Simultaneous immunization of cattle with FMD and live anthrax vaccines

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1 Simultaneous immunization of cattle with FMD and live anthrax vaccines Alejandra Capozzo Head of the Applied Veterinary Immunology Lab. Institute of Virology, Buenos Aires. Argentina In collaboration with: Universidad del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires 1

2 Authors Juan Lahore Myrian Trotta Nancy Cardoso Osvaldo Melucci María Catena Fernando Fernández Mariano Pérez Filgueira Alejandra Capozzo ARGENTINA

3 FMD IN ARGENTINA EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STATUS: - Free with vaccination - Free without vaccination OIL-based vaccines, local producers Four strains: O1/Campos, A/Cruzeiro, A/Arg/1 and C Indaial VACCINATION CAMPAIGN: - Adults: once a year - Calves < years old: twice a year

4 FMD vaccination in Argentina SCENARIO: Compulsory and rigorously controlled FMD vaccination campaign Vaccine efficacy as well as surveillance of vaccine immunity is performed by serology. Antibody titers obtained with Liquid Phase Blocking ELISA (LPBE) have been correlated to in vivo protection to assess vaccine potency and herd immunity (EPP 7%).

5 Bovine anthrax: a global issue Hyper-Endemic-epidemic Endemic Sporadic Free Unknown

6 Bovine Anthrax Buenos Aires Province Buenos Aires Province represents % of farming land and 8% of the livestock stock: 9% of the farms have had at least one outbreak of bovine Bacillus Anthracis between 1977 and 1 6

7 Vaccination against bovine anthrax Sterne-strain live anthrax vaccine Applied exclusively to adult animals Boosters needed annually Adult cattle population has received at least three FMD vaccinations 7

8 Why to combine vaccination schedules? FMD-vaccines are applied to the whole cattle population on fixed schedules The combination or co-administration of vaccines together with the FMD vaccine appears as a practical and efficient option for immunizing livestock, as long as this practice does not interfere with the immunogenicity conferred by those vaccines applied. 8

9 Combining FMD with other vaccines: background Immunization of young calves (sc) against FMD and against infectious bovine IBR- adhenovirus/pi- (in) did not interfere with the serological response against the FMD (de Clercq et al., 1989). Interference between FMD-V and a VSV-live vaccine (Castaneda et al., 1976). The simultaneous application of FMD vaccines, particularly with live vaccines, needs to be evaluated. 9

10 Experimental design s: n= n=16 FMD-V FMD-V + ABV (each side of the neck) Serum samples obtained at,, and 9 days post-vaccination SAFETY FIRST! no adverse effects were observed along the whole experiment 1

11 Current and novel assays Aimed to evaluate different parameters of anti FMDV specific Abs CURRENT NOVEL NAME LPB-ELISA VNT Avidity ELISA IgG1 ELISA IgG1/IgG ELISA INFORMATION Total Abs Neutralizing Abs Avidity index of Abs IgG1 titer Ratio between IgG1 and IgG 11

12 Total specific antibodies O1/Campos A A/Cruzeiro B (A/Cruzeiro) (A/Cruzeiro) (A/Cruzeiro) FMD-V FMD-vaccine FMD-vaccine alone alone FMD + ABVFMD + ABV * * * * FMD-V A FMD-V + ABV 7 1 6/11/1 1/1/1 B 6 & & p=.168 FMD-vaccine alone * * (A/Cruzeiro) 6 p=.19 & * /11/1 1/1/1 7 1 C C AI % EPP=7% D 6 EPP=7% FMD + ABV FMD-V + ABV * p=. 6/11/1 1/1/1 p=. 6/11/1 1/1/1 1

13 A O1/Campos A/Cruzeiro B (A/Cruzeiro) (A/Cruzeiro) (A/Cruzeiro) Total specific antibodies FMD-V * * FMD-vaccine alone FMD-vaccine FMD-vaccine alone alone FMD + ABVFMD + ABV * * * * & & FMD-V + ABV & * C AI % EPP=7% EPP=7% FMD + ABV * * p= //1 1/1/1 FMD-V FMD-V + BAV 1

14 Avidity of specific antibodies 1 8 AI % (O1/Campos) 6 FMD-V FMD-V + ABV FMD-vaccine FMD-vaccine alone alone FMD + ABVFMD + ABV * * * * AI % (A/Cruzeiro) 6 PB-ELISA titer (A/Cruzeiro) PB-ELISA titer (A/Cruzeiro) & & 1

15 IgG isotypes induced by vaccination A B IgG1 titer IgG1 titer ( dpv) 1 IgG1 C IgG titer FMD-V FMD-V + ABV FMD-V FMD-vaccine alone FMD + ABV FMD-vaccine alone FMD-V FMD + + ABV ABV p=. D 6 * * * * r FMD-V 1 FMD-V + ABV 7 1 Vaccine iter ro) & IgG titer ( dpv) 1 IgG 1

16 CONCLUSIONS The Sterne-strain live anthrax vaccine can be coadministered with an oil-based tetravalent FMD vaccine in adult cattle, producing no impact in the humoral responses against FMDV booster responses. This is the first study on the FMD responses elicited in cattle simultaneously immunized with FMD and anthrax vaccines. The information provided here can be particularly useful in endemic regions with compulsory FMD vaccine programs 16

17 Beef comsuption in Argentina is over 6 Kg/person/year FMD THANK YOU The Applied Veterinary Immunology Lab. INTA- Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA 17