Aggregate larvae photographed on Pine Island by Aerial Inspector Robert Hedrick Annual Report Lee County Mosquito Control District

Transcription

1 Thomas B. Hart Board of Commissioners Chair Melissa Dortch Vice-Chair Aggregate larvae photographed on Pine Island by Aerial Inspector Robert Hedrick 2013 Annual Report Lee County Mosquito Control District Part I William M. Ellis Treasurer George T. Mann, Jr. Richard H. Pritchett, III Bruce C. Scott Executive Director T. Wayne Gale Homestead Road, Lehigh Acres, FL Phone: (239) Fax : (239) Website:

2 Message from the Chair of the Board Board of Commissioners Message from the Executive Director Mission and Objectives District Responsibilities Financial Information Property tax, Millage Ratess, and Example Property Value/Taxes Paid Revenue Expenses Operational Information Surveillance and Field Validation Disease Surveillance Ground Larvicide Aerial Larvicide Ground Adulticide Aerial Adulticide Mosquito Control Products Education and Communication Employee Training Media Tours & Presentations Service Requests Aquatic Systems/Mosquito Educations School Programs Milestones Years of Service Awards New and Retired Employees Noteworthy Events

3 Dear Residents, Colleagues, and Friends, I have had the pleasure of serving as Chair of the Lee County Mosquito Control District for 2013, so on behalf of Board of Commissioners, it is with great pleasure that we present to you our annual report. We are proud to be able to provide the opportunity for the District employees to highlight achievements during the past year. Please feel free to contact me, any Board member or our helpful staff should you have any questions or concerns about the District s programs or services. Sincerely, Thomas B. Hart, Chair Board of Commissioners Lee County Mosquito Control District 3

4 The Lee County Mosquito Control District board is comprised of seven commissioners representing seven areas, and the areas shall be nearly equal in population as possible. Commissioners are elected, at large, in the General Election, by qualified electors residing within the district. This is a 4-year term, non-partisan office. A vacancy on the board shall be filled, by appointment, by the Governor, for the remainder of the unexpired term. A Lee County Mosquito Control District and Lee County Hyacinth Control District commissioner takes office the 2nd Tuesday following the General Election. Commissioners receive a $400 a month stipend for serving on the Board. Area 1 Melissa Dortch was elected to the Board from Area 1 in the 2012 election. Area 3 Mike Ellis was first elected to the Board from Area 3 in 2004 and was last re-elected in the 2012 election. Area 4 Area 5 Richard H. Pritchett, III was first elected to the Board from area 4 in 1994 and was last re-elected in the 2010 election. George T. Pat Mann, Jr. was first elected to the Board in 1992 and has was last re-elected the 2012 election Area 6 Thomas B. Hart was first elected to the Board in 1998 from area 6 and was last re-elected in the 2010 election. Area 7 Bruce Scott was first elected from area 7 in 2004 and was last re-elected in the 2012 election. Note: Area 2 has a vacancy left by Sarah E. Larsen. Elected in 2010, Commissioner Larsen resigned in December 2012 and the Governor has not filled the vacancy. 4

5 A Message from the Executive Director The Lee County Mosquito Control District was established in 1958 by an act of the Florida Legislature as an independent district and has been providing uninterrupted mosquito control services to the citizens of Lee County for over fifty years. During those years the District has remained at the forefront of mosquito control, helping to develop control technologies that are effective and considerate of the natural Florida environment. Lee County s many acres of salt marsh and other wetlands are some of the most prolific mosquito breeding habitats in Florida. In order to provide a comfortable outdoor environment for Lee County citizens and reduce the threat of diseases that can be transmitted by mosquitoes, the District continually monitors these habitats and endeavors to control mosquitoes in the aquatic immature stages before they become flying and biting adult mosquitoes. Additionally, we monitor adult mosquito activity throughout Lee County each night from May through October and initiate adult control operations when surveillance thresholds are met or mosquito borne disease poses a threat to Lee County citizens. Florida s development history is directly linked to success in controlling mosquitoes and abating the diseases they carry. Successfully controlling mosquitoes, while being sensitive to Florida s unique natural habitats and wildlife, is a demanding and important challenge. Today we work within a complex regulatory framework of federal, state and local regulations which govern to a great extent how, when and where we may conduct mosquito control operations. All of our employees are trained and certified in Public Health Pest Control and are committed to providing sound and effective mosquito control to the citizens of Lee County. We continue to refine our operations and capabilities through innovation and testing. This year we made significant improvements in aircraft navigation and pesticide loading systems. We also began exploring ways to increase research funding for mosquito control and I was appointed as a Board Member of the Mosquito Research Foundation, a newly expanding organization dedicated to soliciting funds and supporting operational mosquito control research nationally. The annual Florida Mosquito Control Association Fly-In hosted by the District was a huge success this year and included participation and training by the U.S. Air Force Aerial Spray Squadron. Going forward we will continue to lead the way for improvements in efficacy, efficiency and safety in operational mosquito control. T. Wayne Gale, Executive Director 5

6 Mission and Objectives Mission Statement: Lee County Mosquito Control District is committed to improving the quality of life, facilitating outdoor activities and protecting the public health in our community by implementing environmentally sound practices that control mosquitoes throughout Lee County. The objective of Lee County Mosquito Control District is to serve the residents and visitors of Lee County by controlling the mosquito populations through an integrated pest management approach consistent with applicable laws and justified by tenets of public health, vector control, environmental safety and fiscal responsibility. The District works to provide leadership, research, technical information, and education on mosquitoes and their control. The District operates under Chapter 388 of the Florida Statutes. It is regulated by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and coordinates operations to comply with regulations established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Transportation, and Federal Aviation Administration. 6

7 District Responsibilities Over 56,000 acres of salt marsh habitat with many developments within close proximity to the breeding sites. The Lee County Mosquito Control District is responsible for mosquito control in ninety-eight percent of Lee County or approximately 1000 square miles which includes over 56,000 acres of salt marsh mosquito breeding habitat. The District covers over 590 miles of shoreline and 100 plus miles of barrier islands. After high tides or rain these coastal habitats produce large numbers of aggressive salt marsh mosquitoes that can fly up to 50 miles and literally cover the County. Most of these coastal habitats are not accessible by vehicle and inspectors must use helicopters and boats to gain access to these areas for inspection and control of immature mosquito stages. In addition, there are numerous other mosquito species in Lee County that breed in both permanent and temporary fresh water habitats, including some that can transmit mosquito borne diseases such as Saint Louis Encephalitis, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, Dengue, Chikungunya or dog heartworm. Map of District The map indicates the area Lee County Mosquito Control District provides mosquito control service. The area outside the pink boundary line is serviced by Ft. Myers Beach Mosquito Control District. 7

8 Property Taxes Property taxes are the primary source of revenue for Lee County Mosquito Control District. General revenues come from property taxes, interest income and miscellaneous. Property taxes are levied each year, and are payable beginning November 1. The Lee County Tax Collector s office bills and collects property taxes on behalf of the Lee County Mosquito Control District. The tax rate levied upon the taxable property within the District boundaries for mosquito control for the fiscal year that ended September 30, 2013 was $ per $1000 of assessed taxable property value. For example, a taxable property with an assessed value of $100,000 would pay $22.44 in taxes for mosquito control services or approximately 6 cents per day. Mosquito control s area of responsibility does not change with fluctuations in property values or on the population of Lee County. The cost of doing mosquito control is not going down but up with fuel and pesticide costs continuing to rise. The District must continue to provide county wide mosquito control services but reduce costs as well. Revenue for the District has been declining. In 2007, total revenues were $16,094,570. By 2013 the total tax revenue was $12,428,739. which was a $1,137,758 reduction from FY2012 challenging the District to continue to provide service with continuing reduction in revenues. Starting at a millage rate of 1.8 mills in 1958 when the District was formed, the Board of Commissioners for LCMCD has reduced and steadily kept millage low. On Sept. 12, 2013, at the Public Hearing of the Lee County Mosquito Control District (LCMCD), the Board approved a millage rate of for fiscal year October 1, 2013 through September 30, The current millage rate was mills. The rolled-back rate provided by the Tax Appraiser s office was mills. The approved rate of mills is a 12.3% increase over the current year aggregate rolled-back rate. For fiscal year , a taxable property with an assessed value of $100,000, the taxpayer would pay $25.20 for mosquito control services. The last several years, the District has kept millage rates low and they were not sufficient to generate enough revenue to cover expenses while drawing down reserves. The millage rate was raised in order to maintain sufficient reserves and generate adequate income to cover the actual expense of mosquito control moving forward. 8

9 2013 Fiscal Year District Revenues FY Total Receipts Property taxes Interest Miscellaneous During fiscal year 2013, October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2013, the District had a total revenue of $12,596,024. The District collected $12,428,739 or 98.7% of its revenue from property taxes. The District earned $62,169 or 0.5% of its revenue from interest. The District collected $104,958 or.8% of its revenue from miscellaneous sources such as sale of equipment and revenue from charges for services/refunds. The majority of this income is from Fort Myers Beach Mosquito Control District for services. $18,000,000 $16,000,000 $14,000,000 Total Revenue $12,000,000 $10,000,000 $8,000,000 $6,000,000 $4,000,000 $2,000,000 $

10 2013 Fiscal Year District Revenues and Expenses FY Expenditures Personal Services $8,185,872 $7,829,200 $7,439,276 $7,692,573 Operating $7,480,944 $4,597,489 $5,857,183 $5,356,291 Other (Capital Outlay and Debt) $1,086,759 $5,074,712 $1,380,565 $ 379,343 Total $16,753,575 $17,736,023 $14,677,024 $13,428,207 The District expended $7,692,573 or 57.29% of its expenditures on Personal Services. It expended $5,356,291 or % of its expenditures on Operating Expenses, $142,698 or 1.06% on Capital Outlay and $236,645 or 1.8% on Debt Service. Percent of Expenditures Expenditures Personal Services Operating Expenses Capital Outlay Debt Service 10

11 Operational Information Scientific Intelligences Surveillance and Field Validation Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences Division The Scientific Intelligences Department involves the scientific collection and analysis of data necessary for the District to control larval or adult mosquitoes in the most efficient manner with minimal impact on the environment. The main facets of the program are monitoring of environmental factors, the monitoring of adult mosquitoes, the monitoring of mosquito-borne disease transmission and the monitoring of the susceptibility of mosquitoes to larvicides and adulticides. One of the key surveillance activities performed by the District is the truck trap program. Truck traps are run every night starting May 1 and continued through October 31. Using a large funnel with a net bag attached they drive set, three mile routes. The collection is then returned to the lab for identification. The truck trap collections provide information on flight activity of male and female mosquitoes. Prior to any adulticide work, there must be scientific documentation of a 3 to 5 fold increase in adult mosquitoes for a given area over the baseline population. Truck traps provide baseline information and when increased populations warrant treatment. To give better coverage of Lee County and provide the necessary information to permit adulticide treatments, six additional runs were added this year. 11

12 Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences Division Truck Trap Collections Truck Trap Collections by Month Month May 7,510 10,642 2,696 6,686 13,142 4,632 14,422 18,054 11,028 4,466 June 14,836 21,740 9,165 17,835 17,455 14,386 14,775 19,237 14,660 25,253 July 25,442 19,256 57,107 28,035 45,420 28,430 16,036 62,133 19,692 58,937 August 32,644 8,046 29,118 24,794 34,717 21,048 10,945 37,568 13,578 25,814 September 16,270 4,201 27,855 30,574 19,571 23,263 14,933 27,131 18,729 17,366 October 6,140 8,596 10,494 18,270 8,614 13,233 5,377 16,119 14,142 11,912 Y-T-D 102,842 72, , , , ,992 76, ,242 91, ,748 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Trap Truck Collections

13 Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences Scientific Intelligences Scientific Intelligences is also responsible for disease surveillance. The District utilizes Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test. These tests are used to detect antibodies to viruses in chicken blood. The viruses tested using ELISA are Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) and West Nile Virus (WNV). The District utilizes Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to detect virus RNA from mosquito pools collected in CDC light traps. and rt-pcr protocols at the District are Dengue (DEN1-4), Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE), and West Nile Virus (WNV). Aedes aegypti Photo from CDC Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4). The viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. In the Western Hemisphere, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the most important transmitter or vector of dengue viruses, although a 2001 outbreak in Hawaii was transmitted by Aedes albopictus. It is estimated that there are over 100 million cases of dengue worldwide each year. With more than one-third of the world s population living in areas at risk for infection, dengue virus is a leading cause of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics. As many as 400 million people are infected yearly. There are not yet any vaccines to prevent infection with dengue virus and the most effective protective measures are those that avoid mosquito bites. When infected, early recognition and prompt supportive treatment can substantially lower the risk of medical complications and death. # of cases per serotype 2013 DENV-1 57 DENV-2 3 DENV-3 5 DENV-4 19 In 2013, the Florida Department of Health reported a total of 23 cases of locally acquired cases of Dengue in Florida. Twenty two exposures occurred in Martin County and one occurred in Miami Dade County. There were one hundred twenty cases of dengue with onset in 2013 that were reported in Florida by individuals with travel history to a dengue endemic country in the two weeks prior to onset. The countries of origin of Dengue infection were: Angola, Bangladesh (2), Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil (3), the Caribbean, Columbia (5), Costa Rica (4), Cuba (6), Dominica, Dominican Republic (12), Haiti (7), Honduras (4), India, Indonesia, Jamaica (5), Mexico (2), Nicaragua (3), Nigeria (2), Panama (2), Philippines (2), Puerto Rico (46), Saint Martin (2), Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela (4), and U.S. Virgin Islands. Lee County had 2 imported cases. In 2013, 84 of the 143 cases of dengue reported in Florida have been serotyped by PCR. Additional serotyping and strain typing are being conducted. August 23,

14 Florida Arbovirus Surveillance for 2013 West Nile Virus West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes mild to severe illness. It was first identified in Uganda in WNV was first introduced to the United States in 1999 in New York and reached Florida in Since its initial detection, human cases of WNV have been reported in all U.S. states with the exception of Alaska and Hawaii. The virus is now considered endemic in the U.S., with annual epidemics in some parts of the country, peaking in the late summer months. The peak period of transmission in Florida is July through September. Since its introduction, WNV activity has been identified in all 67 of Florida's counties. The State of Florida Department of Health reported there were positive samples for WNV from 6 humans, 10 horses, 1 wild bird, 1 alpaca and 309 sentinel chickens from 26 counties during The six human cases were in Alachua, Duval, Leon and Nassau Counties. Lee County Mosquito Control District did not find any WNV in its sentinel chicken flocks during Saint Louis Encephalitis St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is maintained in a cycle between Culex mosquitoes and birds. Prior to the introduction of West Nile Virus to the United States in 1999, SLE was the most common mosquito-transmitted pathogen in the U.S. There have been no human cases of SLE in Florida since Occasionally, an infected mosquito will bite a human, causing disease. Symptoms appear 4 to 21 days after the bite of an infected mosquito. Most infections are unapparent but when symptoms occur they can range from fever with headache to meningitis, encephalitis, and coma. People over the age of 50 seem to be at greater risk for severe disease. Many SLE epidemics have been documented in North America. In 1990, there were 223 cases in Florida. The State of Florida Department of Health reported there were 92 positive samples for SLE in sentinel chickens from 9 counties. Lee County Mosquito Control District found 18 sentinel chickens positive for SLE in All positive samples were found between the period of September through December. Eastern Equine Encephalitis Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus, first recognized in humans in It cycles between Culiseta melanura mosquitoes and birds in freshwater swampy areas. The virus is capable of infecting mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles. The virus causes severe illness in humans and horses, although both are considered "dead-end" hosts for the virus, as the viral load is insufficient to be transmitted to mosquitoes, furthering the spread of disease. Aedes spp. or Coquillettidia spp. are the most likely mosquito vectors that pass the virus from birds to humans. The virus can be found in the eastern, Gulf and north-central areas of the United States. It is also in regions of Central and South America and the Caribbean. Most activity occurs between May and August but it can be seen throughout the year in Florida. Symptoms develop 3-10 days after the bite of an infected mosquito and begin with a sudden onset of fever, general muscle pains, and a headache of increasing severity. Symptoms can become more severe over 1-2 weeks and infected individuals will either recover or show onset of encephalitis characterized by seizures, vomiting and focal neurological deficits. Severe encephalitic cases often suffer from coma or death. Approximately 30-45% of people with encephalitis caused by EE- EV will die from the disease, making it one of the most serious mosquito-borne diseases in the United States. Of those who recover, many will suffer lasting effects. The State of Florida Department of Health reported there were positive samples for 2 humans, 5 birds, 38 equines, 2 deer, and 189 sentinel chickens from 30 counties. Lee County Mosquito Control District did not find any EEE in its sentinel chicken flocks during mosquito-borne-diseases/eastern-equine-encephalitis.html

15 Florida continues to struggle with mosquito borne illness Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Dengue is a viral illness caused by one of four related strains carried from human to human by mosquitoes, according to the Centers for Disease Control. Dengue can be transmitted through a bite from an infected Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquito, both species common to tropical and subtropical regions of the world and found throughout Lee County. The spread of dengue in the United States is limited only by the ranges of the mosquitoes that can transmit the illness. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are widespread throughout the south and West Coast. Aedes albopictus, the Asian Tiger mosquito, has been found as far north as New York City in the summer. The mosquitoes that carry dengue are also able to carry other illnesses such as Yellow Fever, West Nile and Chikungunya. There is no vaccine or remedy for dengue. As with many illnesses, some patients have few or no symptoms while in a few, a serious illness called dengue hemorrhagic fever can occur. That form of the illness can be fatal. In 2013 there were 127 cases of dengue with onset in 2013 reported in individuals with travel history to a dengue endemic country in the two weeks prior to onset. Countries of origin were: Angola, Bangladesh (3), Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil (3), the Caribbean, Columbia (5), Costa Rica (4), Cuba (7), Dominica, Dominican Republic (12), El Salvador, Haiti (7), Honduras (4), India, Indonesia, Jamaica (5), Mexico (2), Nicaragua (3), Nigeria (2), Panama (2), Philippines (2), Puerto Rico (49), Saint Martin (2), Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela (4), and U.S. Virgin Islands (2). The Florida counties reporting cases were: Alachua (2), Brevard (2), Broward (10), Clay, Collier, Duval (4), Hillsborough (2), Indian River, Lake, Lee (2), Marion, Miami-Dade (45), Nassau, Orange (17), Osceola (5), Palm Beach (13), Pasco, Pinellas, Polk (3), Santa Rosa, Sarasota (3), Seminole (3), St. Johns (2), St. Lucie (2) and Volusia (3). Twelve of the cases were reported in non-florida residents. The greatest number of cases, 49, originated in Puerto Rico, followed by 12 from the Dominican Republic. Lee County Mosquito Control District maintains a good working relationship with the Lee County Department of Health (LCDOH). If a person has an active case of Dengue, Malaria, Yellow Fever or Chikungunya, the LCDOH advises the District of the general area. Surveillance is done to monitor for presence of vector mosquitoes and if appropriate control measures are conducted. In 2009 after decades of being free of local transmission of Dengue in the United States, Key West experienced 24 cases where local mosquitoes transmitted Dengue to residents and visitors. Since 2009, Dengue has been transmitted to Florida residents from Hillsborough, Martin, Miami Dade, Monroe, Osceola, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie Counties. In 2013, a total of 23 cases of locally acquired dengue were reported in 21 Florida residents and two out-of-stateresidents. Exposures occurred in two counties: Martin had 22 cases and Miami-Dade had one. Florida is not alone in this battle with Dengue. On December 19, 2013, the Texas Department of State Health Services announced a total of 67 cases of Dengue for the state of Texas with at least 12 with no travel history outside of Texas. Sources week1arbovirusreport pdf 15

16 Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences The Ground Larviciding Program focuses on inspecting the roadside ditches, fields and retention ponds for the presence of mosquito larvae using a standard pint-sized dipper. When mosquito larvae are found, appropriate control measures are taken to insure that the larvae or pupae do not become adults. Each of the 5 inspectors has an assigned geographic area of the county for which they are responsible to check on a regular basis. Total Acres Treated by Ground Larvicide by Month Ground Larvicide Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Y-T-D Totals 1,424 1,337 2,038 1,448 1,750 1,986 1,813 1, Total Acres Treated by Ground Larvicide by Month 16

17 January February March April May June July August September October November December Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences Aerial Larvicide The Aerial Larviciding Program focuses on inspecting the coastal areas of the County that flood from either rainfall or tide and are not accessible by ground vehicles. Aerial Inspectors use helicopters to search these areas for the presence of mosquito larvae and treat them appropriately. Each the District s five aerial inspectors are assigned specific geographical areas which allows them to become familiar with the mosquito breeding sites and the environment s response to rainfall and tide. Each inspector has an assistant which loads the helicopter with larvicide and fuel. They will also assist by inspecting areas accessible by vehicle. Total Acres Treated by Aerial Larvicide by Month Month January February , , March , ,136 2, April , ,938 1,667 6,598 2,255 May 179 4,647 4,732 7, ,712 6,962 2,680 June 18,404 20,281 19,488 20,667 8,566 12,949 14,292 11,772 July 35,554 26,884 33,287 8,519 18,470 32,686 10,953 7,122 August 14,982 20,983 11,592 28,612 17,327 22,782 13,937 5,685 September 13,200 11,813 13,458 18,662 6,464 10,844 2,628 2,199 October 456 2,800 3, ,094 1, November , December , Y-T-D Totals 83,540 89, ,293 87,972 59,487 97,890 57,579 33,570 Aerial Larviciding Acres Treated Average Artwork by Hana Nardi, Florida Gulf Coast University Environmental Science Student, 17

18 Ground Adulticide Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences A small area of infestation can be treated with Ground Adulticiding Trucks. These trucks use ULV (Ultra-Low-Volume) technology. The equipment atomizes or creates many tiny droplets which drift through the air and contact the mosquito in flight. The Ground Adulticiding Trucks achieve excellent results in areas with a good network of roads. These trucks usually begin just after sunset and treat an average of 2,000 acres per night. Lee County Mosquito Control fleet consists of 11 Ground Adulticiding Trucks. Total Acres Treated by Ground Adulticide by Month Month January 14,411 4,404 11,560 5, ,760 10,764 February 6, , ,865 3,876 March 38,963 1,322 1,167 17, ,107 6,272 3, April 9,696 3,035 5,262 34,961 4,287 51,420 44,440 35, May 49, ,472 46,362 34,232 30,292 28,161 73,187 15,154 June 106,212 21,445 78,709 79,490 57,689 43,245 64,207 48, ,636 July 75, ,265 88, ,682 92,689 78, ,423 79, ,152 August 34,753 78,540 92,232 80,443 86,887 60, ,895 68,282 90,663 September 20,428 76,376 81,565 47, ,692 52,772 78,870 69,842 65,884 October 62,576 14,518 34,136 21,984 48,969 45,136 63, ,567 48,718 November 88,009 2,362 7,140 2,813 7,198 24,419 35,022 21,289 30,713 December 18, , ,760 18,066 Y-T-D Totals 524, , , , , , , , ,293 Number of Acres Treated by Ground ULV 600, , , , , ,

19 Aerial Adulticide Mosquito Control and Scientific Intelligences During periods of high adult mosquito activity, it is necessary to treat large areas of the County; this can be accomplished by using helicopters or fixed-wing aircraft. Lee County Mosquito Control District has two Turbo prop DC3 s and one King Air allowing for quick coverage of the county when there is a significant mosquito problem. Equipped with the latest technologies of GPS (Global Positioning System) navigation and night-vision goggles these fixed-wing adulticiding missions are conducted at night, usually between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m., when adult mosquitoes are active and more likely to be exposed to the very small droplets produced by the ULV (Ultra- Low-Volume) spray system. Total Acres Treated by Aerial Adulticiding by Month Month January February March , April , ,440 36, May 2, ,591 12, , ,231 0 June 357, , ,707 7,336 11, , , ,780 July 203, , , , , , , , ,631 August 57, , , , , , , ,395 14,006 September 0 393, ,246 91, , , , ,018 0 October 57, , ,802 87, , ,953 0 November 200, , ,258 December 34, Y-T-D Totals 914, , ,113 1,229, ,032 1,056,777 2,228,790 1,586, ,675 Number of Acres Adulticided by Air 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,

20 Products that may be used for mosquito control treatments Selecting the product to use for mosquito control is similar to a doctor determining which prescription should be prescribed to restore or maintain health. The product selected to treat a particular area will depend on the life stage of the mosquito, the genus and species of mosquito, the susceptibility of the mosquito being targeted, water quality, density of vegetation, size of area to be treated, density of mosquito population, water temperature, and weather. Adulticide Materials LCMCD Control Compounds, 2013 Active Ingredient Trade Name Reg. No malathion Fyfanon ULV permethrin Kontrol naled Dibrom permethrin Biomist pyrethrin Pyrocide sumithrin Anvil Larvicide Materials Active Ingredient Trade Name Reg. No. B. sphaericus VectoLex WSP VectoLex CG B. sphaericus and B.t.i Fourstar VectoMax CG VectoMax WSP B.t. israelensis VectoBac 12AS VectoBac GS POE(2) isostearyl alcohol Agnique MMF Arosurf MSF Agnique MMF G methoprene Altosid XR Briquets Altosid SR Altosid XRG Altosid SBG petroleum hydrocarbon Golden Bear GB spinosad Natular XRT Natular G temephos Abate 4E ProVect Mini-G ProVect 4E