Schizophrenia. Severe and disabling pattern of disturbed thinking, emotion, perception and behavior.
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1 Schizophrenia Severe and disabling pattern of disturbed thinking, emotion, perception and behavior.
2 Nearly 1 in a 100 suffer from schizophrenia. World- 24 million people suffer from the disorder Strikes young people as mature into adults.. Symptoms usually begin to appear from 18-early 20s. Effects men and women equally but men suffer more severely Literal translation- split mind Psychosis- break from reality Disorganized and delusional thinking Disturbed perceptions- hallucinations Inappropriate emotions and actions
3 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Positive Symptoms Undesirable additions to a person s behavior Hallucinations Delusions - persecution or grandeur Disorganized speech word salad Movement disorders Inappropriate emotions Negative Symptoms Absence of pleasure (socially withdrawn) Lack of speech & motivation Flat affect (emotion) For diagnosis, symptoms must have been present for six months & include at least one month of active symptoms. Catatonia
4 Disorganized & Delusional Thinking This morning when I was at Hillside [Hospital], I was making a movie. I was surrounded by movie stars.. I m Mary Poppins. Is this room painted blue to get me upset? My grandmother died 4 weeks after my eighteenth birthday Disorganized thoughts occur b/c of selective attention failure
5 Hallucinations Perception without the corresponding sensation Most auditory; less visual, olfactory, gustatory Often voices insult or give orders Ie. David Berkowitz aka Son of Sam thought neighbors dog was possessed by the devil and ordered him to murder people
6 Possible Causes (Etiology) of Schizophrenia Brain Chemistry Abnormal levels of dopamine receptors and/or function of dopamine transmitter systems. Brain Structure & Morphology MRI s show enlarged ventricles in schizophrenic twin (to the left). Abnormal activity in frontal lobe, thalamus, amygdala
7 Why do brain abnormalities occur? Possibly due to prenatal problems Low birth weight Birth complications Infections during pregnancy, especially influenza during fetal development
8 Possible Causes (Etiology) of Schizophrenia Biological Factors Likelihood of someone suffering from schizophrenia is 50% if their identical twin has the disorder. Genain Quadruplets Identical Both parents Fraternal One parent Sibling Nephew or niece Unrelated
9 Possible Causes (Etiology) of Schizophrenia Psychological & Sociocultural Factors Learned maladaptive behavior Disturbed family communication Continuous environmental triggers High emotion levels, anxiety, judgement, pressure. These factors alone are not enough to CAUSE schizophrenia; there must be a predisposition. Diathesis stress model
10 Treatment for Schizophrenia Antipsychotic Medications Typical: Reduce positive symptoms (Thorazine, Haldol) Atypical: Reduce positive and negative symptoms (Abilify) Psychosocial Coping strategies for daily challenges (social interactions, etc) Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Learn how to test the reality of thoughts & perceptions
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