Subject Index. antigens surface 132 antimicrobial resistance 60 - therapy 352 atrophy 266 azythromycin 54

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1 acid hypersecretion protection secretion 275 acidity intragastric 274 acridine orange stain 188 adherence bacterial of Helicobacter pylori 111, 113 adhesins 12, 63 adhesion 70, pedestals 11 agglutination assay bacterial 38 - inhibition assays 106 agglutinins 70 aggregates, lymphocyte 216 alcohol 275 ammonia 65 amoxicillin 51,53,54,141,202,329,330,332, 333, 384, 38~ 391, 39~ 395, 396, 398, 39~ 400, 406, 438, 439, 450, 451 ampicillin 54 animal experimental model model 371 antacids 441 antibiotic 55,56,131,328,348,366,391,427, resistance 56 - therapy toxicity 392 antibodies 141, anti-helicobacter pylori 139, anticytotoxin 91, 94, anti-urease monoclonal 83 - circulating response class IgA 162, IgG 162, cytotoxin 94 - IgG 173, 174, 185, IgGl monoclonal 81, 192, serum 88 - systemic response urease 83 antigenic specificity 164 antigens surface 132 antimicrobial resistance 60 - therapy 352 atrophy 266 azythromycin 54 beta -lactams 55 bicarbonate 276 bile acids 118, reflux 375 biopsy 152, 450 bismuth 51,328,351,365,384,391,395,399, 409,411,415,429,431,435,438 - absorption biovailability chemistry colloidal particles subcitrate 193,202, 333, 347, 348, 382, 388, 398, 406, 410, 427, 436, 438, compound physicochemical form compounds 389, 427, toxic effect toxicity elimination encephalopathy molecular mechanism molecules neurotoxicity oxychloride plasma concentration polymeric structures precipitates safety profile salt 56, 409, 413, biochemical actions physiological actions precipitation phenomena toxicity soluble precipitation subcitrate 66, subsalicylate 52, 329, 330, 382, 388, 430, 442,444 - therapy 443

2 472 - toxicity compounds treatment uptake 428 CBS 54, 332, 333, 399, 400, 430, 444, C-urea C-urea breath test 81, 406, 454, 455, C-urea breath test 81,139, ,406 ',, Campylobacter coli 14, 77, 85, 104, fetus genus 9 - jejuni 9, 14, 20, 21, 77, 85, biochemical and cultural features ultrastructural features 5 - jejuni growth conditions 7 - perfringens pylori 3 - species 36, 52, 54, 192 carbohydrate mucin structures 103 carcinoma 451 catalase 6 cell chief endocrine epithelial gastric epithelial 115, metaplastic He La 112, mast metaplastic 281,286,287,288 - parietal 314, plasma 183, sonicates 164, 157 cellular fatty acid 5 chemistry 410 chemotherapy antibacterial 56 childhood 39 children 182, with Helicobacter pylori infection 403 CIM 445 cimetidine 351, 382, 389, 399, 444 ciprofloxacin 51, 53 clostridium difficile 86, 392 coccal forms 37, 130 coccoid forms 59 coccoidal forms 60 colonization mucosa antral 229 combination therapy 56 complement fixation 38 crypts duodenal 287 crystalline structures 69 culture 191,207 - technique 29 cytopathic effect 13, 14 cytoprotective 390 cytotoxic 87,89, 160, effects 46 cytotoxicity 256 cytotoxin 13, 14, 46, 63, 67, , 346 ',,, - production 89 diagnosis 156 diagnostic tests methodologies noninvasive 40 diet in duodenal ulcer 272 DNA 25 - digestion 24 - electrophoresis 24 - epitope sequence fingerprinting 25 - Hybridization 4 - insert plasmid extraction 25 - preparation 24 - recombinant techniques 19 - restriction 26, restriction endonuclease sequences 19, 75, 77 ' drug antimicrobial 383, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory 181, 276, 342 duodenal crypts epithelium inflammation 303, tissue 11 - ulcer 181,182,228,230,234,256,271,297, 300, 307, 308, 323, 327, 335, 341, 345, 351, 357, 382, 390, 404, disease 273, 277, 342, 356, gastric acid secretion formation pathogenesis 272, 273, relapse 331, 334, 395, 445, synthesis villus 281 duodenitis 296, 302, 304, active 303, 346, chronic non-specific 279 duodenum inflammation 302 dyspepsia 147, 148, 150, non ulcer 149, 199,309, 361, 364, 365, 367,376, 381,434,435, dysplasia 254, 255, 451 " edema 196 electron microscopy 29, 37, 59, 464 ELISA 38,112,113,114,123,137,138,139, 142,143,159,161,162,164,167,172,467 - technique 176 emptyi~g gastric 306, 308, 323, 375, 376 endocrine cell 248

3 endoscopic 213, abnormalities appearance 198, findings lesions topography 240 endoscopically 196 endoscopies follow-up 453 endoscopy 148,150,152,155,157,403,453, 454,455 enteric nerve function 372 enterocytes migrating 288 enzyme immunoassay technique 43 - micro titer assays 112 epidemiologic studies 224, 348 epidemiological data 345 epidemiology 151, 405, 464 epidermal growth factor 290, 355 epithelial cell 110 eradication 333, 363, 384, 407, 451 erosion 196,237,261 - gastric 94 erythema 196 erythromycin 53, 54, 391 Escherichia coli 12, 13, 14, 19,20,24,25,26, 86, 103, 190 factors adhesive colonization 112, disease-causing 128 ferrets 122 flagella 32, 43, 64, 164 flagellar filaments 34 flexispira rappini 3 fluoroquinolones 51 follicle lymphoid 184, 185,216,218,219 furazolidone 54, 439 gastric acid secretion 274, 324, acidity cancer 17,150,155,257,268 - emptying 306, 308, 323, 375, epithelial cell 115, epithelium juice metaplasia in the duodenum 347, 355, metaplastic cell mucosa 54, mucus ultrastructure secretion spiral bacteria 84 - ulcer 228,233,234,235,271, 306, 352, 375, 444,446 ga~rin 250, 252, 255, 273, 314, 317, 321, and duodenal ulcer disease cell hyperplasia release 323, secretion 355 gastrinoma 341 gastritis 23, 54, 85, 118, 122, 123, 125, 183, 185,209,224,226,230,266 - activity acute (erosive) acute antral activity degree type B atrophic 200, type A 248, type A chronic type B autoimmune-type chronic body activity degree cancer-associated 254, chronic 86,92,94,177,184,200,223,237, 260, active 201, 242, erosive histological grading of activity classification 259, Crohn-associated endoscopic aspects eosinophilic 200, grade granulomatous histologic aspects classification in childhood in peptic ulcer disease lymphocytic 200, 217, 220, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, micronodular morphological aspects peptic ulcer reflux 200, 241, 263, topography type A 217,246,253,261,262 - type B 38,110,139,193,206,225,262,324, 376, type C varioliform 240,241,242 - ulcer relationship 224 gastropathy 196 gastroscopy 450 gastrospirillum hominis 7, 267 Giemsa stain 188, 189, 191, 193, 245 glycocalyx 69 glycoprotein synthesis 337 glycoproteins 129, 206 gnotiobiotic pigs 14 Gram stains 190

4 474 granulocytes neutrophil 230, 233 growth 41 H2 antagonists 52, 56, 156, 185, 390, blockers 123, 256, 450, receptor antagonists 328,347,395,396,441 Helicobacter 8 - felis 14, 16 - genus 7 - mustelae 3,4, 5, 14, 59, biochemical and cultural features growth conditions ultrastructural features 5 - pathogenesis 19 - pylori 3, 5, 13, acquired resistance acute infection adherence 111, adhesion and chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer and natural history and nonulcer dyspepsia 362, and relapse animal models anti IgO antibodies 124,160, antigen epitope associated gastritis 51,261,267,345, ulcer disease atypical forms 30, biochemical and cultural features biology by different toxins strains cell-free extracts cellular fatty acid composition change of name chromosomal DNA chronic infection clearance 381, coccal forms 29, colonization 116,129,176,198,228,230, 267, 274, 335, 356, gastric inflammation therapy cytotoxic organism cytotoxigenicity cytotoxin diagnosis 38, DNA DNA restriction endonuclease analysis drug resistance duodenal mucosa duodenitis dyspepsia ecology epidemiology 38, eradication 66, 177, 348, 365, 399, 427, 438,439,446,451,452,453,455, fatty acid composition fecal-oral transmission fingerprinting methods flagellin gastrin release gastritis 53, 182, 213, and chronic duodenal ulcer endoscopic abnormalities in children in nonulcer dyspepsia gastroduodenal motility genetic growth conditions haemagglutination hemagglutination IgO-ELISA in duodenal biopsy specimens in duodenal ulcer 346, in gastric cancer in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer in the pediatric population in ulcer disease infected antral epithelium infection 308, 335, 396, acquired resistance and peptic ulcer antibiotics bismuth salts epidemiologic characteristics in children status transmission treatment infections infection eradicate lectin typing lipopolysaccharide local antibody response local immune response molecular cloning morphology negative duodenal ulcer negative duodenal ulcer patients nonulcer dyspepsia pathogenesis pathogenetic factor in peptic ulcer pathogenic mechanisms pathogenicity persistent infection phospholipids positive gastritis children positive type B gastritis 253

5 - - protein molecular reactivation related duodenal ulcer related duodenal ulceration research resistance serologic testing serology 147, 150, sexual transmission specific epitopes 19, status strain identification strains 42, surface antigens therapy toxonomy typing ultrastructural fcatures 5, ultrastructure urease 21,22,46, 78, DNA sequence enzyme gene 74, structure virulence 43,46, factors with non ulcer dyspepsia mucus of incubation in vitro associated non ulcer dyspepsia lectin binding positive non ulcer dyspepsia related dyspepsia 202 hemagglutination 38,99, 101, activity (HA) assay 97, fibrillar (HA) pattern 100 hemagglutinin fibrillar 113 hemagglutinins 96 - fibrillar 116 heterogeneity serologic 42 heterotopia gastric 295 histologic findings 203 histological methods 188 hormones gut 370 hyperchlorhydria 356 hypergastrinaemia 256,273, 319, 320, 321, 324 hyperpepsinogenaemia I familial 317 hyperpepsinogenemia 315 hyperplasia 247, 248, hypersecretion gastric 319 hypochlorhydria 14, 314, 315 hypomotility antral 375 IgA 172, producing plasma 217 IgE plasma cells 242 IgG 172 immune gastric response host responses humoral response local reaction response 132, 164, 176, regulation response responses system systemic response 176 immunity cell-mediated gastric humoral 218 immunoblot 114,137,138,167,169 - analysis 168 immunoblotting 159, assay 91 immunofluorescence indirect 38 immunoglobulin 214 immunoglobulins 142, 220 immunohistochemistry 213 immunohistological patterns 213, 219 immunoperoxidase method 214 immunoregulation 165 immunosorbent assay enzyme-linked 137 infection in vitro 127 infiltration lymphocytic polymorphonuclear 201 infiltrations neutrophil polymorph 228 inflammatory activity bowel disease reaction 235 inhibitory minimum concentration 397 interferon-gamma recombinant 219 Klebsiella 22 - aero genes 77 lectin binding binding patterns like interactions typing 108 lectins 103, 105, 106 lipases 67 lipids biliary 118, 120 lipolytic activity 63 lipopolysaccharides 45 lipoprotein structure 35 local immune response 85 lymphocytes 183,230 - intraepithelial 237,261 lysolecithin 120 Macaca mulatta nemestrina 123 macrolides 53, 54 metabolism glycoprotein 209,

6 476 metaplasia 256, epithelial gastric 248, 279, 289, 290, 292, 293, 294, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 302, 304, 318, 319, 327, 337, 340, 351, in duodenal mucosa intestinal 12, 206, 247, 250, 252, 254, 260, 261, type 246, pyloric 253 metaplastic cell 12, 281, 286, 287, 288 methods microbiological serological 188 metronidazole 50, 51, 53, 141, 320, 384, 385, 396,398,399,407,438,439 - resistance 392, 399,400 microscopy electron 87 microvilli ultrastructural appearance 69 models in vivo 133 molecular biology 60 - cloning 167 monoclonal antibodies 164 motility 63, 64, 129, 275, 357, abnormal abnormalities altered changes duodenal gastric gastritis gastroduodenal 306, gastrointestinal 310, interdigestive postprandial 307 motor disorders 375 mucin gastric depletion 203 mucosa gastric atrophic heterotopic immunocompetence inflammation gut adhesins 96 mucosal gastric barrier 103, biopsy resistance 223 mucus 65, degradation 13 - gastric layer layer 12 - production bicarbonate barrier 275 neutrophil granulocytes 230, polymorphonuclear 183 nitrofurantoin 391 nitroimidazole 395 nitroimidazoles 50, 55 norfloxacin 51 normochlorhydria 315 NSAIDs 155, 156, 157 non ulcer dyspepsia 383 oesophagitis 151 ofloxacin 51, 52, 382, 442 omeprazole 384, 459, 468 Paneth's cells 287 parietal cell 314, function during 313 pathogenesis 110, 118 pathogenic mechanisms 132 pediatric gastroenterologists population 407 pepsin secretion 312 pepsinogen I serum 312 pepsinogens 321 peptic ulcer 94, 122, 149, 150, 156,224,235, 266, 306, disease 17, 38, 110, 155, 157, 268, 308, 370, 373, 388, relapse treatment etiology etiology 306 peptidoglycan layer 36 phagocytosis 87 phospholipase 67 - A2 120,121 phospholipids 45 pig barrier-born model gnotobiotic 123, 127 piglet gnotobiotic model 186 pigs 122, 123 pirenzepine 441 pivampicillin 53 plasmacytosis 216 plasmids 86, 89 polymerase chain reaction 75, 77 polymorphism 130 prevalence 39 prostaglandin 277 proteases 63, 65, 120 protein electrophoresis 25 Proteus 22 proteus mirabilis 77 Proteus vulgaris 14 quinolones 55

7 RAN 445 ranitidine 52, 329, 330, 332, 385, 442 recrudescence 393 reflux duodenogastric 120, 306, 375 reinfection 393 relapse rate rates 427 resistance 51, 60 - to antimicrobial agents 384 resistant mutants 51, 52 restriction endonuclease 25 rhesus monkeys 122 RNA ribosomal genes 27 rrna gene 27 - hybridization 59 scanning electron micrograph 12, microscopy 30, 37 screening 149, 157 serological assays 139 serology 137,139,147,148,149,152,154,155, 157,172,175,176,177 serotyping 104 serum antibodies IgA IgG pepsinogens 275 smoking 275 smooth muscle contractility contraction inflammation 371 southern blot hybridization 26 - blotting 24 - hybridization 24 spherical forms 35 spiral organisms 7 stain immunoperoxidase 192, 193 staphylococcus 22 sucralfate 441 surface bacterial cell extracts 98 - epithelial cells epithelium gastric epithelial mucous cells 67, 68, 69, 70 surgery and H. pylori 335 susceptibility in vitro 49 techniques immunofluorescence immunohistological serologic serological 142 test diagnostic serologic 137, serological 152, 154 tests noninvasive 148 tetracycline 51, 438, 450 therapy 149, antibacterial 441, combination 56 tinidazole 50, 351 toxic strains 13 toxigenicity tests in vitro 93 toxin 91 - production 128, vacuolating 159 toxins 93 - bacterial 256 transformation of the duodenal epithelium 298 transmission of bacterial infections 130 treatment 381, 391, 399,406,450,454 treatments and side effects 383 triple therapy ulcer acute healing disease pathogenesis duodenal 228, 230, 234, pathophysiology formation gastric 228,233,234,235,271, 306, 352, 375, 444, healing kinetics rates pathogenesis peptic 94,122,149,150,156,224,235,266, 306, disease 110,155,157,268,308,370,373, 388, 446 relapse treatment etiology pyloric relapse 443, 445 ulcerogenic factor 235 ulcer duodenal 181, gastric 182 ultrastructural investigations 252 urease 6,63,65,77, 82, 83, 84, 85, 116, 120, 143, activity 21, 65, 83, 91, 112, bacterial 22 - ELISA expression 20 - rapid test region nucleotide sequence 20 - subunits 77 - test ultrastructural localization 66 vaccines living oral 20 vacuolating toxin 90

8 478 vagotomy selective proximal 335, 338 vibrio sp 36 virulence 71 virulence factors 43, 46, 60, 220, 466 Warthin-Starry 188, 207, 213 western blot 116 Wolinella succinogenes 3, biochemical and cultural features growth conditions 7 Yersinia enterocolitica 103 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 341,342,343,356

Helicobacter pylori:an Emerging Pathogen

Bacteriology at UW-Madison Bacteriology 330 Home Page Helicobacter pylori:an Emerging Pathogen by Karrie Holston, Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-Madison Description of Helicobacter