Table 1 Four parameters (S.I., T1/2, K value, 120minRR) on Ornoprostil or placebo.

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2 Fig. 1 Gastric emptying curve and its analysis. The emptying curve was plotted with the percent retention rate at each sampling time. T1/2=the time at which 50% of marker had been emptied. 120min RR=the percent retention rate 120 min. after the meal. K value=the percent retention rate rose immediately after the meal and then decreased in a straight line manner for a time. The linear regression line was obtained from over 3 points during this period (y=-kx+ a: K=%/min.). The linearity of regression was tested yielding r values rang ingfrom 0.95 to S.I.=the time of which the percent retention rate was 95% on the line mentioned above. (22)

3 Table 1 Four parameters (S.I., T1/2, K value, 120minRR) on Ornoprostil or placebo. Fig. 2 The effect of Ornoprostil on gastric empty ing.the mean emptying curves were plotted with the mean percent retention rate at each sampling time on Ornoprostil or placebo. (mean }SE) (*p<0.05, **p<0.02, ***p<0.01, ****p<0.001 compared to placebo.) (23)

4 Fig. 3 The effect of Ornoprostil on four parameters. T1/2 and 120min RR were effected by Ornoprostil (*p<0.05, **p<0.02), but neither S.I. nor K values were affected significantly. Fig. 4 The mean serum gastrin concentrations after the meal with Ornoprostil or placebo. Serum gastrin levels did not change before meal ingestion, not was the meal-induced serum gas trinlevel secretion effected by Ornoprostil significantly. It had a tendency, however, to in creasein the early phase of gastric emptying. (24)

5 Fig. 5 The mean serum prolactin level after meal with Ornoprostil or placebo. Serum prolactin did not change significantly because of Ornoprostil at any time during the test. (25)

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7 3) Robert A, Nezamis JE, Phillips JP: Inhibition of gastric secretin by prostaglandins. Am J Dig Dis 1967, 12: ) Wilson DE, Phillips C, Levine RA: Inhibitin of gastric secretion in man by prostaglandin A ôsh ô1 ôss ô. Gastroenterology 1971, 61: ) Classen M, Koch H, Bichhardt J, et al: The effect of prostaglandin E ôsh ô1 ôss ô on the pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion in man. Diges tion1971, 4: ) Soll AH: Specific inhibitin by prostaglandin E ôsh ô2 ôss ô and I ôsh ô2 ôss ô of histamine stimulated [ ôuh ô14 ôus ôc] aminopyr ineacumulatin and cyclic AMP generation by isolated canine parietal cells. J Clin Invest 1980, 65: ) Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, et al: Cytoprotectin by prostaglandins in rats. Gas troenterology1979, 77: ) Bounameaux Y, Kuruppachery V: Influence of trimoprostii at daily dose of and 0.75mg on gastric emptying after a liquid meal. A placebo-controled, double-blind cross-over study conducted by PD Dr. F. Tympner, Ger many.ƒ ƒbƒvƒ ŽÐ àž, 1985, B-114: ) Moore JG, Alazraki N, Clay GD: Effect of synthetic prostaglandin E ôsh ô1 ôss ô analogon gastric emptying of meals in man. Dig Dis Sci 1986, 31: ) Christian PE, Datz FL, Sorenson JA, et al: Technical factors in gastric emptying studies. J Nucl Med 1983, 24: ) Bennett A, Fleshier B: Prostaglandins and the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 1970, 14) Sanders KM, Jones CD: Regulation of the muscles responsible for gastric emptying by endogenous prostaglandins. Dig Dis Sci 1982, 27: ) Meyer JH, Thomson JB, Cohen MB, et al: Sieving of solid food by the canine stomach and sieving after gastric surgery. Gastroenter ology1979, 76: ) Milenov K, Golenhofen K: Contractile responses of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle of the canine stomac to prostaglandins E and F ôsh ô2 ôss ôƒ. Prostaglandins Leukotriens Med 1982, 8: ) Konturek SJ, Kwiecien N, Swierczek J, et al: Comparison of methylated prostaglandin E ôsh ô2 ôss ô analogues given orally in the inhibition of gastric responses to pentagastrin and peptone meal in man. Gastroenterology 1976, 70: ) Peterson W, Feldman M, Taylor I, et al: The effect of 15(R)-15-methyl prostaglandin E ôsh ô2 ôss ô on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide in duodenal ulcer patients. Dig Dis Sci 1979, 24: ) Konturek SJ, Robert A, Hanchar AJ, et al: Comparison of prostacyclin and prostaglandin E ôsh ô2 ôss ô on gastric secretion, gastrin release, and mucosal blood flow in dogs. Dig Dis Sci 1980, 25: ) Shimatsu A, Kato Y, Yanaihara N, et al: Effect of prostaglandin E ôsh ô1 ôss ô on vasoactive intesti nalpolypeptide release from the hypothalamus and on prolactin secretion from the pituitary in rats. Endocrinology 1983, 113: ) Behrman HR: Prostaglandins in hypoth - alamopituitary and ovarian functin. Ann Rev Physiol 1979, 41: ) Vierhapper H, Marrain PB, Waldhausl W: Effect of i.v. prostaglandin E ôsh ô2 ôss ô on the secretin of pituitary hormones in healthy men. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1983, 82:

8 Effect of synthetic prostaglandin E ôsh ô1 ôss ô analogue on gastric emptying of solid meal in man Hiroyuki OKANO, Susumu SAEKI, Takatoshi NAKASHIMA, Masaki MIYAMOTO, Tomei OH, Akihiko TAKATA, Yukio KAWAI, Yusaku ONOYAMA, Hideki MITOOKA, Yoshinobu TOMOFUJI, Tsutomu YASUDA and Shigeaki BABA1) 1) The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine We administrated the synthetic prostaglandin E ôsh ô1 ôss ô analogue Ornoprostil to eight healthy volunteers and studied its effect on gastric solid meal emptying via four parameters, namely starting index (S.I.), T1/2, K value, and 120min RR. This is a procedure we have followed before2). We also observed the effects of Ornoprostil on meal-induced serum gastrin and prolactin secretion was compared them to placebo effects. Administration of 5ƒÊg Ornoprostil significantly delayed T1/2 and tended to delay S.I. and to lower the K valve; it significantly raised 120min RR. Ornoprostil on the whole reduced gastric emptying. Meal-induced serum gastrin secretion tend to be high during the early phase of gastric emptying under Ornoprostil, but serum prolactin was not affected. (28)