Nepal: Earthquake. Gorkha. Crisis Overview. Key Findings. Crisis Impact

Transcription

1 Assessment Report #2 4 May 2015 Nepal: Earthquake Crisis Overview As of 4 May, 0800 local time, at least 7,040 people have died and at least 14,000 injured. The situation is still unclear in remote areas, which remain cut off or hard to access. The most affected area include: Sindhupalchowk, Kathmandu valley, Dading, Gorkha, Kavre Key Findings Priorities for Humanitarian Intervention Shelter: Temporary shelter, safe construction of traditional shelter materials before monsoon season (last year June 20 th 2014). WASH: Clean water, private and clean latrines, and hygiene materials for women and girls. Child Protection: Psychosocial counselling, Child Trafficking monitoring and prevention, Life skills training for youth, strengthening the capacity of VCPC in coordination with District Child Welfare Board. Health/Nutrition: Health post function in remote areas, re bandaging and treatment of injuries to prevent infection. Children reported to have changed eating behaviours post earthquake; irregular eating patterns. Education: School rehabilitation or construction and replacing school materials. Psychosocial support to ensure children overcome the fear of school destruction in another earthquake. Food security and livelihoods: Food assistance to marginalised communities, post earthquake livelihood income generation opportunities. Marginalised, migrants and untargeted communities are not receiving adequate assistance. Crisis Impact Gorkha General Information Roads: (Many), more than 51% of roads have been damaged while 26 50% of roads are usable. Data collected from 17 VDCs: District Names Abbreviation District Name Abbreviation 1. Ampipal (palumtar municipality 12) AP 2. Asrang AR 3. Chhoprak CP 4. Gakhu GK 1

2 5. Ghyampesal Masel GM 6. Jaubari JB 7. Khapdi Bhanjanj, Bunkot KBB 8. Khoplang ward no 4 only KP 9. Lamachaur Baguwa LB 10. Muchhok VDC MH 11. Nareshwor NW 12. Pancha Khuwa Deurali PKD 13. Pandrung PD 14. Taple Kochre Ale TKA 15. Tandrang VDC Kaula & Kuwapani TKK 16. Thumi TM 17. Shreenathkot SK 35% of the VCDs identified construction materials as their top priorities. 28% required other items such as food, water purification, emergency education, hygiene activities and baby clothing. 21% of the VDCs sets bedding materials as their top priority, while 9% prefer cash. 5% need cooking utensils and 2% need tools. Needs identified in Gorkha VDCs highlighted shelter, dry food, clothes water, school and health post function, education materials, tarpaulin, medicine, psychosocial support and medicine as their top priority needs. Shelter 28% 35% construction tools cash cooking utensils Most families in all VDCs are sharing common living areas. The highest number of people sharing one space is 6 households with 30 people. Some are using tents or cow sheds as shelter while some people in 9 VDCs (AP, AR, JB, GK, LB, MH, TKK, TM and SK) use tarpaulin. In PD and KBB, Health posts, hospitals, and schools are also used as temporary shelters. In, AP, NW, KP, JB and SK, people are living in open spaces in front or near their houses. 21% 5% 9% 2% bedding mosquito net other 16 out of 17 VDCs responded that basic shelter materials are not locally available in adequate quantity. WASH 41% of VDCs (GM, JB, KBB, LB, MH, TKA, TKK and TM) reported having difficulty accessing clean water. It was reported that piped water is available in 16 VDCs. In AP, people have access to protected bore hole/well and NW, CP and KP source water from unprotected bore hole/wells. NW also use spring water as their main water source. It is reported that in KBB and TM, the distance to the water source is more than 800 meters while it is between 500 to 800 meters in 5 VDCs (CP, JB, NW, PD and PK), and less than 500 meters in 10 VDCs (AP, AR, GK, GM, KP, LB, MH, SK, TKA and TKK). NW and TKK reported having access to safe sanitation. In 3 VDCs (AP, KP, LB), 26 50% of the population are estimated to have no access to safe sanitation, while it is estimated as more than 51% in 5 VCDs (CP, KBB, PD, PK, and TM). The remaining VDCs reported an estimation of less than 25% of population who have no access to safe sanitation. 2

3 Defecation Practices and 1 (GM) on health concerns. 10 VDCs also mentioned that children are at risk due to dangerous buildings, 6 (PK, PD, TM, CP, AP and KP)) stated that the risk is from aftershocks. 46% 19% communal latrines household latrines In PKD, it was reported that the Dalit (lowest class) was excluded from basic support (further more targeted assessments will explore Dalit and other marginalised population needs.) 12% 23% open space near settlement field away from settlement Field teams reported that since the earthquake, differences have been noticed in the behaviour of children s food habit. Post-earthquake stress on parents has been identified as one of the main problems where children are found to be less cared for. People have been sharing common shelters post-earthquake which could potentially increase the risk of children being sexually abused. The highest priority for 2 VDCs (GM and TKK) is to have safe and private latrines for women and girls. 5 VDCs (AP, CP, KP, LB, NW) prioritised sufficient hygiene materials for women and girls. The remaining 10 VDCs refer to having safe and private latrines for their population. Common defecation practices include 46% or 12 of VDCs (TKA, GM, AR, LB, TKA, CP, AP, KP, MH, GK, JB, and SK) going in the field away from settlement, 23% (6 PD, TM, NW, CP, AP and KP) of the VDCs use latrines in the households, 19% (5 LB, KBB, TKA, MH and SK) using communal latrines, 12% (3 PK, AR and JB) using space near temporary shelter. When asked about the condition of the latrines, 6 VDCs (TKK, PK, GM, TM, AR and LB) reported non functioning latrines, 9 (PD, KBB, TKA, AP, KP, MH, GK, JB and SK) reported partially functioning latrines, whilst 2 VDCs (NW, CP) reported that the latrines are functioning. 7 (AP, CP, GM, KP, PK, TKA, TM) VDCs reported not having soap to wash their hands or clothes. Child Protection 8 (TKA, PD, GM, TM, AR, KBB, TKA and MH) out of 17 VDCs reported having a formal authorities responsible for child protection. Among the 8 VDCs who reported having formal child protection authority in the area, 6 (TKK, TM, AR, KBB, TKA and MH) informed that the existing authority has no capacity to adequately respond to Child Protection concerns. All 17 VDCs reported no separated children from their usual caregivers. NW reported that children in the VDCs are at risk of injury from violence. 9 VDCs (AR, AP, CP, GK, JB, MH, LB, TKA and SK) reported that children are at risk of being psychologically affected and may need counselling. 1 VDC (PKD) mentioned that there are children at risk of physical labour Education Damaged Schools: 90% of total primary schools (284) have been damaged and 90% of total Secondary Schools (165) have been damaged. Children in 15 VDCs have no access to school due to extensive damage. 3 VDCs (PK, JB and SK) reported that their family cannot afford school tuition fees. NW reported there are problems with transportation to school. PK reported that the children are needed to engage in income earning activities. PK and SK, the children are also required to help at home. 4 VDCs (NW, CP, KP and JB) reported that children are afraid to go to school after the earthquake. 11 VDCs (AP, AR, CP, GM, JB, KP, LB, MH, SK, TKA and TM) reported that schools are completely destroyed, 2 (NW, PK) reported that schools are damaged but still usable. 4 VDCs (JK, KBB, PD, TKK) reported schools are only partially destroyed. All 17 VDCs reported that the children learning materials are destroyed during the earthquake. All but one VDC (CP) have skilled and trained teachers in their communities. Field team observations reveal that toilets and drinking water facilities in schools need to be reconstructed. It is also reported that parents do not want to send their children to schools with an empty stomach due to food shortages. Food Security and Livelihoods Most people in 7 VDCs (PK, PD, TM, KBB, CP, AP and KP), engage in casual agricultural labour. 2 VDCs (LB and JB) have people engaged in casual construction labour. 11 VDCs (GM, TKK, AR, LB, TKK, NW, CP, MH, GK, JB and SK) practice agricultural sales and 3 (PKD, PD and CP) in livestock sales. TM is the only VDC reported engaging in petty trading. 3

4 6 VDCs (GM, LB, PD, SK, TKA, TM) reported the earthquake has had a high impact on markets. 7 VDCs (AP, CP, GK, GM, KP, LB, TKA) do not have physical access to markets. In Thumi VDC, people lost livestock and trading as well as have injured labourers. 3 VDCs (AP, KP AND NW) reported having loss access to farmland. CP reported loss of trading premises. 9 VDCs (AR, GK, GM, JB, KBB, LB, MH, SK and TKK) reported loss of seeds. 10 VDCs (GK, JB, LB, KBB, MH, SK, TM, PD, and TKA, TKK) reported that they borrowed food and money from friends or relatives in order to cope with their new circumstances. The other coping strategies include taking credit from shopkeepers, buying ready made food, cooking together with other families and receiving relief support. Health and Nutrition High priorities in health issues are cough and cold (AR, GK, LB, MH, PK, SK and TKA), and diarrhoea coupling with cough or cold (NW, KBB, PD, CP, JB and GM). Main reasons for children dying/getting sick are fever (T, TKA, LB), pneumonia (AR, GM, LB, KBB, TKA, MH, JB and SK), and diarrhoea (TKA, LB, AR, GM, TKA and NW). TKA reported malnourishment as one of the main reasons for children dying/getting sick (this is a pre existing pressure in Nepal). Health facilities in 16 VDCs are still open with staff and basic drugs available. Most VDCs are receiving vaccinations as part of international interventions. Only in GK, was it reported that no health facilities are open. No infant formula or other milk products and baby bottles/teats were distributed since the emergency started. 9 VDCs (AR, CP, GM, JB, LB, KBB, SK, TKK and TM) reported there is significant difference or changes in infant and young child feeding since the earthquake. This was also reflected by field team observations where children were asking for food to eat and also seen selling bottled water to foreigners for income. Bhaktapur General Information Data from 7 VDCs: Dalal Gaon (DG), Dihi (DH), Katunje (KJ), Chitrapur (CTP), Khathandau (KD), Kwathandau Ward No. 1 (KWA), Khatjamdau Ward No. 4 (KHA) Data Source: Family members in the VDCs, college student and staff observation Top priority needs include: tents, water, warm clothes, hygiene items, food and shelter materials. Shelter Current Shelter situation: Open fields, school, tents, big clear plastic sheets, and tarpaulin. The highest number of people sharing a living space is 50 people. Thin foams are used for bedding and there are no separate spaces allocated for men and women; many unrelated families are living in one space The top priorities for the VDCs are construction materials, cooking utensils, bedding materials and cash. 5 VDCs (DH, CTP, KD, KWA and KHA) reported having no adequate shelter materials. WASH 6 VDCs (DG, KJ, KD, KWA and KHA) reported having difficulty in accessing drinking water. In 2 VDCs (KJ, CTP), the water source available is piped water. In DG, people use open water sources and protected boreholes. In DH, they use water from unprotected boreholes. Bottled water, piped water and bore hole were reported as main water source for 3 VDCs (KD, KWA and KHA). The distance to the water source for 4 VDCs (DG, DH, KD, KWA) is between meters while it is less than 500 meters in 1 VDC (CTP). In KHA, the water source is more than 800 meters away from their settlement. It is estimated that less than 25% of the population in 2 VDCs (Dalal Gaon and Dihi) have no access to safe sanitation. Some people (26 50%) in KD and KWA have no access to safe sanitation and more than 50% in 2 VDCs (KJ, KHA). Highest priority for 3 VDCs (DG, DH, KD) is safe and private latrines. In KHA, it is safe and private latrines for women and girls while in 1 VDC (Chitrapur) it is sufficient hygiene materials for women and girls. Most latrines have been damaged and affected populations are requesting for them to be renovated. 6 VDCs (DG, DH, CTP, KD, KWA and KHA))use communal latrines and 1 VDC (KJ) ) use fields away from settlement. Latrine condition in 4 VDCs ( DG, KJ, KD, KWA) are partly functioning while it is not functioning in 1 VDC (KHA). There is no damage for the latrines in 1 VDC (DH). There is no soap available for the population in 6 VDCs (DG, DH, KJ, KD, KWA, KHA). Child Protection 5 VDCs (DG, DH, KJ, KWA, KHA), reported that there are no formal child protection authorities in their area while 2 VDCs (CTP and KD) reported that there are. CTP reported that the child protection authority in their VDC has full capacity and those in KD have limited capacity. 4

5 All children were accompanied by parents or guardians. There were no reports of unaccompanied children in the VDCs. The VCDs reported that the children in their area are at risk of fire, toxic waste, dangerous building, iron rods from tents and aftershocks. There was no report of exclusion from receiving basic support. Messaging on safe demolition and material removal and salvage will be advised to families. Children will also be sensitized to the risks of playing around unsafe structures particularly where shelters seem only partially damaged but in fact are structurally compromised. There were a few infants and new borns in the settlement. Breastfeeding mothers were feared to lack nutritious food. There has been no provision of infant formula and vaccines for infants. Children of all ages have no safe space allocated for them. Teenagers were observed playing cards and using foul language. Children, both male and female, from 4 to 5 families are all sleeping under one tent with other adults. No psycho social support available for children or adults not damaged in 2 VDCs (DH, KJ). 4 VDCs (DH, KD, KWA, KHA) reported that learning materials are also destroyed. In 3 VDCs (DG, KJ, CTD), the learning materials are not destroyed. Food Security and Livelihood In 4 VDCs (DG, DH, KJ, CTP), the people engage in casual labour in agriculture., In KD, people also engage in agriculture and livestock sales. Most families have been living on the remaining crops from after the earthquake, and surviving on ready made food donated by different agencies and individuals. 5 VDCs (DG, CTP, KD, KWA, KHA) reported that the earthquake has high impact on markets. 2 VDCs (DH, KJ) reported as neutral impact. 3 VDCs (KD, KWA, KHA) have no physical access to market while the other 4 VDCs (DG, DH, CTP, KJ) reported that they have. 5 VDCs (DG, DH, KJ, KD, KWA) reported loss of livestocks. 2 VDCs (KD, KWA) also have injured labours. KJ reported loss of seeds, KD loss of machines and KHA loss of business. The coping strategies for 5 VDCs (DG, DH, KD, KWA, KHA) is to rely on less preferred and less expensive food. 3 VDCs (KD, KWA, KHA) also borrow food from friends or relatives as well as skipping meals. In 1 VDCs (KD), it is reported that the family send the children to eat with neighbours. Health There is a need for basic medicines like ORS and water purifier where some children are seen to be suffering from fever, cold, cough and diarrhoea. It was reported that young children cry a lot at night. Children injuries are also found in 3 VDCs (KD, KWA, KHA) Fever and diarrhoea are the main reasons for children s death or sickness in 4 VDCs (DG, DH, CTP, KJ). In 3 VDCs (KD,KWA, KHA), it is diarrhoea and trauma. Health facilities with some staff and basic medicine are still open in 6 VDCs (DG, DH, CTP, KD, KWA, KHA) but not in Katunje. Children can get vaccination in Dihi. Since the emergency starts, infant in 3 VDCs (KD, KWA, KHA), can get formula or other milk products. Assessment report #3 will include analysis from Nuwakot, Rasuwa and Ramechhap Districts. Education Schools in all 7 VDCs are closed. Children are reported to be helping their families at home in 2 VDCs (CTP, KD). KD also reported that the children are afraid to go to school after the earthquake and some are ill or injured. Schools are completely destroyed in 1 VDC (DG) and are partly destroyed in 4 VDCs (CTP, KD, KWA, KHA). It is reported that schools are 5

6 District Sindhupalchowk Gorkha Bhaktapur VDC Adults Children Deaths Casualties Deaths Casaulties In School Total F M Total F M Total F MTotalF M Chautara MP ,000 1,000 1, Chautara ,000 1,000 1, Phulpingdanda , , Tandrang VDC Kaula and Kuwapani ,031 1, Pancha Khuwa, Deurali , Pandrung , Ghyampesal, Masel , Thumi ,077 1, Asrang VDC , Lamachaur Baguwa , Khapdi Bhanjanj, Bunkot ,500 1,699 1, Taple Kochre Ale ,255 1, , Nareshwor ,000 1, chhoprak ,000 1, , ampipal (palumtar municipality 12) khoplang ward no 4 only , Muchhok VDC ,606 3, , Gakhu NA NA 2, Jaubari , Shreenathkot , Dalal Gaon , Dihi Katunje Chitrapur NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chitrapur NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chitapur 2 NA NA 4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Khathandau 0 NA NA 0 NA NA 0 NA NA 0 NA NA Kwathandau Ward No. 1 0 NA NA 0 NA NA 0 NA NA 0 NA NA Khatjamdau Ward No. 4 0 NA NA 0 Na NA 0 NA NA 0 Na NA Displaced people Damaged House Fully damaged Partially damaged Table showing statistics on death and causalities of different VDCs (based on information shared by Government officials during assessments) Damaged School Primary School Secondar y school Shelter Open space Patients affected in hospital Operatio nal hospital 6