GENDER INTEGRATION GUIDE In Institution-Based Waste Water Treatment Program

Transcription

1 A

2

3 Gender Integration Guide In Institution-Based Waste Water Treatment Program

4 ii INDONESIA INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE This document is publicised by Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative or IndII, a project which is funded by Australian Goverment with the goal encouraging Indonesian economic growth through improvement of relevance, quality, and the amount of invesment in infrastructure. Opinions stated in this report may not reflect the opinion of Australia Indonesia Partnership or Australian Goverment. Comments or questions can be delivered to IndII Director, Phone +62 (21) , fax +62 (21) Website: Photos by Eko Setyo Utomo and Ruth Eveline, Ilustration by Tri Qowie KH

5 FOREWORD The complete version of this manual has been prepared by Ruth Eveline, gender consultant who is contracted by Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (IndII), funded by Australian Aid as part of Act W This document is the short version of the manual. This short version manual is a recommendation and request from stakeholders and workshop participants, both from the Central and Local agencies. The manual was prepared by IndII gender officer with support from Gaynor Dawson (IndII s International Gender Specialist), Mrs. Rina Agustin (Directorate General of Cipta Karya) and Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) Working Group of the Ministry of Public Works (PU). Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (IndII). Jakarta, 17 September 2013 iii

6 CONTENTS FOREWORD iii CONTENTS ANNEXS GLOSSARY iv vi vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Institution-Based Waste Water Treatment Program Why Is This Gender Integration Guide Important and Necessary? Who Uses This Guide? 01 CHAPTER 2: GENERAL GUIDELINES Basic Concepts of Gender Examples of gender impartiality or discrepancy: 03 What is gender equality and how to achieve it? Service to Low-Income Communities 04 iv CHAPTER 3: SPECIFIC GUIDELINES The Relations of the Roles of Government, People, and Contractor Gender Integration in Program Cycle Program Stages and Aspects of Gender Equality 07 CHAPTER 4: PREPARATION AND PLANNING STAGES Preparation of Proposal to Obtain Funds from Central Government and Donor Institutions Analysis on Environmental Impacts and Environmental Permit Baseline Survey Preparation of Regional Policy Budgeting Socialisation Preliminary Socialisation and Consultation (Stage I Socialisation) Increasing Demand Decision on Connecting of Waste Water Channel Decision on Tariff 13

7 CHAPTER 5: IMPLEMENTATION STAGE, MAINTENANCE, AND BENEFIT SUSTAINABILITY Socialisation during Pipe Installation (Stage II Socialisation) Fee Collection Field Surveillance Socialisation for Maintenance by the Community (Stage III Socialisation) Complaints Mechanism Utilisation of Waste Water Treatment Product 17 CHAPTER 6: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN WATER TREATMENT INSTITUTION 19 CHAPTER 7: ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND INTER-INSTITUTION COORDINATION Division of the Roles and Responsibilities of Institutions Inter-Institution Coordination 24 CHAPTER 8: MONITORING AND EVALUATION Quantitative Indicators and Quantitative Data Collection Qualitative Indicators and Qualitative Data Collection Indicator Evidences and Data Collection Format Reporting Awards and Warnings 28 ANNEXS Gender Integration Commitment Letter Gender Action Plan Format Community Consultation Surveillance Format Questions For Baseline Survey Point Calculation Techniques For Awards System 36 v

8 ANNEXS ANNEXS 1: Gender Integration Commitment Letter ANNEXS 2: Gender Action Plan Format ANNEXS 3: Community Consultation Surveillance Format ANNEXS 4: Questions For Baseline Survey ANNEXS 5: Point Calculation Techniques For Awards System vi

9 GLOSSARY Gender Gender is a concept and perspective refer to roles and responsibility between men and women constructed and changed by social cultural condition. Gender Roles Duties and responsibilities performed by men and women, which are formed by public opinion and customs influenced by social, cultural, religious, age, class, and other aspects. Gender roles may change according to need and time. Gender-Sensitive Indicators Indicators which directly represent the difference of situation between men and women. Gender Responsive A follow-up of gender sensitive; an effort to change gender inequality and inequity by achieving gender equality and equity in policies/programs and various aspects in life. Gender Mainstreaming Gender Inequality Gender mainstreaming is a strategy built to integrate gender as an integrated dimension in the planning, formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the policy and national program. Inequality experienced by one of either gender (male or female) due to inability to participate in gaining access, assuming control, and enjoying the benefits of development. Inequality is caused by gender situation. vii Gender Equality Gender equality is an equal condition between men and women to have access and rights as a human being to be able to participate in politic, economy, social culture, defense and security and to have equal benefit of the development results. Gender Equity Gender Equity is a proccess to be fair and equitable between men and women.

10 Gender Analysis Gender Analysis is a systematic process to identify and understand roles and responsibilities between men and women, access and control towards development resources, participation and benefit from the development process, unequal relation pattern between men and women considering factor of class social, race and ethnic Gender Analysis Gender analysis is a systematic process that is built to identify and understand the division of labor / roles of men and women, access to and control over resources development, participation in the development process and the benefits they enjoy, the pattern of relationships between men and women unbalanced, which in the implementation attention to other factors such as social class, race, and ethnicity. Segregated Data Data segregated based on sexes which describes the status and condition of women and men in all fields of development, which include health, education, economy and employment, politics and decision making, legal and social-cultural aspects, violence, and others. viii

11 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Institution-Based Waste Water Treatment Program The Institution-based waste water treatment program emphasises government role and responsibility, primarily in planning, implementation, management, and maintenance of the waste water network (including sustainable funding commitment). The program has a larger and more complex scale and system compared to the community-based sanitation program. Although this is institutional based program, yet still requires community involvement. 1.2 Why is this Gender Integration Guide Important and Necessary? The society is not homogenous; it consists of men and women and various other groups with different socio-economic backgrounds. They have different rights, roles, experiences, issues, and needs that must be taken into account in the planning and implementation of the waste water program. The interest and participation of men and women in waste water affairs is still low and needs improvement to support the program s effectiveness and sustainability. The guide will help in the operation of policies and national development documents particularly with regard to sanitation development. 1.3 Who will use this Guide? 1 Central Government agencies, such as Directorate General of Human Settlements (DGHS), Ministry of Public Works (MPW)and Home Affairs Ministry, among others. Regional governments and institutions, such as Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM), Regional Waste Water Treatment Company (PDPAL), and associated regional working units (SKPD), such as Bappeda, Health Office, Women s Empowerment Agency, and Environment Agency. Members of Regional Parliament, to ensure that gender integration is performed in preparation of policies and budget for waste water treatment in Cities/Regencies. Contractors and consultants involved in the waste water treatment program.

12 2

13 CHAPTER 2: GENERAL GUIDELINES 2.1 Basic Concepts of Gender Gender primarily identifies the roles, rights and responsibilities associated with men and women and their relationships, which is shaped by social cultural aspects, and may change with time and era, with support from the society itself. In many aspects, gender construction forms a discrepancy of power between men and women as well as disparity in enjoying the benefits of development. What is an example of gender disparity and what is its relation with inequality and inequity? Gender disparity is an imbalance of relationship between men and women. For example, woman, due to her gender role, is deemed unnecessary to participate in community meetings and decision making pertaining development. Invitation for meetings discussing waste water is usually intended for the man as the head of family, and the meeting is held in the evening. The woman does not participate despite the following facts: With the presence of the waste water channel, women want a healthy environment for the family. Women want to obtain the entire information first hand. They want to know how to file a complaint and perform simple maintenance on the waste disposal channel in case of clogging. Household finances are managed mostly by women. This will enable them to budget for the waste water tariff effectively. 3 Women are often not involved in community meetings

14 What is Gender Equality and How Can it be Achieved? Gender equality is a situation where men and women can participate together in development and obtain opportunity and right for access, control, and development benefits in all aspects. This situation can be achieved through efforts involving strengthening women s participation and involving men to be more active in resolving gender inequality issues. 2.2 Service to Low-Income Communities (MBR) MBR, especially women, elderly people, people with disabilities, and children who spend more time staying at home are vulnerable to the impacts of bad sanitation. Special efforts must be made to provide opportunities to MBR to claim their rights, participate in waste water treatment meetings, and file complaints. Services in waste water treatment may include: 1) Services for MBR and women as heads of family in slums with affordable initial and monthly tariffs. 2) Provide cross subsidy in which tariffs for MBR are lower compared to industries and economically viable people. 4 Box 2. Sanitation Situation in Low-Income Households This is the latrine. Everyone in the Kampong uses it. If it is occupied, we leave and return later. Women use a cloth for cover. In case of emergency, we do not think about decency. For bathing, washing, toilet, and brushing teeth, we use river water with chlorine added. Sometimes we drink it, too, but we boil it first. (Evi, 45, Lima Ulu, Palembang)

15 CHAPTER 3: FRAMEWORK This chapter explains about the three frameworks, the implementation procedure of which is detailed in the next chapter. 3.1 Relationship of the roles of Government, Community, and Contractor The relationship of the roles of government, community, and contractor is described in the following graphic. Government - Promotes the importance of waste water treatment to the community. - Provides waste water connections and ensures service for low-income communities (including single mothers). - Works for gender equality in waste water treatment program. - Cooperates with the contractor to ensure that the equality of construction of the waste water network is in accordance with the contract. - Supervises and budget are available to sustain the benefits. 5 Community - Performs claim over the right to gain access to waste water treatment - Supervises construction works - Pays tariffs - Maintains waste water treatment facilities in their respective area - Files complaint over service quality issues (if any) - Enjoys hygiene and healthy environment Contractor - Performs construction according to the specifications, standard, and quality - Listens and responds to community complaints (both male and female) by fixing the quality of contrsuction

16 3.2 Gender Integration in Program Cycle Gender integration in program cycle can be seen in the following cycle: Perspective of gender equality Gender integration in preparations and planning stages Gender-sensitive indicators as device Gender integration in monitoring and evaluation Gender equality in HR management in Waste Water Treatment Institution Roles and interinstitution coordination in gender integration Gender integration in implementation stage Gender integration in maintenance and benefit sustainability stages 6 Gender checklist and summary of roles of institution

17 3.3 Program Stages Program stages covered in this manual are summarised in the following matrix: Preparation and Planning Stage Program Stages 1. Preparation of Proposal to Obtain Funding 1 2. Analysis on Environmental Impact and Environmental Permit (AMDAL) 3. Baseline Survey 4. Preparation of Regional Policies 5. Budgeting of Socialisation 6. Preliminary Socialisation and Consultation (Stage I Socialisation) 7. Decision on Connecting of Waste Water Channel 8. Increasing Demand 9. Tariff Implementation, Maintenance, and Benefit Sustainability Stage 1. Preliminary Socialisation and Consultation (Stage II Socialisation) 2. Fee Collection 3. Field Surveillance 4. Socialisation for Maintenance by the Community 5. Complaint Mechanism 6. Utilisation of Waste Water Treatment Product 7 Organisation 1. Human Resource Management in Waste Water Treatment Institution 2. Roles, Responsibilities, and Inter-Institution Coordination Monitoring and Evaluation Stage 1. Indicator, Data Management, and Reporting 2. Warning and Award 1 Filing of waste water treatment program proposal is intended to obtain funding support from donor institutions which is allocated by the Central Government; e.g. sanitation grant program offered by Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (IndII-an Australian Government funded project).

18 8

19 CHAPTER 4: PREPARATION AND PLANNING STAGE In this stage, there are several steps that can be considered: 4.1 Preparation of Proposal to Obtain Funding This stage is reserved for city/regency government who is intending to file a proposal to central government of the donor institution. In this case, the expected gender integration is: Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) delivers the waste water treatment grant program proposal to DGHS, MPW, alongwith a letter stating a commitment to implement the gender aspect. The format of the commitment letter is presented in Annex 1. After being selected, Bappeda prepares a Gender Action Plan (GAD) and the structure of program management which is adjusted to the program s conditions and needs, and sends them to DGHS. The format of GAD is presented in Annex Analysis on Environmental Impact (AMDAL) AMDAL initiator and consultant may integrate gender in AMDAL process through the following opportunities: Provide announcements/information in mass media that reaches men and women groups who are affected by AMDAL. Involve men and women and ask for their input, responses, and concerns regarding the program plan in a public consultation. If necessary, organise a separate meeting for men and women to collect detailed segregated data. Men and women affected by AMDAL must be included as members of AMDAL Evaluation Committee. Prepare and provide data on the positive and negative impacts that may affect men, women, children, people with disability, and elderly people. Involve men and women respondents affected by AMDAL in surveys and interviews. Affected men and women have access to the report and have the opportunity to comment Baseline Survey A baseline survey is performed to find out the social and economic conditions of prospective customers prior to receiving the waste water connection. The survey is performed by a consultant team on the request of the donor institution or associated government agency. Therefore, the consultant team is required to:

20 Process the data separately for different sexes, people with disability, children, and elderly people. The type of information and queries is defined in Annex 4. Collect qualitative data through interviews, focus group discussions, and observations to complement the quantitative data. Create separate, descriptive, quantitative and qualitative reports according to the sexes.. Involve women as enumerators so that they get an opportunity for a paid job and are able to cultivate data from female correspondents. 4.4 Preparation of a Regional Policy During the development of a regional policy on waste water treatment, it is necessary to perform the following: Regional Parliament, Waste Water Treatment Institution, and associated agencies work together to hold a public consultation during the preparation of the policy draft, by involving men and women from various groups. Include gender perspective in policy substance, e.g. in community empowerment aspect, men and women must be treated equally. 4.5 Budgeting Socialisation The government needs to increase the budget for and frequency of socialisation so that men and women can obtain the same information. In order to increase the socialisation budget: 10 Waste water treatment institutions must perform socialisation and make approaches to members of the Regional Parliament. Women s Empowerment Agency at the city/regency level must provide consultation to the office of MPW/PDAL/PDPAL to formulate Gender-Responsive Planning and Budgeting (PPRG). 4.6 Preliminary Socialisation and Consultation (Stage I Socialisation) Preliminary socialisation is important to enhance the understanding and interest in obtaining a waste water connection. Suggested discussion topics are mentioned in Box 3 below. Box 3. Discussion Topics for Preliminary Socialisation and Consultation: The hazards of waste water and its benefits once treated Healthy and hygienic lifestyle How to obtain a connection Costs and tariffs Schedule, location, and other planning Waste water network construction process Information and negotiation on road repair, etc. Waste water treatment institution needs to: Invite men and women in socialisation of both technical matters and the benefits of the

21 program. Both genders should preferably be equally represented, or at least have 40 percent women participants. Involve both male and female officials from associated agencies in the socialisation process. Choose an appropriate time for socialisation when men and women can present together. Consult the socialisation time with women groups so that they can participate, or even use their own routine meeting. If necessary, organise a separate meeting for men and women. Box 4. Meeting with a Women Group A separate meeting with a women group in Bandung City Conduct socialisation for low-income communities in slums. Use easily understandable local language and simple explanation. 11 Meeting: one of the socialisation mediums Men, women, elderly people, and even disabled people have a right to obtain information and decide whether they want a waste water connection or not.

22 Other socialisation mediums: Utilise mind-opening pictures and films. When using brochures, distribute them to men and women groups from all social and economic levels. Cooperate with mass media, such as local newspapers, TV, and radio that have a wide audience coverage to promote the importance of treating waste water. When using pictures, films, ads, talk shows, etc., men and women should be represented equally. Provide similar opportunities to male and female cadres to perform socialisation to their neighbours. Cooperate with associated agencies in performing socialisation, e.g. Health Office, Environment Agency, Planned Parenthood and Women Empowerment Agency to involve Planned Parenthood counsel cadres and Family Welfare (PKK). Perform socialisation on Hygiene and Healthy lifestyle (PHBS) to children in schools. 4.7 Increasing Demand 12 Waste water treatment institution may take the following steps: Involve men and women equally in socialisation with the appropriate method. Involving the community cadres (women and men) as a driver to increase public interest. Invites men and women to study visits to settlements which have adequate waste water treatment to show evidence of the benefits and successes. Immediately cover entrenchments and repair the road once the waste water pie is installed. Coordinate with City/Regency Level public works authority if the duty and budget for road repair falls under this agency s authority. Saryanti a disabled person in Surakarta City is a PKK cadre who is also a motivator of community sanitation

23 4.8 Decision to Obtain a Connection The Waste Water Treatment Institution develops a procedure which enables women to decide on obtaining a connection, e.g. by allowing wives to sign the waste water channel installation registration form. 4.9 Decision on Tariff The Regional Parliament and Waste Water Treatment Institution need to: Perform review and consultation with men and women customers on fair calculation of tariffs for the community. If necessary, organise separate meeting for men and women. Consider applying flat tariff, social tariff, or low tariff for vulnerable groups, and make criteria and identify people who meet the criteria for vulnerable group. If a tariff increase is planned, organise a meeting attended by both men and women. Box 9. A Meeting Discussing Tariff The discussion on waste water tariff setting in Bandung City was attended by men and women. It is necessary to get the opinions of both men and women and their ability to pay for the initial connection fee and the monthly fee. 13

24 14

25 CHAPTER 5: IMPLEMENTATION, MAINTENANCE, AND BENEFIT SUSTAINABILITY STAGE 5.1 Socialisation during Installation of Waste Water Channel Pipes (Stage II Socialisation) The Waste Water Treatment Institution needs to: Provide the contractor s company profile to public figures and customers (male and female). Advise the contractor to provide technical information on pipe installation and/or assist the contractor in the field in performing the matter. Along with the contractor, provide equal opportunities to men and women to observe the pipe installation process and comment on the technical issues during the construction and their social impact(s). Inform both male and female customers on the repair schedule of the road and other public facilities that are damaged from the pipe installation. Contractor consults and provides technical information to prospective customers, both men and women, on pipe installation. 5.2 Fee Collection The Waste Water Treatment Institution needs to: 15 Consider taking the initiative to collect waste water treatment fee to save cost and time, especially for women. For example, by involving neighbourhood managers and PKK managers in fee collection and provide compensations in an agreed amount of cash. 5.3 Field Surveillance The Waste Water Treatment Institution needs to develop a habit to routinely go to the field. Once in the field, they can: Discuss with the community (men and women) to ascertain field situation and accommodate complaints and ideas. Monitor waste water treatment network in settlements and rapidly resolve both technical and non-technical issues.

26 5.4 Socialisation for Maintenance by the Community (Stage III Socialisation) The Waste Water Treatment Institution: Performs socialisation to customers (men and women) on how to maintain, and prevent damage and clogging in the waste water channel. Performs socialisation under a routine schedule in all communities served. Provide training on simple maintenance of the waste water channel, e.g. checking of control tanks by opening the Inspection Chamber (IC) and Manhole, and clearing clogging. Involve Neighbourhood and PKK cadres to remind the community. 16 Solid waste is often found in clogged waste water channels. The community (both men and women) needs to be informed on simple methods on checking the channel and clearing clogging

27 5.5 Complaint Mechanism The Waste Water Treatment Institution: Prepares effective service procedures, including easy complaint procedures for women, e.g. by applying easy and practical methods such as putting stickers of phone numbers to register complaints in customers residences, placing a suggestion box in Kelurahan Offices, or designating male and female customers who are responsible for communicating complaints to waste water treatment managers. Provides information to men and women on the procedures to file complaints. Takes note of complaints and monitors the response over the complaints of both male and female customers. 5.6 Utilisation of Waste Water Treatment Product The waste water treatment institution needs to: Invite both men and women in the vicinity of waste treatment area to grow plants maintained with water from treatment product. It is to promote that hazardous waste water can provide benefit once treated. Avoid addition of purifier or disinfectant agents such as chlorine into treated water from waste water treatment installation (IPAL) before it is channelled into the river. 17

28 18

29 CHAPTER 6: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT INSTITUTION Waste water treatment institution needs to: Set the standards, criteria, and procedures of recruitment and career development by considering gender equality principles. Provide equal opportunity for men and women to work in technical professions such as IPAL Engineer and Operator. Implement performance-based evaluation for employees rank and career growth. Provide equal opportunity to both male and female employees for capacity improvement. Box 21. Women also Enjoy Work in Technical Occupation 19 Amalia Ulfah, A.Md (23) field staff of PDPAL Banjarmasin

30 20

31 CHAPTER 7: ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND INTER-INSTITUTION COORDINATION 7.1 Division of Institutions Roles and Responsibilities The following is the division of roles and responsibilities which can be applied in waste water treatment program. Institution Roles and Responsibilites Central Government Ministry of Public Work (PU) DG of Cipta Karya cooperates with PUG working group of Cipta Karya to promote and encourage the implementation of gender integration guide in the Ministry of PU and other associated agencies in regions. DG of Cipta Karya cooperates with PUG working group and the Sub-Directorate of Program Performance and Development Evaluation in performing monitoring and evaluation of gender integration efforts in waste water treatment program by the local government. 21 In the implementation of Sanitation Grant and saiig from IndII-Australian Aid, CPMU Cipta Karya inspects the Commitment Letter and Gender Action Plan filed in the proposal from the Local Government. Home Affairs Ministry Promotes and encourages implementation of gender integration in waste water treatment through Decree or Circular to the Local Government. Monitors the preparation of local Regulation (Perda) and documents related to waste water treatment and advise City/Regency government to include gender integration in Perda. 2 Filing of proposal and Gender Integration Commitment Letter and Gender Action Plan is intended specifically for waste water treatment program supported with funding from donors such as saiig program and Sanitation Grant from Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (IndII-an Australian Government funded project).

32 Institution Roles and Responsibilites Local Government of Level I (Province) and Level II (City/Regency) Office of PU/ PDPAM/ PDPAL/ BLUD PAL as Waste Water treatment Institutions Cooperates with Bappeda in preparing and filing Sanitation Grant proposal to Central Cipta Karya with Gender Integration Commitment Letter and Gender Action Plan2 attached. 2 Plans, implements, and monitors waste water treatment service with attention to gender equality. Cooperates with the community (men and women) in planning, socialisation, and maintenance of waste water network. Prepares standards and procedures which enable implementation of gender integration in service to community and in the institution (including human resource management). Monitors the process and quality of waste water channel installation performed by contractor. 22 Ensure post-construction clean-up, including repairs of road and other facilities damaged due to construction. Bappeda Cooperates with the office of PU/PDAM/PDPAL/BLUD PAL in preparing and filing Sanitation Grant Proposal to Central Cipta Karya with Gender Integration Commitment Letter and Gender Action Plan attached. Health Office Assists, supports, and provides counsel to the Office of PU and Waste Water Treatment Institution in performing socialisation on hygiene and healthy lifestyle in waste water treatment program areas and schools. Involves Community Health Centre (esp. sanitarian) in the socialisation on the importance of waste water treatment to the community. Involves and trains male and female cadres in providing guidance to the community. Ensures that men are more involved in the guidance on hygiene and healthy behaviour.

33 Office/ Agency of Women s Empowerment Provides counsel to the Office of PU/PDAM/PDPAL/BLUD PAL and other associated agencies in the Sanitation Working Group in the introduction to the concepts of gender, gender equality, gender analysis, and Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting (PPRG) in waste water treatment program and in sanitation program in general. Involves Planned Parenthood (KB) counselling cadres as community counsellors at Kelurahan and Subdistrict levels. Environment Agency Promotes and ensures that AMDAL initiators and consultants involve men and women equally in all AMDAL stages. Assists, supports, and provides counsel to the Office of PU/PDAM/PDPAL/BLUD PAL in performing socialisation on the hazards of polluting environment and the importance of waste water treatment. Involves environmental cadres (men and women) in socialisation activities. Legislative Body Regional Parliament (DPRD) Pursues for preparation of Regional Regulation (Perda) on waste water treatment in regions. 23 Utilises this gender integration guide as reference in preparing the draft regulation. Involves the community (men and women), community groups (including female groups) in the preparation of Perda. Considers and decides on socialisation budget which enables men and women to obtain identical information on waste water treatment.

34 Non-Government Organisations Institutions PKK of Kelurahan, Subdistrict, City/ Regency Levels Roles and Responsibilites Assists in socialisation on hygiene and healthy lifestyle and waste water treatment to the community (men and women). Assists in maintenance and encourage the community (men and women) to maintain the waste water treatment channel by cleaning control tanks and not disposing solid waste into it. Community Facilitators and/ or NGOs Ensure community empowerment and counsel which equally involve men and women. Ensures that men and women engage in negotiation and take joint decision in facilitated community meetings. Support Units Consultant team (Data Gathering) Ensures segregated data gathering and analysis based on sexes during baseline survey prior to the implementation of sanitation grant program. 24 Prepares questionnaire for the baseline survey to help identify the situation, issues, and needs of men and women. Collect segregated qualitative data which can clarify segregated quantitative data. Utilises gender analysis in the interaction between quantitative and qualitative data. Ensures equal opportunity for men and women to become enumerators.

35 Contractor Performs construction of waste water network accordingly to the set specification, standards, and quality and minimises negative impacts to households and environment. Completes construction in a clean manner, e.g. by immediately covering entrenchments and cleaning up road to mitigate negative impact to the community. Responds to complaints from waste water treatment managers within warranty period and repairs construction as determined. 7.2 Inter-Institution Coordination: Sanitation Working Group Local government and Regional Parliament create policies to reinforce the presence and operation of Sanitation Working Group and guarantee its funding. Women s Empowerment Agency of City/Regency level must actively participate in Sanitation Working Group and provide counsel on gender aspects in waste water treatment program as well as sanitation programs in general. Representatives of community organisations, including women s organisations, must be present in Sanitation Working Group membership. Social and gender issues in sanitation must be discussed frequently in Sanitation Working Group meetings. 25

36 26

37 CHAPTER 8: MONITORING DAN EVALUATION To perform monitoring and evaluation: DG of Cipta Karya performs monitoring and evaluation on gender integration performed by City/Regency government in the waste water treatment program. Waste water treatment institutions collect data and report gender integration attempts and their successes to the DG of Cipta Karya. DG of Cipta Karya must consider gender-sensitive quantitative and qualitative indicators to see the participation, access to control, and program benefits for men and women. 8.1 Quantitative Indicators and Quantitative Data Gathering Quantitative indicators are the figures to measure achievement and reflect the quantity aspect of change. The probable formula of quantitative indicators is as follows: A. Indicators to Measure Beneficiaries (see Annex 4): Indicators to Measure Access - % of women and % of men involved in Stage I, Stage II, and Stage III of initial socialisation. - % female cadres and % male cadres who receive training to be sanitation or waste water treatment counsels. 27 Indicators to Measure Success - % of women & % of men involved in the preparation of regional policies. - The number of male and female customers appointed to collect complaints. - The number of men and women who file complaints over waste water connection. - % of complaints that receive responses within 2x24 hours maximum. - % of female cadres and % of male cadres who become sanitation or waste water treatment counsels. - % of women and % of men who give inputs, opinions, responses, and concerns regarding waste water treatment program plan in AMDAL process. - % of impacted women and % impacted men who become members of AMDAL Evaluation Committee.

38 Indicators to Measure Benefits - The number of men and women who receive waste water connection channel. - The number of children (under 18) of both sexes who receive waste water connection. - The number of elderly men and women who receive waste water connection. - The number of disabled people who receive waste water connection. - % of low-income households that receive waste water connection. - % of women as heads of family from low-income households who receive waste water connection. - Difference in the amount of monthly expenditure per low-income household (+/-) prior and after getting connection to the waste water channel. - Difference in the amount of time women work at home (+/-) before and after getting connection to the waste water channel. - Level of satisfaction between men and women with the waste water treatment system in 1-5 scale. 28 B. Indicators for Institution - % of female and % of male assessors (enumerators) for the initial survey (baseline survey). - % women and % of men who have taken technical job positions. - % women and % of men who have got training, comparative studies and/or further education. - % women and % of men who have taken the position of Head of Division/Sub-Division. - % women and % of men who become members of Sanitation Working Group (Pokja Sanitasi). - Number of institutions/organisations that appoint female representatives in Pokja Sanitasi. 8.2 Qualitative Indicators and Qualitative Data Gathering Qualitative data needs to be determined to clarify/detail the opinions, perceptions, and experiences of men and women regarding a certain subject. The data can be gathered through interviews, focus group discussion, and observation. Qualitative indicators can be formulated as follows: Indicators to Measure Access - Men and women both receive complete information on waste water treatment program. - Men and women both question and opine during socialisation meetings.

39 Indicators to Measure Control - Women have influence in the planning and implementation of the institution based waste water treatment program. - Men and women work together to campaign for the importance of waste water treatment on their own initiative. - Women (wives) and men (husbands) engage in discussion and make decision on installation of waste water channel. - Men and women participate in the maintenance of waste water treatment. (e.g: collecting fee, cleaning waste water channel, advise the community to not dispose waste to prevent clogging of waste water channel). - Perda document on Waste Water Treatment in a certain city regulates gender integration. - AMDAL and RPL-RKL documents contain segregated data on the impacts on men, women, children, disabled people, elderly people, and resolution plans. Indicators to Measure Benefits - Benefits enjoyed by men and women after the installation of waste water channel in short and long terms. - Changes in women s workload (become heavier/easier) with the presence of waste water treatment. - Men, women, and children experience change into hygiene and healthy lifestyle. - Low-income groups have positive view on the importance of waste water treatment and improvement of sanitation condition Indicator Evidences and Data Gathering Format DG of Cipta Karya needs to develop data gathering devices or formats which are adjusted to the variables in the indicators. Waste Water Treatment Institution needs to plan and set data gathering, storing, and processing methods. Indicator evidences can be records of data such as meetings with the community, daily notes of the field officials, meeting attendance list, minutes, technical and social reports from events, pictures or movies of the events, observation notes, interview records and their verbatim transcript. 8.4 Reporting DG of Cipta Karya needs to: Collect quantitative and qualitative data reports from city/regency waste water treatment institution(s). Develop reporting system and mechanism with consideration of gender integration, by setting the following points: What needs to be reported? What is the report format? Who prepares the report?

40 Who to report to? When the report should be made and how frequent? Identify how to respond if: The report does not contain attempts on gender integration and other social issues; The report reveals inadequate attempts to resolve gender issues and associated social issues. 8.5 Award and Warning DG of Cipta Karya needs to: Set an award and warning system for gender integration in waste water treatment program. Award is given to Mayor/Regent, Waste Water Treatment Institution, or Sanitation Working Group that show commitment to gender integration. Warning note is given to City/Regency government that has not taken gender perspective and poverty aspect into account in the program. Local government evaluation matrix in the implementation of this guide is presented in Annex 5. 30

41 ANNEXES ANNEX 1: GENDER INTEGRATION COMMITMENT LETTER Subject: Declaration of Commitment on Gender Equality in saiig Program To DG of Cipta Karya Ministry of Public Works Republic of Indonesia In Jakarta Dear Sir, In regard to the provisions of saiig program management, we, the Government of, Regency/City, hereby declare our commitment and willingness to conduct gender equality approach in the planning and implementation of saiig program in our Regency/City. We will prove the commitment through the Gender Action Plan, which we will send as soon as we obtain approval as recipient of saiig program. Hereafter, we will refer to the project management guide. 31 Thus, this letter is delivered for approval. Regent/Mayor Regency/City. (Name and Signature)

42 ANNEX 2: GENDER ACTION PLAN SAMPLE FORMAT FOR saiig XXX City Government Period: January-December 2013 No Activities Steps Planned Achievement Indicators Persons in Charge Schedule and Locations 1. Stage I Conducts meeting 50 % women and 50 Team from Business March, June, Socialisation which can be % men attend the Development Affairs September Preliminary atended by men and meeting and Customer Services in A, B, C consultation with women of the Offices of PU/ Kelurahan the community on Provides training to PDAM/ PDPAL/ BLUD planning of waste community cadres PAL water treatment (men and women) to assist with the socialisation 2 Stage II Consults with the - 50 % men Engineering Division Adjusted to Socialisation community (men customers and of the Offices of PU/ construction Waste water pipe and women) on the 50 % women PDAM/ PDPAL/ BLUD schedule installation technical aspects of customers PAL pipe installation obtain technical Accommodates and information 32 responds to inputs and complaints from - 80 % of complaints on technical issues customers (men and receive responses women) on technical - 80 % of damaged issues with social road is repaired and impacts restored 3. Stage III Provides simple 50 % men customers Operation and Monthly (in Socialisation training on how and 50 % women Maintenance Division areas where Handover and to maintain waste customers receive of the Offices of PU/ channels training on simple water channel to information on how PDAM/ PDPAL/ BLUD are already maintenance male and female to maintain waste PAL present) and of waste water customers water channel every time a channel new channel construction is complete

43 4. Preparation Conducts - 30 % women and 70 Chairperson on City Initiation of Regional coordination meeting % men participate Sanitation Working meeting in Regulation (Perda) between Regional in the preparation of Group March 2013 in Parliament and draft Perda Regional Sanitation Working - Finalised Perda Parliament Group contains attempts Office Conducts public on gender consultation integration Utilises gender integration guide as reference to prepare draft regional regulation Conducts finalisation and trials 5. Pipe Installation Distributes families agree Team from Business Anytime installation to have waste water Development Affairs throughout the registration forms pipes installed and Customer Services program Advises that - The number of men of the Offices of PU/ husband and wife and women who PDAM/ PDPAL/ BLUD take a joint decision receive waste water PAL Allows women to pipe connection sign registration form - The number of disabled people 33 Delivers additional who receive information in waste water pipe case where either connection husband/wife - % of low-income disagrees with households that installation of waste receive waste water water pipe pipe connection - % of women as heads of family from low-income households who receive waste water pipe connection sambungan saluran air limbah. - % of women who decides on installation of waste water pipe

44 City/ Regency. (Name and Signature of Mayor/Regent) 34

45 ANNEX 3: COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND SOCIALISATION MONITORING FORMAT No Public Consultation Place Time Target Group Theme of event Attendance list: Meeting goals Number of women Discussion topics Number of men Name og group/ organisation 1. Example Example Example Example saiig Program Socialisation Sub 17 September 2012 Total Attendance: 30 ppl Meeting Kelurahan WIB Women = 15 ppl Goals RW/RT. Men = 15 ppl Topics. PKK RT.. 2. Coordination Meeting on Sub. 26 September 2012 Total Kehadiran: 25 org Program Implementation Kelurahan. RW/RT WIB Perempuan = 13 orang Goals Laki-laki = 12 orang Topics PKK RT

46 ANNEX 4: QUESTIONS FOR BASELINE SURVEY Segregated data must be gathered: Household information Who is the head of the household? Male or female? How many are the members of the household (adults, children, elderly people, disabled people)? How much is the total monthly income of the household? How much is the monthly expense of the household? Sanitation condition at the moment of survey Does the house have latrine? If not, why? Where do family members defecate? Where do they wash clothes and dishes? How is the security of the road to the latrine and washing site? How long is the time needed to go to the latrine and washing site? If yes, who use it? Who is responsible for its maintenance and hygiene? How is waste water treated? Where is it disposed to? Why so? Who is responsible for the disposal of waste water? 36 Knowledge and decision making in installation of waste water pipe connection Have you ever heard about waste water pipe installation program? If yes, who, from the family, was invited to the meeting to receive information? Who is making decisions on sanitation facility at home? Demand for installation of waste water pipe connection In your opinion, what are the issues pertaining waste water in the vicinity of the house? What are impacts on the family s health? Are you concerned about the issues? Who bears the most of the impacts of the issues? Will the issues be resolved if the house has connection to waste water treatment installed? If not, why? How important is the connection to waste water channel for your household? In a scale of 1-4: Very Important, Important, Less Important, Unimportant In your opinion, what are the benefits of connecting to waste water treatment for your household?

47 Perspective on costs and benefits of connection to waste water treatment How much is spent for waste water disposal now? In a day? In a month? Whose approval is requested for the payment of the expenses? Can the household afford the tariff set by Waste Water Treatment Agency? Why? How much the household can spend to pay the initial waste water pipe? How much the household can spend to pay the monthly fee? Who will pay for the expenses? How much will expenditure change (reduced/added) if the household has connection to waste water treatment compared if the household does not have connection? (Assumption: Waste Water Treatment Agency has announced the estimation of fee which will be charged to the community during socialisation). 37

48 ANNEX 5: Point Calculation Method for Award and Warning System Can be made according to needs and situation. Point Calculation Matrix 1. Socialisation and Target Options Score No socialisation. 0 Socialisation only to men. 1 Socialisation to < 30% of women population. 2 Socialisation to 30% - 40% of women population. 3 Socialisation to > 40% of women population. 4 Note: Similar format can be used for Stages I, II, and III of Socialisation. 2. Implementation of Socialisation and Consultation with the Community Options Score 38 No socialisation. 0 All socialisations are conducted at evening. 1 Waste Water Treatment Agency consults with women 2 to determine suitable schedule and location for socialisation. Socialisation schedule and location are selected accordingly to the needs of both men and women. Men and women are both chosen as community cadres in promoting waste water treatment program. Note: Similar format can be used for Stages I, II, and III of Socialisation. 3 4

49 3. Regional Policy on Sanitation Options Score No policy on sanitation. 0 Regional policy is present, but its preparation did not involve the community. Men and women participated in the public consultation for preparation of regional policy. Regional policy includes general regulation on participation of men and women in sanitation development. Regional policy includes specific and technical regulation on participation of men and women in sanitation development Field Monitoring by Official Options Score No regular visit to service location. 0 Field visit is performed less than once in 6 (six) months. 1 Field visit is performed more than once in 6 (six) months and Waste Water Treatment Agency only holds discussion with male customers. Field visit is performed by male officials more than once in 6 (six) months and the official hold discussion with male and female customers. Field visit is performed by male and female officials more than once in 6 (six) months and the official holds discussion with male and female customers

50 5. Customer Complaint Options Score No formalised complaint system. 0 Complaint system is available with segregated complaint filing between men and women, and records on the responses to the complaints. Complaint system implemented by Waste Water Treatment Agency is suitable for both male and female customers. Customers also know how to file complaint. Female customers state their satisfaction over the ease of filing complaints to Waste Water Treatment Agency. Female customers state their satisfaction over Waste Water Treatment Agency s rapid response to their complaints Support for Low-Income Households 40 Options No consideration which enables low-income households to obtain waste water connection. Waste Water Treatment Agency consults low-income households regarding their paying capability. A system which helps low-income households in obtaining waste water connection exists. A system which helps low-income households in obtaining waste water connection while also enabling them to pay monthly fee exists. A Perda which regulates service support for low-income households exists, and the regulation is implemented. Score

51 7. Fee Collection Options Customers must pay through the offices of waste water treatment institutions (Offices of PU/PDAM/PDPAL/ BLUD PAL). Waste Water Treatment Institution consults with male customers on the desired payment location. Waste Water Treatment Institution consults with female customers on the desired payment location. Waste Water Treatment Institution consults with male and female customers on the desired payment location and the most suitable payment method. A fee collection system which enables men and women customers to perform payment locally or anywhere they desire exists. Score Utilisation of Water Product from Treatment 41 Options Score Water product from treatment is not utilised. 0 Waste Water Treatment Institution encourages men to utilise water product from treatment to obtain income and/or for other purposes. Waste Water Treatment Institution encourages women to utilise water product from treatment to obtain income and/or for other purposes. Waste Water Treatment Institution encourages men and women to utilise water product from treatment to obtain income and/or for other purposes. Waste Water Treatment Institution encourages men and women to utilise water product from treatment to obtain income and/or for other purposes, and no additives added into the water

52 9. Human Resource in Waste Water Treatment Institution Options No consideration of gender equality in recruitment, capacity enhancement, and promotion. Men and women have equal opportunity to participate in capacity enhancement programs. Men and women have equal opportunity to work in any position, including in engineering. Women are recruited for engineering work according to the required criteria in the past two years. Women occupy senior positions in Waste Water Treatment Institution. Score Inter-Institution Coordination: Sanitation Working Group Options Score 42 No Sanitation Working Group in City/Regency. 0 The Working Group exists and conducts regular meetings. Women organisations (e.g. PKK and NGOs, etc.) become members of Sanitation Working Group. Female Empowerment Agency is active in Sanitation working Group. Sanitation working Group holds discussions on gender and social issues in the last one year

53 11. Gathering and Reporting of Gender-Segregated Data and Vulnerable Group Options Score No data on the beneficiaries is collected. 0 Beneficiary data is collected based on Heads of Family only. Gathering of segregated data according to sexes and its analysis exist. Gathering of segregated data according to sexes data on vulnerable groups (low-income households, disabled people, elderly people, children) and their analysis exist. Segregated data and analysis according to sexes and vulnerable groups are reported to DG of Cipta Karya Evaluation and Comparison The following point measurement can help DG of Cipta Karya in giving awards to local governments that display distinguished efforts in gender integration, as well as giving warnings and guidance to local governments that are still lacking in their efforts. By using point calculation matrix above, sum up the scores for each local government and compare their achievements. 43 Comparison between regency governments can also be limited to only one selected subject, e.g. socialisation. Local government achievement is recognised in three achievement ranks: Beginner, Intermediate, and Primary. Based on the 11 matrixes, the score range for each rank is as follows: Category Score Range Beginner Intermediate Primary 34-44

54 44

55 inside back cover

56