From bio-guided to personalized oncology
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1 From bio-guided to personalized oncology Rafii A Département de chirurgie Gynécologique, université de montpellier Department of Genetic Medicine, WCMC
2 NO CONFLICT OF INTEREST
3 Personalized genomic based medicine Diagnostic THERAPEUTIQUE Breast and ovarian cancer: BRCA Colon Cancer: HNPCC Endometrial Cancer: Lynch Hormone receptor: SERM, anti-aromatase Her2 amplification and herceptin, KRAS in colorecta cancer: cetumximab, pamitumumab EGFR mutation or amplification in NSCLC: EGFR inhibitor BRAF in melanoma Bcr-abl: Glivec
4 Predictive Factors: Improving treatment choice Pronostic factors: Treating less patients
5 What informations do we obtain?
6 BIOLOGY Gene expressed by the tumor at a specific timepoint Chromosome abnormalities of the specimen biopsied The mutational profile of the tumor biopsied
7 Principle 1: The signaling pathways implicated in survival and progression are regulated by genomic, genetic and epigenetic alterations Driver vs passenger mutation Direct target Herceptin From Garraway L. JCO PARP Inhibitor Indirect target Melanoma Pancreas Ras Colon CDKN2A PI3K CDK inhibitor PI3K targeted From L Garraway
8 Principle 2: Agents targeting the common pathway disrupted in cancers are available In 2004: 11 targeted therapies from 4 categoriesenter clinical trials IN2012: 15 FDA approval, 150 are in trials For the first time biology matches therapeutics From L Garraway
9 Principle 3 : technology matches clinical timeframe FAST RUN In house computational biologists Ovary
10 70% of N- patients and 40 to 50% of N+ are cured by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Most of them will recieve hormonal therapy or chemotherapy.
11 Breast cancer and genomic
12 Selected genes Estrogen Proliferation HER2 Invasion Others Refernce ER PR Bcl2 SCUBE2 Ki-67 STK15 Survivin Cyclin B1 MYBL2 GRB7 HER2 Stromelysin 3 Cathepsin L2 CD68 GSTM1 BAG1 Beta-actin GAPDH RPLPO GUS TFRC -BCL2 : antiapoptotique / induite par ER+ -Scube 2 : angiogénèse?invasion? -STK15 = Aurora A kinase, ser/thr K phase G2-> M -Survivin : anti apoptotique -Cyclin B: cycle -MYBL2 : FT interagit Rb, en amont cyclin A -GRB7 : prot adaptatrice domaine SH2 -Stromelysin MMProtéinase -Cathepsin L2 : protéinase -CD68 : fixation sélectine / Scavenger receptors -BAG1: proteosomal protein, apoptose? -Gluthathione-Stransferase Mu1 : métab/ détox housekeeping
13 Etude d impact décisionnel SWITCH Multicentric prospective trial Objectives: mesure the impact of Oncotype Dx on therapeutic decision sin patinents ER+, HER2- Gligorov et al, ASCO 2012.
14 Genetic profiling 46 years old women Past medical history of sarcoma at 24 Years Breast IDC, 2 CM, Classical approach Lumpectomy, sentinel node
15 Personalized approach Emergency sequencing Germline p53 mutation Bilateral mastectomy, sentinel node and Immediate reconstruction
16 When should we evaluate the familal risk? 3 or more breast cancers 1 breast cancer associated to I ovarian cancer 1 breast cancer ine a man Bilateral breast cancer or under 40 1 breast cancer< 35 ans or triple neg <50 or medullaire, 1 ovarian adenocarcinoma< 60 RPC St-Paul 2011
17 When should we evaluate the familail risk? Weird cases? 100+ Risque Cumulé (%) BRCA Cancer ovarien Sporadique+ Age MC King ASCO 2008
18
19 (*) Genome-wide association study : Etudes pan-génomique Breast cancer and genomic Situations Cliniques Présent Futur Risk/ early diagnostics Localized cancer BRCA 1, 2. Expression Prediciting response to therapy (Chemo) GWAS* Epigénomix Profiling Cell Free DNA NGS Advanced Cancer CTCs ctdna NGS characterization of tumor
20
21 Circos Plot P1, Difference Data Lymph node-ovary Lymph node-peritoneum
22 Why should I be interested by this? A" Genome"Targeted"A,"B,"C"," D."Z" A"Vs"B" A " B " C " Phase"1" Randomised"to" personalized"
23 Integration of clinical context Genomic analysis based on the clinical context Biology based contextualized treatment ICARE DYNACT Feedback system
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