil War 2, 3 ear prosthesis 2 face lift 5, 9, 10 nose reconstruction 2 rhinoplasty 3 undermining technique 9 Facial recontouring, see External ultrasound Fibroblast growth factor, craniosynostosis role FGF-2 149, 150 receptors expression 150 genes 150, 151 mutations 151 Food and Drug Administration, moratorium on silicone breast implants 41, 46, 55 French line abdominoplasty development 72 external ultrasound 72, 74, 75 Frye rule, expert witnesses 135, 142 Growth factors, craniosynostosis role Hyaluronidase, subcutaneous infiltration in liposuction 103 Hypovolemia, prevention in liposuction 114 Infection, prevention in liposuction 115 Subject Index 167

4 Lidocaine drug interactions 106 subcutaneous infiltration in liposuction 101, 102, toxicity 106, 111 Liposuction blood loss 108, 109, 114 complications, overview deep venous thrombosis prevention 112, 113 esthetic imperfections 115, 116 external ultrasound technique, see External ultrasound facilities 122 fluid replacement 107, 108 heart disease screening 113, 114, 119 history 100 hypovolemia prevention 114 infection prevention 115 large volume liposuction 109, 110, 118, 123 long-term effects peer review 123 penetration, intra-abdominal 114, 115 pulmonary edema precautions 113, 114 subcutaneous infiltration solutions epinephrine , 105 hyaluronidase 103 lidocaine 101, 102, superwet technique 101 tumescent liposuction 101, 104 wet technique 101 Magnetic resonance imaging, silicone breast implant rupture diagnosis 47 Malpractice biomedical device impacts 132 claims and awards Harvard study 125, 129 insurance companies as data sources 125, 126, 129, 131 PIAA data 129, 132 Texas 124, 125 data collection on cases 124, 125 direct costs 131 economic impact in United States 126, 129 expert witness Daubert decision 135 Frye rule 135, 142 lawyer tolerance for malpractice on witness stand liars and consequences 135, 136 peer review 133, 136, 137 policing 135 predominance in medicine 133 qualifications and guidelines 133, 134, 137, 142 historic view of legal system dangers 137, 138 indirect costs 131 insurance premiums 130, 131 outlay of costs from healthcare system 132 tort reform 137, 141 unethical behavior of few 133 MGH tenorrhaphy, see Tenorrhaphy MSX2, craniosynostosis role 152 Nose, history of esthetic surgery reconstruction 2 rhinoplasty 3 Pectoralis major flap extension 98, 99 limitations in reconstruction 92 Pennington s modified Kessler tenorrhaphy, see Tennorrhaphy Polyurethane, coating of breast implant shells 41, 42, 51 Pulmonary edema, precautions in liposuction 113, 114 Rhinoplasty, history 3 Saline breast implant advantages and disadvantages 62, 63 expanders 63 muscle-sparing procedures overview 64, 67 technique Silicone implants breast implants autoimmune disease studies 43, 45, 46, 60 capsule development 38, 39 Subject Index 168

5 direct injection 39 filler substitutes 41, 42 Food and Drug Administration moratorium 41, 46, 55 long-term follow-up 53, 54, 59, 60 polymerization of gel 39 polyurethane treatment of shell 41, 42, 51 rupture diagnosis 46, 47 explantation 47, 49 type 47, 55 silicone oil content 39, 49, 54, 60 calf implantation complications with soft silicone bag implants 32 development 14, 15 Skin flap delay 91 extension 91, 96, 98, 99 Tenorrhaphy algorithm for technique evaluation 156, 157, 161, 163, 164 MGH repair animal studies 156, 158, 163 glide efficiency 160 strength 156, toughness 160 mobilization vs. immobilization 156, 160, 161 Pennington s modified Kessler technique animal studies 156, 158 glide efficiency 160 strength 156, toughness 160 Transforming growth factor-β, craniosynostosis role Transverse cervical artery dissection in cadavers 92, 93 injection in cadavers barium-gelatin 93 latex 92, 93 methylene blue 93 Trapezius muscle flap blood supply, see Dorsal scapular artery extension 91, 96, 98, 99 limitations in reconstruction 92 TWIST, craniosynostosis role 151, 152 Ultrasound external, see External ultrasound silicone breast implant rupture diagnosis 47 Undermining technique, history 9 Victoria s secret abdominoplasty, see French line abdominoplasty XUAL, see External ultrasound Subject Index 169