Convulsive Disorder and Cardiac Disease. Running Rachael, Active Ashlee, Sassy Savannah
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1 Convulsive Disorder and Cardiac Disease Running Rachael, Active Ashlee, Sassy Savannah
2 Convulsive Disorder
3 Seizure is over. Pay attention to how long the seizure lasts. Stay calm. Make the person as comfortable as possible. Seizure First Aid The most important Do s and Don ts... Keep onlookers away. Don t hold the person down. Don t put anything in the person s mouth. Make sure their breathing is okay. Don t give water, pills or food by mouth unless the person is fully alert. Know when to call for emergency help. Be sensitive and supportive, and ask others
4
5 Seizure vs. Epilepsy Not all people who have seizures have epilepsy. Seizures...a brief, temporary disturbance in the electrical activity of the brain. Epilepsy...a chronic disorder with recurrent, unprovoked Seizures. People with epilepsy have different types of seizures.
6
7 Symptoms depend on what neurons are affected Outward Signs Jerking Moving Losing consciousness Only experienced by patient Fears Strange smells
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10 Status Epilepticus If seizure lasts > 5 minutes Ongoing or without returning to normal Usually Tonic-Clonic Medical Emergency! Often treated with Benzodiazepines Enhance GABA (inhibitory transmitter)
11 Symptoms to Follow Seizure Postictal Confusion After seizure confusion Post: after Ictal: Seizure Todd s Paralysis In arms or legs Lasts average ~ 15 hours Subsides completely ~ 2 days
12 Diagnosis Look for abnormalities in the brain (e.g. tumors) Brain Imaging MRI CT Electroencephalogram (EEG) Detect electrical signals in the brain Check thoroughly Clinical History
13 Treatment Medication Surgery Implanted Devices Regulatory Diet
14 What can we(trss) do to help? * We can meet the unseen needs! * We can help them manage: Fear Withdrawal from society Depression Learned helplessness
15 Resources
16 Cardiac Disease
17 Cardiac Disease Cardiac Disease, or heart disease, includes many different medical conditions which affect the heart s ability to work effectively. In an average lifetime, the heart beats more than 2 1/2 billion times, without ever pausing to rest. Like a pumping machine, the heart provides the power needed for life. Can a lot of things go wrong? YES!
18 How does the heart work?
19 Common Types Coronary Artery Disease Coronary artery disease is America's No.1 killer, affecting more than 13 million Americans. Damage or disease in the heart s major blood vessels. Enlarged Heart (Cardiomegaly) An enlarged heart (cardiomegaly) can have various causes. But it's usually caused by high blood pressure (hypertension) or coronary artery disease. Heart Attack A blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle. Irregular Heart Rhythm An irregular, often rapid heart rate that causes poor blood flow. Atrial Fibrillation It's the most common kind of irregular heartbeat. Heart Rhythm Disorders Irregular heart rhythms can cause the pumping function of the heart to fail. Typically involves abnormalities in heart rate, beats, sites where electrical impulses originate, or sequence of activation of heartbeats. Heart Valve Disease All four valves can be hardened, restricting blood flow (stenotic) or the valve may not close tightly which creates a leaky valve Sudden Cardiac Death This is the cause of half of all heart disease deaths. It is a sudden, unexpected loss of heart function, breathing, and consciousness. Congenital Heart Disease An abnormality in the heart that develops before birth. Heart Muscle Disease (Cardiomyopathy) An acquired or hereditary disease of the heart muscle. Dilated Cardiomyopathy The heart s ability to pump blood is decreased because the left ventricle (the heart s main pumping chamber) is enlarged and weakened. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy HCM. The heart s muscle becomes abnormally thick. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy The rarest form of heart-muscle disease. The contractile function (squeeze) of the heart and wall thickness are usually normal, but the relaxation or filling phase of the heart is very abnormal. Heart Rhythm Disorders Irregular heart rhythms can cause the pumping function of the heart to fail. Typically involves abnormalities in heart rate, beats, sites where electrical impulses originate, or sequence of activation of heartbeats. Heart Valve Disease All four valves can be hardened, restricting blood flow (stenotic) or the valve may not close tightly which creates a leaky valve Pericarditis A swelling and irritation of the thin sac-like membrane surrounding the heart (pericardium). Pericardial Effusion Fluid around the heart can be caused by various types of infection/inflammation or cancer, kidney disease or heart surgery. This fluid can impair heart function. Marfan Syndrome This inherited genetic defect weakens connective tissues -- including those in the heart. Heart Murmurs Most heart murmurs are innocent: They are caused by blood flowing through healthy valves in a healthy heart and do not require treatment. However, heart murmurs can be caused by blood flowing through a damaged or overworked heart valve.
20 Symptoms Chest pain or discomfort Shortness of breath Fatigue Fainting Pain/numbness/weakness/ coldness in your legs or arms Lightheadedness Dizziness Irregular heartbeat Swollen feet or ankles Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back Fluttering in your chest Racing heartbeat (tachycardia) Slow heartbeat (bradycardia) Dry or persistent cough Sweating Skin rashes or unusual spots Nausea of vomiting Fever
21 Diagnosis Electrocardiogram (ECG) Holter Monitoring Echocardiogram Cardiac Catheterization Cardiac Computerized Tomography Scan (CT) Cardiac Magnetic Response Imaging (MRI)
22 Treatment Surgery Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Pacemakers Mechanical and Tissue Heart Valves Medication Relieve heart's workload, control blood clotting, regulate blood pressure, relieve heart failure symptoms and ease chest pain
23 Know about your client! So how can we help? What is their heart condition? What medications are they on? What is risk factors are in their natural environment? Leisure education will be an important part of the CTRS s work to help them reduce risk factors.
24 Resources Public Awareness Organizations
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