6 th Reprint Manual Pages AJCC 7 th Edition

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1 6 th Reprint Manual Pages AJCC 7 th Edition

2 AJCC 7 th Edition Errata for 6 th Reprint Table 1 Manual No Significant Staging Clarifications for 6 th Reprint

3 AJCC 7 th Edition Errata for 6 th Reprint Table 2 Manual

4 Hypopharynx Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and 2 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor invades more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measures more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx Tumor more than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus T4a Moderately advanced local disease Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue* T4b Very advanced local disease Tumor invades prevertebral fascia, encases carotid artery, or involves mediastinal structures *Note: Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. FIGURE 4.2. Shaded triangular area corresponds to the supraclavicular fossa used in staging carcinoma of the nasopharynx. 4 Regional Lymph Nodes (N) Nasopharynx The distribution and the prognostic impact of regional lymph node spread from nasopharynx cancer, particularly of the undifferentiated type, are different from those of other head and neck mucosal cancers and justify the use of a different N classification scheme. NX N0 N1 N2 N3 N3a N3b Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed No regional lymph node metastasis Unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), 6 cm or less in greatest dimension, above the supraclavicular fossa, and/or unilateral or bilateral, retropharyngeal lymph nodes, 6 cm or less, in greatest dimension* Bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), 6 cm or less in greatest dimension, above the supraclavicular fossa* Metastasis in a lymph node(s)* >6 cm and/or to supraclavicular fossa* Greater than 6 cm in dimension Extension to the supraclavicular fossa** *Note: Midline nodes are considered ipsilateral nodes. **Note: Supraclavicular zone or fossa is relevant to the staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and is the triangular region originally described by Ho. It is defined by three points: (1) the superior margin of the sternal end of the clavicle, (2) the superior margin of the lateral end of the clavicle, (3) the point where the neck meets the shoulder (Figure 4.2). Note that this would incl ude caudal portions of levels IV and VB. All cases with lymph nodes (whole or part) in the fossa are considered N3b. Regional Lymph Nodes (N)* Oropharynx and Hypopharynx NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension N2 Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension N2a Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension N2b Metastasis in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension N2c Metastasis in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension N3 Metastasis in a lymph node more than 6 cm in greatest dimension *Note: Metastases at level VII are considered regional lymph node metastases. Distant Metastasis (M) M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Pharynx 45

5 from a single institution, containing cases predominantly treated surgically. Repeated iterations of the TNM staging system had seen recommendations for lung cancer staging evolve with little internal validation and no external validation of the descriptors or the stage groupings. Increasingly reports from other databases challenged some of the descriptors and stage groupings. In preparation for this 7th edition of the staging manual, the IASLC established a Lung Cancer Staging Project in 1998 to bring together the large databases available worldwide to inform recommendations for revision that would be intensively validated. The results of this project were accepted by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) and the AJCC as the primary source for revisions of the lung cancer staging system in the 7th editions of their staging manuals. The IASLC lung cancer database includes cases from 46 sources in more than 19 countries, diagnosed between 1990 and 2000 and treated by all modalities of care. A total of 100,869 cases were submitted to the data center at Cancer Research and Biostatistics (Seattle, WA, USA). After an initial sift to exclude cases outside the study period, those for whom cell type was not known, cases not newly diagnosed at the point of entry, and those with inadequate information on stage, treatment, or follow-up, 81,015 cases remained for analysis. Of these, 67,725 were NSCLC and 13,290 were SCLC. The analyses of the T, N, and M descriptors and the subsequent analysis of TNM subsets and stage groupings were derived from the cases of NSCLC and subsequently validated also in the SCLC cases and carcinoids. Survival was measured from the date of entry (date of diagnosis for registries, date of registration for protocols) for clinically staged data and the date of surgery for pathologically staged data and was calculated by the Kaplan Meier method. Prognostic groups were assessed by Cox regression analysis. Where the analyses showed descriptors to have a prognosis that differed from the other descriptors in any T or M category, two alternative strategies were considered: (1) Retain that descriptor in the existing category, identified by alphabetical subscripts. For example, additional pulmonary nodules in the lobe of the primary, considered to be T4 in the 6th edition, would become T4a, whereas additional pulmonary nodules in other ipsilateral lobes, designed as M1 in the 6th edition, would become M1a. (2) Allow descriptors to move between categories, to a category containing other descriptors with a similar prognosis, e.g., additional pulmonary nodules in the lobe of the primary would move from T4 to, and additional pulmonary nodules in other ipsilateral lobes would move from M1 to T4. The first strategy had the advantage of allowing, to a large extent, retrograde compatibility with existing databases. Unfortunately, this generated a large number of descriptors (approximately 20) and an impractically large number of TNM subsets (>180). For this reason, backward compatibility was compromised and strategy (2) was preferred for its clinical utility. A small number of candidate stage grouping schemes were developed initially using a recursive partitioning and amalgamation algorithm. The analysis grouped cases based on best stage (pathologic, if available, otherwise clinical) after determination of best-split points based on overall survival FIGURE Survival in all NSCLC by TNM stage (according to best based on a combination of clinical and pathologic staging. on indicator variables for the newly presented TM categories and an ordered variable for N category, excluding NX cases (Figures 25.4 and 25.5 ). The analysis was performed on a randomly selected training set comprising two-thirds of the available data that met the requirements for conversion to newly presented T and M categories, reserving the other one-third of cases for later validation. The random selection process was stratified by type of database submission and time period of case entry ( vs ). Selection of a final stage grouping proposal from among the candidate schemes was done based on its statistical properties in the training set and its relevance to clinical practice and by consensus. Table 25.2 shows a comparison of the 6th edition and 7th edition TNM for lung cancer to assure clarity for the user. The final 7th edition TNM is described in the Definitions of TNM section that follows. PROGNOSTIC FEATURES The IASLC lung cancer database, although retrospective, provides the largest published analyses of prognostic factors in both NSCLC and SCLC. Potentially useful prognostic variables for lung cancer survival that were considered included: TNM FIGURE Survival in all SCLC by TNM stage (according to best stage based on a combination of clinical and pathologic staging in the IASLC lung database). 25 Lung 261

6 DEFINITIONS OF TNM Primary Tumor (T) Primary tumor cannot be assessed, or tumor proven by the presence of malignant cells in sputum or bronchial washings but not visualized by imaging or bronchoscopy No evidence of primary tumor Carcinoma in situ Tumor 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura, without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus)* a Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension b Tumor more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor more than 3 cm but 7 cm or less or tumor with any of the following features ( tumors with these features are classified a if 5 cm or less); Involves main bronchus, 2 cm or more distal to the carina; Invades visceral pleura (PL1 or PL2); Associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung a Tumor more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension b Tumor more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina* but without involvement of the carina; or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe T4 Tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe *The uncommon superficial spreading tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximally to the main bronchus, is also classified as a. Regional Lymph Nodes (N) NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastases N1 Metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension N2 Metastasis in ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node(s) N3 Metastasis in contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph node(s) Distant Metastasis (M) M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis M1a Separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe tumor with pleural nodules or malignant pleural (or pericardial) effusion* M1b Distant metastasis (in extrathoracic organs) From Goldstraw P, Crowley J, Chansky K, et al.: The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for the revision of the TNM stage groupings in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumours. J Thorac Oncol 2: , 2007, with permission. * Most pleural (and pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are due to tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple cytopathologic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and is not an exudate. Where these elements and clinical judgment dictate that the effusion is not related to the tumor, the effusion should be excluded as a staging element and the patient should be classified as M0. ANATOMIC STAGE/PROGNOSTIC GROUPS Occult carcinoma N0 M0 Stage 0 N0 M0 Stage IA a N0 M0 b N0 M0 Stage IB a N0 M0 Stage IIA b N0 M0 a N1 M0 b N1 M0 a N1 M0 Stage IIB b N1 M0 N0 M0 Stage IIIA a N2 M0 b N2 M0 a N2 M0 b N2 M0 N1 M0 N2 M0 T4 N0 M0 T4 N1 M0 Stage IIIB a N3 M0 b N3 M0 a N3 M0 b N3 M0 N3 M0 T4 N2 M0 T4 N3 M0 Stage IV Any T Any N M1a Any T Any N M1b 25 Lung 263

7 the clinical staging. The rules of staging are similar to those for carcinoma of the cervix. Pathologic Staging. In addition to data used for clinical staging, information available from examination of the resected specimen, including pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, is to be used. The pt, pn, and pm categories correspond to the T, N, and M categories. PROGNOSTIC FEATURES The most significant prognostic factor is anatomic staging, which reflects the extent of invasion into the surrounding tissue or of metastatic spread. DEFINITIONS OF TNM The definitions of the T categories correspond to the stages accepted by the Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d Obstétrique (FIGO). Both systems are included for comparison. Primary Tumor (T) TNM FIGO * Categories Stages * Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma) I Tumor confined to vagina II Tumor invades paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic wall III Tumor extends to pelvic wall ** T4 IVA Tumor invades mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify a tumor as T4) *Note : FIGO no longer includes Stage 0 (). **Note : Pelvic wall is defined as muscle, fascia, neurovascular structures, or skeletal portions of the bony pelvis. On rectal examination, there is no cancer-free space between the tumor and pelvic wall. Regional Lymph Nodes (N) TNM FIGO Categories Stages NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 III Pelvic or inguinal lymph node metastasis Distant Metastasis (M) TNM FIGO Categories Stages M0 No distant metastasis M1 IVB Distant metastasis ANATOMIC STAGE/PROGNOSTIC GROUPS Stage 0 * N0 M0 Stage I N0 M0 Stage II N0 M0 Stage III N1 M0 N0 M0 Stage IVA T4 Any N M0 Stage IVB Any T Any N M1 *Note : FIGO no longer includes Stage 0 (). PROGNOSTIC FACTORS (SITE-SPECIFIC FACTORS) (Recommended for Collection) Required for staging Clinically significant None FIGO Stage Pelvic nodal status and method of assessment Para-aortic nodal status and method of assessment Distant (mediastinal, scalene) nodal status and method of assessment HISTOLOGIC GRADE (G) Grade is reported in registry systems by the grade value. A two-grade, three-grade, or four-grade system may be used. If a grading system is not specified, generally the following system is used: GX G1 G2 G3 G4 Grade cannot be assessed Well differentiated Moderately differentiated Poorly differentiated Undifferentiated HISTOPATHOLOGIC TYPE Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of cancer occurring in the vagina. Approximately 10% of vaginal cancers are adenocarcinoma; melanoma and sarcoma occur rarely. 388 American Joint Committee on Cancer 2010

8 AJCC 7 th Edition Errata for 6 th Reprint Table 3 Manual

9 57A Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (Excludes ocular adnexal lymphoma) At-A-Glance SUMMARY OF CHANGES There are no changes to the stage groups for the seventh edition ANATOMIC STAGE/PROGNOSTIC GROUPS Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer s ring, thymus, or spleen) (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). The number of regions involved may be indicated by a subscript, as in, for example, II 3. Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also maybe accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S). Splenic involvement is designated by the letter S. Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s). Stage IV includes any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid. ICD-O-3 TOPOGRAPHY RANGES C00.0 C44.0, C44.2 C68.9, C69.1 C69.4, C69.8 C80.9 ICD-O-3 HISTOLOGY CODE RANGES , , 9735, 9737, , 9837 (all sites) 9823, 9827 (excludes C42.0, C42.1, C42.4) 57 Lymphoid Neoplasms 607

10 AJCC 7 th Edition Errata for 6 th Reprint Table 4 Manual

11 CLINICAL Extent of disease before any treatment y clinical staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy but before subsequent surgery T4 T4a T4b T4a T4b TUMOR SIZE: P HARYNX STAGING FORM PRIMARY TUMOR (T) Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Carcinoma in situ LATERALITY: left right bilateral Nasopharynx Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or extends to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal extension* Tumor with parapharyngeal extension* Tumor involves bony structures of skull base and/or paranasal sinuses Tumor with intracranial extension and/or involvement of involvement of cranial nerves, hypopharynx, orbit, or with extension to the infratemporal fossa/ masticator space * Parapharyngeal extension denotes posterolateral infiltration of tumor. Oropharynx Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension Tumor more than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible* Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades lateral pterygoid muscle, pterygoid plates, lateral nasopharynx, or skull base or encases carotid artery * Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of larynx. Hypopharynx Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and 2 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor invades more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measures more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx Tumor more than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue* Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia, encases carotid artery, or involves mediastinal structures * Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. PATHOLOGIC Extent of disease during and from surgery y pathologic staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy AND subsequent surgery T4 T4a T4b T4a T4b HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued on next page) Pharynx 51

12 L UNG STAGING FORM CLINICAL Extent of disease before any treatment y clinical staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy but before subsequent surgery a b a b T4 NX N0 N1 N2 N3 M0 M1 M1a M1b TUMOR SIZE: S TAGE C ATEGORY D EFINITIONS LATERALITY: left right bilateral PRIMARY TUMOR (T) Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Carcinoma in situ Tumor 3 cm in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura, without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus)* Tumor 2 cm in greatest dimension Tumor > 2 cm but 3 cm in greatest dimension Tumor > 3 cm but 7 cm or tumor with any of the following features ( tumors with these features are classified a if 5 cm) Involves main bronchus, ³2 cm distal to the carina Invades visceral pleura (PL1 or PL2) Associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung Tumor > 3 cm but 5 cm in greatest dimension Tumor > 5 cm but 7 cm in greatest dimension Tumor > 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (< 2 cm distal to the carina* but without involvement of the carina; or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe Tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe * The uncommon superficial spreading tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximally to the main bronchus, is also classified as a. REGIONAL LYMPH NODES (N) Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed No regional lymph node metastasis Metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension Metastasis in ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node(s) Metastasis in contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph node(s) DISTANT METASTASIS (M) No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group) Distant metastasis Separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural nodules or malignant pleural (or pericardial) effusion** Distant metastasis (in extrathoracic organs) **Most pleural (and pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are due to tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple cytopathologic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and is not an exudate. Where PATHOLOGIC Extent of disease through completion of definitive surgery y pathologic staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy AND subsequent surgery a b a b T4 NX N0 N1 N2 N3 M1 M1a M1b HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued on next page) Lung 267

13 M ELANOMA OF THE SKIN STAGING FORM CLINICAL Extent of disease before any treatment y clinical staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy but before subsequent surgery a b a b a b T4 T4a T4b NX N0 N1 N2 N2c N3 TUMOR SIZE: S TAGE C ATEGORY D EFINITIONS PRIMARY TUMOR (T) Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Melanoma in situ Melanomas <1.0 mm in thickness without ulceration and mitosis <1/mm 2 with ulceration or mitoses > 1/mm 2 Melanomas mm without ulceration with ulceration Melanomas mm without ulceration with ulceration Melanomas >4.0 mm without ulceration with ulceration LATERALITY: midline left right bilateral REGIONAL LYMPH NODES (N) Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed No regional lymph node metastasis 1 node micrometastasis* macrometastasis** 2-3 nodes micrometastasis* macrometastasis** in transit met(s)/satellite(s) without metastatic nodes Clinical: 1 node with in transit met(s)/ satellite(s); pathologic: 4 or more metastatic nodes, or matted nodes, or in transit met(s)/ satellite(s) with metastatic node(s) *Micrometastases are diagnosed after sentinel lymph node biopsy and completion lymphadenectomy (if performed). **Macrometastases are defined as clinically detectable nodal metastases confirmed by therapeutic lymphadenectomy or when nodal metastasis exhibits gross extracapsular extension. PATHOLOGIC Extent of disease through completion of definitive surgery y pathologic staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy AND subsequent surgery a b a b a b T4 T4a T4b NX N0 N1 N1a N1b N2 N2a N2b N2c N3 M0 M1a M1b M1c DISTANT METASTASIS (M) No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group) Metastases to skin, subcutaneous tissues, or distant lymph nodes Metastases to lung Metastases to all other visceral sites or distant metastases to any site combined with an elevated serum LDH M1a M1b M1c HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued on next page) Melanoma of the Skin 341

14 V ULVA STAGING FORM CLINICAL Extent of disease before any treatment y clinical staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy but before subsequent surgery TNM FIGO CATEGORY STAGE * a IA TUMOR SIZE: S TAGE C ATEGORY D EFINITIONS PRIMARY TUMOR (T) Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma) LATERALITY: left right bilateral PATHOLOGIC Extent of disease during and from surgery y pathologic staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy AND subsequent surgery TNM FIGO CATEGORY STAGE * a IA b *** **** IB II IVA Lesions >2 cm in size or any size with stromal invasion >1.0 mm, confined to the vulva or perineum Tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (Lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement) Tumor of any size with extension to any of the following: upper/proximal 2/3 of urethra, upper/proximal 2/3 vagina, bladder mucosa, rectal mucosa, or fixed to pelvic bone, b *** **** IB II IVA * FIGO staging no longer includes Stage 0 (). ** The depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. *** FIGO uses the classification /. This is defined as in TNM. **** FIGO uses the classification T4. This is defined as in TNM. TNM FIGO REGIONAL LYMPH NODES (N) TNM CATEGORY STAGE CATEGORY NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed NX N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N0 N1 One or two regional lymph node with the following features N1 N1a IIIA One or two lymph node metastasis each 5 mm or less N1a N1b IIIA One lymph node metastases 5 mm or greater N1b N2 IIIB Regional lymph node metastasis with the following features: N2 N2a IIIB Three or more lymph node metastases each less than 5 mm N2a N2b IIIB Two or more lymph node metastases 5 mm or greater N2b N2c IIIC Lymph node metastasis with extracapsular spread N2c N3 IVA Fixed or ulcerated regional lymph node metastasis N3 An effort should be made to describe the site and laterality of lymph node metastases. FIGO STAGE IIIA IIIA IIIB IIIB IIIB IIIC IVA TNM CATEGORY FIGO STAGE DISTANT METASTASIS (M) TNM CATEGORY FIGO STAGE M0 M1 IVB No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group) Distant metastasis (including pelvic lymph node metastasis) M1 IVB HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued on next page) Vulva 383

15 C ERVIX UTERI S TAGING F ORM TNM FIGO DISTANT METASTASIS (M) TNM FIGO CATEGORY STAGE CATEGORY STAGE M0 M1 IVB No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group) Distant metastasis (including peritoneal spread, involvement of supraclavicular, mediastinal, or paraaortic lymph nodes, lung, liver, or bone) M1 IVB A NATOMIC S TAGE P ROGNOSTIC G ROUPS (FIGO 2008) CLINICAL GROUP T N M Stage 0* N0 M0 Stage I N0 M0 Stage IA a N0 M0 Stage IA1 a1 N0 M0 Stage IA2 a2 N0 M0 Stage IB b N0 M0 Stage IB1 b1 N0 M0 Stage IB2 b2 N0 M0 Stage II N0 M0 Stage IIA a N0 M0 Stage IIA1 a1 N0 M0 Stage IIA2 a2 N0 M0 Stage IIB b N0 M0 Stage III N0 M0 Stage IIIA a N0 M0 Stage IIIB b Any N M0-3 N1 M0 Stage IVA T4 Any N M0 Stage IVB Any T Any N M1 *FIGO no longer includes Stage 0 () Stage unknown PATHOLOGIC GROUP T N M Stage 0* N0 M0 Stage I N0 M0 Stage IA a N0 M0 Stage IA1 a1 N0 M0 Stage IA2 a2 N0 M0 Stage IB b N0 M0 Stage IB1 b1 N0 M0 Stage IB2 b2 N0 M0 Stage II N0 M0 Stage IIA a N0 M0 Stage IIA1 a1 N0 M0 Stage IIA2 a2 N0 M0 Stage IIB b N0 M0 Stage III N0 M0 Stage IIIA a N0 M0 Stage IIIB b Any N M0-3 N1 M0 Stage IVA T4 Any N M0 Stage IVB Any T Any N M1 *FIGO no longer includes Stage 0 () Stage unknown PROGNOSTIC FACTORS (SITE-SPECIFIC FACTORS) REQUIRED FOR STAGING: None CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT: FIGO Stage: Pelvic nodal status and method of assessment: Paraaortic nodal status and method of assessment: Distant (mediastinal, scalene) nodal status and method of assessment: Histologic Grade (G) (also known as overall grade) Grading system 2 grade system Grade Grade I or 1 3 grade system Grade II or 2 4 grade system Grade III or 3 No 2, 3, or 4 grade system is available Grade IV or 4 General Notes: For identification of special cases of TNM or ptnm classifications, the "m" suffix and "y," "r," and "a" prefixes are used. Although they do not affect the stage grouping, they indicate cases needing separate analysis. m suffix indicates the presence of multiple primary tumors in a single site and is recorded in parentheses: pt(m)nm. y prefix indicates those cases in which classification is performed during or following initial multimodality therapy. The ctnm or ptnm category is identified by a "y" prefix. The yctnm or yptnm categorizes the extent of tumor actually present at the time of that examination. The "y" categorization is not an estimate of tumor prior to multimodality therapy. HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued from previous page) 400 American Joint Committee on Cancer 2010

16 M ALIGNANT MELANOMA OF THE CONJUNCTIVA STAGING FORM CLINICAL Extent of disease before any treatment y clinical staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy but before subsequent surgery a pa b pb c pc d a pa b pb c pc d p a b c d T4 pt4 TUMOR SIZE: S TAGE C ATEGORY D EFINITIONS LATERALITY: left right bilateral PRIMARY TUMOR (T) Quadrants are defined by clock hour, starting at the limbus (e.g. 6, 9, 12, 3) extending from the central cornea to and beyond the eyelid margins. This will bisect the caruncle. Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor Melanoma confined to the conjunctival epithelium* Malignant conjunctival melanoma of the bulbar conjunctiva Less than or equal to 1 quadrant** Melanoma of the bulbar conjunctiva not more than 0.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria More than 1 but less than or equal to 2 quadrants Melanoma of the bulbar conjunctiva more than 0.5 mm but not more than 1.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria More than 2 but less than or equal to 3 quadrants Melanoma of the bulbar conjunctiva greater than 1.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria Greater than 3 quadrants Malignant conjunctival melanoma of the non-bulbar (palpebral, forniceal caruncular) Non-caruncular, less than or equal to 1 quadrant Melanoma of the palpebral, forniceal or caruncular conjunctiva not more than 0.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria Non-caruncular, greater than 1 quadrant Melanoma more than 0.5 but not greater than 1.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria. Any caruncular, less than or equal to 1 quadrant Melanoma of the palpebral, forniceal or caruncular conjunctiva greater than 1.5 mm in thickness with invasion of the substantia propria. Any caruncular, greater than 1 quadrant Any malignant conjunctival melanoma with local invasion Melanoma invades the eye, eyelid, nasolacrimal system, sinuses or orbit Globe Eyelid Orbit Sinus Tumor invades the central nervous system Melanoma invades the central nervous system *pt(is) Melanoma in situ (includes the term primary acquired melanosis) with atypia replacing greater than 75 % of the normal epithelial thickness, with cytologic features of epithelioid cells, including abdundant cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei or prominent nucleoli, and/or presence of intraepithelial nests of atypical cells. **Quadrants are defined by clock hour, starting at the limbus (e.g., 3,6,9,12) extending from the central cornea, to and beyond the eyelid margins. This will bisect the caruncle. PATHOLOGIC Extent of disease through completion of definitive surgery y pathologic staging completed after neoadjuvant therapy AND subsequent surgery pa pb pc pa pb pc p pt4 HOSPITAL NAME/ADDRESS PATIENT NAME/INFORMATION (continued on next page) Malignant Melanoma of the Conjunctiva 543