Community Health Needs Assessment Centra Southside Medical Center

Transcription

1 Community Health Needs Assessment Centra Southside Medical Center

2 Healthy People 2020 Healthy People provides a framework for prevention for communities in the U.S. Healthy People 2020 is a comprehensive set of key disease prevention and health promotion objectives. The health objectives and targets allow communities to assess their health status and build an agenda for community health improvement.

3 Amelia County 2016 Population: 12,926 % Growth : +1.86% Unemployment: 4.4% (April 15) County Seat: Amelia Courthouse Includes: Chula Jetersville Winterham

4 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Amelia County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 79.1% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 92.0% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Colorectal Cancer Incidence cases/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.7% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 0.9% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

5 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Amelia County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 9.0% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 2.3% Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care Target Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Not Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 31.0% Not Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 15.0% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 18.7% Not Met

6 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 79.1% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Amelia County

7 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 92.0% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Amelia County

8 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Amelia County

9 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 69.3 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Amelia County

10 Cancer: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Target: 39.9 Current: 43.5 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Amelia County

11 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.7% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Amelia County

12 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 0.9% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Amelia County

13 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 63.5 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Amelia County

14 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: 58.3 Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Amelia County

15 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 9.0% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Amelia County

16 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 2.3% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Amelia County

17 Mental Health and Mental Disorders: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide Target: 10.2 Current: 34.0 Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, presenting a major, preventable public health problem. More than 33,000 people kill themselves each year according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but suicide deaths only account for part of the problem. An estimated 25 attempted suicides occur per every suicide death, and those who survive suicide may have serious injuries, in addition to having depression and other mental problems. Other repercussions of suicide include the combined medical and lost work costs on the community, totaling to over $30 billion for all suicides in a year, and the emotional toll on family and friends. Men are about four times more likely than women to die of suicide, but three times more women than men report attempting suicide. Suicide occurs at a disproportionately higher rate among adults 75 years and older. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Amelia County

18 Nutrition and Weight Status: Adults who are Obese Target: 30.5% Current: 31.0% The age of obese adults is an indicator of the overall health and lifestyle of a community. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, hypertension, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, respiratory problems, and osteoarthritis. Losing weight and maintaining a healthy weight help to prevent and control these diseases. Being obese also carries significant economic costs due to increased healthcare spending and lost earnings. Gender Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Due to changes in methodology, 2011 data should be considered a baseline year for data analysis and is not comparable to data from prior years. Amelia County

19 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 18.7% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Amelia County

20 Buckingham County 2016 Population: 16,893 % Growth : -1.48% Unemployment: 5.6% (April 15) County Seat: Buckingham Includes: Buckingham Dillwyn

21 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Buckingham County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 77.0% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 92.7% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Prostate Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.8% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 0.9% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Target Met

22 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Buckingham County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 10.0% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 4.0% Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 76.5% Not Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Not Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 33.1% Not Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 15.1% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 20.6% Not Met

23 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 77.0% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Buckingham County

24 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 92.7% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Buckingham County

25 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer Target: 20.7 Current: 36.3 Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer and about 1 in 36 women will die from breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased age, hereditary factors, obesity, and alcohol use. Since 1990, breast cancer death rates have declined progressively due to advancements in treatment and detection. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Buckingham County

26 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Buckingham County

27 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer Target: 14.5 Current: 18.3 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data charts not available Data Source: National Cancer Institute Buckingham County

28 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 57.2 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Buckingham County

29 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Prostate Cancer Target: 21.8 Current: 48.5 The prostate is a gland found only in males, and is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 7 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. And about 1 in 36 will die from prostate cancer. The two greatest risk factors for prostate cancer are age and race, with men over the age of 65 and men of African descent possessing the highest incidence rates of prostate cancer in the U.S. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Buckingham County

30 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.8% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Buckingham County

31 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 0.9% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Buckingham County

32 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: 41.7 Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Buckingham County

33 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 10.0% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Buckingham County

34 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 4.0% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Buckingham County

35 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care Target: 77.9% Current: 76.5% Babies born to mothers who do not receive prenatal care are three times more likely to have a low birth weight and five times more likely to die than those born to mothers who do get care. Early prenatal care (i.e. care in the first trimester of a pregnancy) allows women and their health care providers to identify and, when possible, treat or correct health problems and health-compromising behaviors that can be particularly damaging during the initial stages of fetal development. Increasing the number of women who receive prenatal care, and who do so early in their pregnancies, can improve birth outcomes and lower health care costs by reducing the likelihood of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Buckingham County

36 Mental Health and Mental Disorders: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide Target: 10.2 Current: 22.6 Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, presenting a major, preventable public health problem. More than 33,000 people kill themselves each year according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but suicide deaths only account for part of the problem. An estimated 25 attempted suicides occur per every suicide death, and those who survive suicide may have serious injuries, in addition to having depression and other mental problems. Other repercussions of suicide include the combined medical and lost work costs on the community, totaling to over $30 billion for all suicides in a year, and the emotional toll on family and friends. Men are about four times more likely than women to die of suicide, but three times more women than men report attempting suicide. Suicide occurs at a disproportionately higher rate among adults 75 years and older. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Buckingham County

37 Nutrition and Weight Status: Adults who are Obese Target: 30.5% Current: 33.1% The age of obese adults is an indicator of the overall health and lifestyle of a community. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, hypertension, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, respiratory problems, and osteoarthritis. Losing weight and maintaining a healthy weight help to prevent and control these diseases. Being obese also carries significant economic costs due to increased healthcare spending and lost earnings. Gender Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Due to changes in methodology, 2011 data should be considered a baseline year for data analysis and is not comparable to data from prior years. Buckingham County

38 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 20.6% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Buckingham County

39 Charlotte County 2016 Population: 12,285 % Growth : -2.39% Unemployment: 5.7% (April 15) County Seat: Charlotte C.H. Includes: Drakes Branch Keysville Phenix

40 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Charlotte County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 76.7% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 91.8% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate cases/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 1.0% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 2.5% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

41 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Charlotte County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 12.1% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 6.0% Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 75.9% Not Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Not Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 32.2% Not Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 13.6% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 20.4% Not Met

42 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 76.7% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Charlotte County

43 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 91.8% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Charlotte County

44 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer Target: 20.7 Current: 31.1 Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer and about 1 in 36 women will die from breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased age, hereditary factors, obesity, and alcohol use. Since 1990, breast cancer death rates have declined progressively due to advancements in treatment and detection. Data charts not available Data Source: National Cancer Institute Charlotte County

45 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Charlotte County

46 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 50.8 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Charlotte County

47 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer Target: 14.5 Current: 18.4 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Charlotte County

48 Cancer: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Target: 39.9 Current: 58.1 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Charlotte County

49 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 1.0% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Charlotte County

50 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 2.5% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Charlotte County

51 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 61.8 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

52 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: 45.3 Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

53 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 12.1% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

54 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 6.0% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

55 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care Target: 77.9% Current: 75.9% Babies born to mothers who do not receive prenatal care are three times more likely to have a low birth weight and five times more likely to die than those born to mothers who do get care. Early prenatal care (i.e. care in the first trimester of a pregnancy) allows women and their health care providers to identify and, when possible, treat or correct health problems and health-compromising behaviors that can be particularly damaging during the initial stages of fetal development. Increasing the number of women who receive prenatal care, and who do so early in their pregnancies, can improve birth outcomes and lower health care costs by reducing the likelihood of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

56 Mental Health and Mental Disorders: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide Target: 10.2 Current: 28.5 Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, presenting a major, preventable public health problem. More than 33,000 people kill themselves each year according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but suicide deaths only account for part of the problem. An estimated 25 attempted suicides occur per every suicide death, and those who survive suicide may have serious injuries, in addition to having depression and other mental problems. Other repercussions of suicide include the combined medical and lost work costs on the community, totaling to over $30 billion for all suicides in a year, and the emotional toll on family and friends. Men are about four times more likely than women to die of suicide, but three times more women than men report attempting suicide. Suicide occurs at a disproportionately higher rate among adults 75 years and older. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

57 Nutrition and Weight Status: Adults who are Obese Target: 30.5% Current: 32.2% The age of obese adults is an indicator of the overall health and lifestyle of a community. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, hypertension, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, respiratory problems, and osteoarthritis. Losing weight and maintaining a healthy weight help to prevent and control these diseases. Being obese also carries significant economic costs due to increased healthcare spending and lost earnings. Gender Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Due to changes in methodology, 2011 data should be considered a baseline year for data analysis and is not comparable to data from prior years. Charlotte County

58 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 20.4% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Charlotte County

59 Cumberland County 2016 Population: 9,908 % Growth : -1.43% Unemployment: 5.3% (April 15) County Seat: Cumberland Includes: Cartersville Cumberland

60 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Cumberland County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 78.3% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 92.8% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate cases/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.1% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 0.6% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

61 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Cumberland County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 12.4% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 2.2% Not Met Infant Mortality Rate % deaths/1,000 live births Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 89.3% Target Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Not Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 32.2% Not Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 13.6% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 20.0% Not Met

62 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 78.3% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Cumberland County

63 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 92.8% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Cumberland County

64 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Cumberland County

65 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 61.7 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Cumberland County

66 Cancer: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Target: 39.9 Current: 52.4 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Cumberland County

67 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.1% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Cumberland County

68 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 0.6% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Cumberland County

69 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 41.2 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Cumberland County

70 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Charlotte County

71 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 12.4% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Cumberland County

72 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 2.2% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Cumberland County

73 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Infant Mortality Rate Target: 6.0% Current: 19.4% Infant mortality rate continues to be one of the most widely used indicators of the overall health status of a community. The leading causes of death among infants are birth defects, pre-term delivery, low birth weight, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and maternal complications during pregnancy. Race/Ethnicity Death per 1,000 live births Death per 1,000 live births Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Cumberland County

74 Mental Health and Mental Disorders: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide Target: 10.2 Current: 18.2 Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, presenting a major, preventable public health problem. More than 33,000 people kill themselves each year according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but suicide deaths only account for part of the problem. An estimated 25 attempted suicides occur per every suicide death, and those who survive suicide may have serious injuries, in addition to having depression and other mental problems. Other repercussions of suicide include the combined medical and lost work costs on the community, totaling to over $30 billion for all suicides in a year, and the emotional toll on family and friends. Men are about four times more likely than women to die of suicide, but three times more women than men report attempting suicide. Suicide occurs at a disproportionately higher rate among adults 75 years and older. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Cumberland County

75 Nutrition and Weight Status: Adults who are Obese Target: 30.5% Current: 31.4% The age of obese adults is an indicator of the overall health and lifestyle of a community. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, hypertension, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, respiratory problems, and osteoarthritis. Losing weight and maintaining a healthy weight help to prevent and control these diseases. Being obese also carries significant economic costs due to increased healthcare spending and lost earnings. Gender Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Due to changes in methodology, 2011 data should be considered a baseline year for data analysis and is not comparable to data from prior years. Cumberland County

76 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 20.0% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Cumberland County

77 Lunenburg County 2016 Population: 12,426 % Growth : -3.78% Unemployment: 5.1% (April 15) County Seat: Lunenburg Includes: Kenbridge Victoria

78 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Lunenburg County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 77.1% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 92.3% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.4% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 1.4% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

79 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Lunenburg County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 16.2% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 2.6% Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 72.7% Not Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Not Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 27.4% Target Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 14.1% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 20.1% Not Met

80 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 71.1% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Lunenburg County

81 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 92.3% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Lunenburg County

82 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer Target: 20.7 Current: 38.2 Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer and about 1 in 36 women will die from breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased age, hereditary factors, obesity, and alcohol use. Since 1990, breast cancer death rates have declined progressively due to advancements in treatment and detection. Data charts not available Data Source: National Cancer Institute Lunenburg County

83 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Lunenburg County

84 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 46.1 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Lunenburg County

85 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer Target: 14.5 Current: 25.8 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Lunenburg County

86 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.4% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Lunenburg County

87 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 1.4% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Lunenburg County

88 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 67.8 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

89 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: 47.0 Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

90 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 16.2% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

91 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 2.6% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

92 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care Target: 77.9% Current: 72.7% Babies born to mothers who do not receive prenatal care are three times more likely to have a low birth weight and five times more likely to die than those born to mothers who do get care. Early prenatal care (i.e. care in the first trimester of a pregnancy) allows women and their health care providers to identify and, when possible, treat or correct health problems and health-compromising behaviors that can be particularly damaging during the initial stages of fetal development. Increasing the number of women who receive prenatal care, and who do so early in their pregnancies, can improve birth outcomes and lower health care costs by reducing the likelihood of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

93 Mental Health and Mental Disorders: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide Target: 10.2 Current: 19.5 Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, presenting a major, preventable public health problem. More than 33,000 people kill themselves each year according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but suicide deaths only account for part of the problem. An estimated 25 attempted suicides occur per every suicide death, and those who survive suicide may have serious injuries, in addition to having depression and other mental problems. Other repercussions of suicide include the combined medical and lost work costs on the community, totaling to over $30 billion for all suicides in a year, and the emotional toll on family and friends. Men are about four times more likely than women to die of suicide, but three times more women than men report attempting suicide. Suicide occurs at a disproportionately higher rate among adults 75 years and older. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Lunenburg County

94 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 20.1% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Lunenburg County

95 Nottoway County 2016 Population: 15,688 % Growth : -1.04% Unemployment: 4.8% (April 15) County Seat: Nottoway Includes: Blackstone Burkeville Crewe

96 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Nottoway County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 78.9% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 94.2% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate cases/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.5% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 1.8% Not Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

97 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Nottoway County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Not Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 11.5% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 3.3% Not Met Infant Mortality Rate % deaths/1,000 live births Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 84.2% Target Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Target Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 35.6% Not Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 13.8% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 22.0% Not Met

98 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 78.9% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Nottoway County

99 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 94.2% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Nottoway County

100 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer Target: 20.7 Current: 30.7 Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer and about 1 in 36 women will die from breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased age, hereditary factors, obesity, and alcohol use. Since 1990, breast cancer death rates have declined progressively due to advancements in treatment and detection. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Nottoway County

101 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Nottoway County

102 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 53.1 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Nottoway County

103 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer Target: 14.5 Current: 19.8 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Nottoway County

104 Cancer: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Target: 39.9 Current: 59.8 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Nottoway County

105 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.5% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Nottoway County

106 Environmental Health: Workers who Walk to Work Target: 3.1% Current: 1.8% Walking to work is a great way to incorporate exercise into a daily routine. In addition to the health benefits, walking helps people get in touch with their communities, reduces commute costs and helps protect the environment by reducing air pollution from car trips. Furthermore, studies have shown that walking to work improves employees overall attitude and morale and reduces stress in the workplace. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Nottoway County

107 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 77.0 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Nottoway County

108 Injury & Violence Prevention: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries Target: 36.4 Current: 76.9 Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death for Americans of all ages, regardless of gender, race, or economic status. Major categories of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle collisions, poisonings, and falls. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40 deaths per 100,000 population occur each year due to unintentional injuries. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Nottoway County

109 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 11.5% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Nottoway County

110 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 3.3% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Nottoway County

111 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Infant Mortality Rate Target: 6.0% Current: 10.9% Infant mortality rate continues to be one of the most widely used indicators of the overall health status of a community. The leading causes of death among infants are birth defects, pre-term delivery, low birth weight, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and maternal complications during pregnancy. Race/Ethnicity Death per 1,000 live births Death per 1,000 live births Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Nottoway County

112 Nutrition and Weight Status: Adults who are Obese Target: 30.5% Current: 35.6% The age of obese adults is an indicator of the overall health and lifestyle of a community. Obesity increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions including heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, hypertension, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, respiratory problems, and osteoarthritis. Losing weight and maintaining a healthy weight help to prevent and control these diseases. Being obese also carries significant economic costs due to increased healthcare spending and lost earnings. Gender Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Due to changes in methodology, 2011 data should be considered a baseline year for data analysis and is not comparable to data from prior years. Nottoway County

113 Tobacco Use: Adults who Smoke Target: 12.0% Current: 22.0% Tobacco is the agent most responsible for avoidable illness and death in America today. Tobacco use brings premature death to almost half a million Americans each year, and it contributes to profound disability and pain in many others. Approximately one-third of all tobacco users in this country will die prematurely because of their dependence on tobacco. Areas with a high smoking prevalence will also have greater exposure to secondhand smoke for non-smokers, which can cause or exacerbate a wide range of adverse health effects, including cancer, respiratory infections, and asthma. A new modeling technique was used to produce estimates for 2014 data. Therefore, 2014 data is not directly comparable to previous years of data. Data Source: County Health Rankings Nottoway County

114 Prince Edward County 2016 Population: 23,155 % Growth : -.91% Unemployment: 6.1% (April 15) County Seat: Farmville Includes: Farmville Longwood University Hampden-Sydney College

115 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Prince Edward County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Access to Health Services Adults with Health Insurance 100% 79.9% Not Met Children with Health Insurance 100% 94.1% Not Met Cancer Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Me Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer deaths/100,000 population Not Met Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate cases/100,000 population Not Met Environmental Health Workers Commuting by Public Transportation 5.5% 0.1% Not Met Workers who Walk to Work 3.1% 7.9% Target Met Heart Disease and Stroke Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease deaths/100,000 population Not Met

116 Healthy People 2020 : Progress Tracker: Prince Edward County Indicator Target Current Measure Met/Not Met Injury and Violence Prevention Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Unintentional Injuries deaths/100,000 population Target Met Maternal, Infant & Child Health Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) 7.8% 14.3% Not Met Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) 1.4% 3.0% Not Met Mothers who Received Early Prenatal Care 77.9% 76.6% Not Met Mental Health and Mental Disorders Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Suicide deaths/100,000 population Target Met Nutrition and Weight Status Adults who are Obese 30.5% 29.8% Target Met Substance Abuse Adults who Drink Excessively 25.4% 16.2% Target Met Tobacco Use Adults who Smoke 12.0% 20.7% Not Met

117 Access to Health Services: Adults with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 79.9% Medical costs in the United States are extremely high, so people without health insurance may not be able to afford medical treatment or prescription drugs. They are also less likely to get routine checkups and screenings, so if they do become ill they will not seek treatment until the condition is more advanced and therefore more difficult and costly to treat. Many small businesses are unable to offer health insurance to employees due to rising health insurance premiums. Gender Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Prince Edward County

118 Access to Health Services: Children with Health Insurance Target: 100% Current: 94.1% Health insurance for children is particularly important. To stay healthy, children require regular checkups, dental and vision care, and medical attention for illness and injury. Children with health insurance are more likely to have better health throughout their childhood and adolescence. They are more likely to receive required immunizations, fall ill less frequently, obtain necessary treatment when they do get sick, and perform better at school. Having health insurance lowers barriers to accessing care, which is likely to prevent the development of more serious illnesses. This is not only of benefit to the child but also helps lower overall family health costs. Data Source: Small Area Health Insurance Estimates Prince Edward County

119 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Breast Cancer Target: 20.7 Current: 31.6 Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer and about 1 in 36 women will die from breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased age, hereditary factors, obesity, and alcohol use. Since 1990, breast cancer death rates have declined progressively due to advancements in treatment and detection. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Prince Edward County

120 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cancer Target: Current: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines cancer as a term used to describe diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer. According to the NCI, lung, colon and rectal, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer lead to the greatest number of annual deaths. Gender Race/Ethnicity Data Source: National Cancer Institute Prince Edward County

121 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Lung Cancer Target: 45.5 Current: 46.9 According to the American Lung Association, more people die from lung cancer annually than any other type of cancer, exceeding the total deaths caused by breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. The greatest risk factor for lung cancer is duration and quantity of smoking. While the mortality rate due to lung cancer among men has reached a plateau, the mortality rate due to lung cancer among women continues to increase. African Americans have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Prince Edward County

122 Cancer: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Colorectal Cancer Target: 14.5 Current: 15.4 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Data Source: National Cancer Institute Prince Edward County

123 Cancer: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Target: 39.9 Current: 40.1 Colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all adults aged 50 or older had regular screening tests for colon cancer, as many as 60% of the deaths from colorectal cancer could be prevented. While 90% of colorectal cancer cases occur in adults aged 50 or older, it is essential for individuals with risk factors (those with a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or heavy alcohol use) to seek regular screening earlier. Gender Data Source: National Cancer Institute Prince Edward County

124 Environmental Health: Workers Commuting by Public Transportation Target: 5.5% Current: 0.1% Public transportation offers mobility to U.S. residents, particularly people without cars. Transit can help bridge the spatial divide between people and jobs, services, and training opportunities. Public transportation is also beneficial because it reduces fuel consumption, minimizes air pollution, and relieves traffic congestion. Gender Age Race/Ethnicity Data Source: American Community Survey Prince Edward County

125 Heart Disease & Stroke: Age-Adjusted Death Rate due to Cerebrovascular Disease Target: 34.8 Current: 58.1 Cerebrovascular disease refers to conditions caused by problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain with blood, including stroke. A stroke occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen to the brain become blocked or burst, thereby cutting off the brain's supply of oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen causes brain cells to die, which can lead to brain damage and death or disability. Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Although cerebrovascular disease is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. The most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease is high blood pressure. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, and tobacco use. Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Prince Edward County

126 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Low Birth Weight (< 5lb 8oz) Target: 7.8% Current: 14.3% Babies born with low birth weight are more likely than babies of normal weight to have health problems and require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Prince Edward County

127 Maternal, Infant & Child Health: Babies with Very Low Birth Weight (< 3lb 5oz) Target: 1.4% Current: 3.0% Babies born with very low birth weight are significantly more likely than babies of normal weight to have severe health problems and nearly all require specialized medical care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Babies born with very low birth weight are at the highest risk of dying in their first year and while there have been many medical advances enabling very low birth weight and premature infants to survive, there is still risk of infant death or longterm complications and disability. Very low birth weight is typically caused by premature birth and fetal growth restriction, both of which are influenced by a mother's health and genetics. The most important things an expectant mother can do to prevent very low birth weight are to seek prenatal care, take prenatal vitamins, stop smoking, and stop drinking alcohol and using drugs. Race/Ethnicity Data Source: Virginia Department of Health, Division of Health Statistics Prince Edward County