Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010
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1 Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
2 Unit 12: Abnormal Psychology
3 Unit Overview Perspectives on Psychological Disorders Anxiety Disorders Somatoform Disorders Dissociative Disorders Mood Disorders Schizophrenia Personality Disorders Rates of Disorder Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.
4 Introduction How should we define psychological disorders? How should we understand disorders? How should we classify psychological disorders?
5 Perspectives on Psychological Disorders
6 Defining Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders Deviant behavior Distressful behavior Harmful dysfunctional behavior Definition varies by context/culture Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
7 Understanding Psychological Disorders The Medical Model Philippe Pinel Medical model Mental illness (psychopathology)
8 Understanding Psychological Disorders The Biopsychosocial Approach Interaction of nature and nurture Influence of culture on disorders
9 Classifying Psychological Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) DSM-IV-TR DSM-5 International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) Criticisms of the DSM
10 Classifying Psychological Disorders
11
12 Classifying Psychological Disorders
13 Classifying Psychological Disorders
14 Classifying Psychological Disorders
15 Classifying Psychological Disorders
16 Classifying Psychological Disorders
17 The Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychological Disorders
18 The Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychological Disorders
19 The Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychological Disorders
20 The Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychological Disorders
21 Labeling Psychological Disorders Rosenhan s study Power of labels Preconception can stigmatize Insanity label Stereotypes of the mentally ill Self-fulfilling prophecy
22 Anxiety Disorders
23 Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders Generalized anxiety disorder Panic disorder Phobia Obsessive-compulsive disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder
24 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Generalized anxiety disorder 2/3 women Free floating anxiety
25 Panic Disorder Panic disorder Panic attacks
26 Phobias Phobias Specific phobia Social phobia Agoraphobia
27 Phobias
28 Phobias
29 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder An obsession versus a compulsion Checkers Hand washers
30 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
31 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
32 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
33 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
34 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
35 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD shellshock or battle fatigue Not just due to a war situation Post-traumatic growth
36 Understanding Anxiety Disorders The Learning Perspective Fear conditioning Stimulus generalization Reinforcement Observational learning
37 Understanding Anxiety Disorders The Biological Perspective Natural selection Genes Anxiety gene Glutamate The Brain Anterior cingulate cortex
38 Somatoform Disorders
39 Somatoform Disorder Somatoform disorder Somatic (body) Conversion disorder Hypochondriasis
40 Dissociative Disorders
41 Dissociative Disorders Dissociative disorders Fugue state Dissociate (become separated)
42 Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative identity disorder (DID) Multiple personality disorder
43 Understanding Dissociative Identity Disorder Genuine disorder or not? DID rates Therapist s creation Differences are too great DID and other disorders
44 Mood Disorders
45 Mood Disorders Mood disorders Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder
46 Major Depressive Disorder Major depressive disorder Lethargy Feelings of worthlessness Loss of interest in family and friends Loss of interest in activities
47 Major Depressive Disorder
48 Major Depressive Disorder
49 Major Depressive Disorder
50 Bipolar Disorder Mania (manic) Bipolar Disorder Overtalkative, overactive, elated, little need for sleep, etc. Bipolar disorder and creativity
51 Understanding Mood Disorders Many behavioral and cognitive changes accompany depression Depression is widespread Compared with men, women are nearly twice as vulnerable to major depression Most major depressive episodes self-terminate Stressful events related to work, marriage and close relationships often precede depression With each new generation, depression is striking earlier and affecting more people
52 Understanding Mood Disorders
53 Understanding Mood Disorders The Biological Perspective Genetic Influences Mood disorders run in families Heritability Linkage analysis The depressed brain Biochemical influences Norepinephrine and serotonin
54 Understanding Mood Disorders The Biological Perspective
55 Understanding Mood Disorders The Biological Perspective
56 Understanding Mood Disorders The Biological Perspective
57 Understanding Mood Disorders The Social-Cognitive Perspective Negative Thoughts and Moods Interact Self-defeating beliefs Learned helplessness Overthinking Explanatory style Stable, global, internal explanations Cause versus indictor of depression?
58 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
59 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
60 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
61 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
62 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
63 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
64 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
65 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
66 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
67 Understanding Mood Disorders Explanatory Style
68 Understanding Mood Disorders The Social-Cognitive Perspective Depression s Vicious Cycle Stressful experience Negative explanatory style Depressed mood Cognitive and behavioral changes
69 Understanding Mood Disorders The Vicious Cycle of Depression
70 Understanding Mood Disorders The Vicious Cycle of Depression
71 Understanding Mood Disorders The Vicious Cycle of Depression
72 Understanding Mood Disorders The Vicious Cycle of Depression
73 Biopsychosocial Approach to Depression
74 Biopsychosocial Approach to Depression
75 Biopsychosocial Approach to Depression
76 Biopsychosocial Approach to Depression
77 Schizophrenia
78 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia (split mind) Not multiple personalities
79 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disorganized Thinking Disorganized thinking Delusions Delusions of persecution (paranoid)\word Salad Breakdown in selective attention
80 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Disturbed Perceptions Disturbed perceptions Hallucinations hearing voices
81 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Inappropriate Emotions and Actions Inappropriate Emotions Flat affect Inappropriate Actions Catatonia Disruptive social behavior
82 Types of Schizophrenia
83 Types of Schizophrenia
84 Types of Schizophrenia
85 Types of Schizophrenia
86 Types of Schizophrenia
87 Types of Schizophrenia
88 Onset and Development Statistics on schizophrenia Onset of the disease Positive versus negative symptoms Chronic (process) schizophrenia Acute (reactive) schizophrenia
89 Understanding Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities Dopamine Overactivity Dopamine D4 dopamine receptor Dopamine blocking drugs Glutamate
90 Understanding Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities Abnormal Brain Activity and Anatomy Frontal lobe and core brain activity Fluid filled areas of the brain
91 Understanding Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities Maternal Virus During Pregnancy Studies on maternal activity and schizophrenia Influence of the flu during pregnancy
92 Understanding Schizophrenia Genetic Factors Genetic predisposition Twin studies Genetics and environmental influences
93 Understanding Schizophrenia Psychological Factors Possible warning signs Mother severely schizophrenic Birth complications (low weight/oxygen deprivation) Separation from parents Short attention span Poor muscle coordination Disruptive or withdrawn behavior Emotional unpredictability Poor peer relations and solo play
94 Personality Disorders
95 Personality Disorders Personality disorders Anxiety cluster Eccentric cluster Dramatic/impulsive cluster
96 Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial personality disorder Sociopath or psychopath Understanding antisocial personality disorder
97 Rates of Disorder
98 Rates of Disorder Mental health statistics Influence of poverty Other factors
99 The End
100 Types of Files Teacher Information This presentation has been saved as a basic Powerpoint file. While this file format placed a few limitations on the presentation, it insured the file would be compatible with the many versions of Powerpoint teachers use. To add functionality to the presentation, teachers may want to save the file for their specific version of Powerpoint. Animation Once again, to insure compatibility with all versions of Powerpoint, none of the slides are animated. To increase student interest, it is suggested teachers animate the slides wherever possible. Adding slides to this presentation Teachers are encouraged to adapt this presentation to their personal teaching style. To help keep a sense of continuity, blank slides which can be copied and pasted to a specific location in the presentation follow this Teacher Information section.
101 Teacher Information Hyperlink Slides - This presentation contain two types of hyperlinks. Hyperlinks can be identified by the text being underlined and a different color (usually purple). Unit subsections hyperlinks: Immediately after the unit title slide, a page (slide #3) can be found listing all of the unit s subsections. While in slide show mode, clicking on any of these hyperlinks will take the user directly to the beginning of that subsection. This allows teachers quick access to each subsection. Bold print term hyperlinks: Every bold print term from the unit is included in this presentation as a hyperlink. While in slide show mode, clicking on any of the hyperlinks will take the user to a slide containing the formal definition of the term. Clicking on the arrow in the bottom left corner of the definition slide will take the user back to the original point in the presentation. These hyperlinks were included for teachers who want students to see or copy down the exact definition as stated in the text. Most teachers prefer the definitions not be included to prevent students from only copying down what is on the screen and not actively listening to the presentation. For teachers who continually use the Bold Print Term Hyperlinks option, please contact the author using the address on the next slide to learn a technique to expedite the returning to the original point in the presentation.
102 Teacher Information Continuity slides Throughout this presentation there are slides, usually of graphics or tables, that build on one another. These are included for three purposes. By presenting information in small chunks, students will find it easier to process and remember the concepts. By continually changing slides, students will stay interested in the presentation. To facilitate class discussion and critical thinking. Students should be encouraged to think about what might come next in the series of slides. Please feel free to contact me at with any questions, concerns, suggestions, etc. regarding these presentations. Kent Korek Germantown High School Germantown, WI
103 xxx Division title (green print) subdivision title (blue print) xxx xxx
104 Division title (green print) subdivision title (blue print) Use this slide to add a table, chart, clip art, picture, diagram, or video clip. Delete this box when finished
105 = add definition here Definition Slide
106 Definition Slides
107 Psychological Disorder = deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
108 Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) = a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
109 Medical Model = the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured often through treatment in a hospital.
110 DSM-IV-TR = the American Psychiatric Association s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, updated as of 2000 text revision ; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.
111 Anxiety Disorders = psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
112 Generalized Anxiety Disorder = an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
113 Panic Disorder = an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
114 Phobia = an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
115 Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD) = an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).
116 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) = an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
117 Post-traumatic Growth = positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.
118 Somatoform Disorder = psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.
119 Conversion Disorder = a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no psychological basis can be found.
120 Hypochondriasis = a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of the disease.
121 Dissociative Disorders = disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
122 Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) = a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorder.
123 Mood Disorders = psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
124 Major Depressive Disorder = a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.
125 Mania = a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
126 Bipolar Disorder = a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. (formerly called manicdepressive disorder.)
127 Schizophrenia = a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.
128 Delusions = false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
129 Personality Disorders = psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
130 Antisocial Personality Disorder = a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.
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