A comprehensive review into the efficacy of chromium supplementation on enhancement of body composition and physical performance

Transcription

1 A comprehensive review into the efficacy of chromium supplementation on enhancement of boy composition an physical performance Item Type Thesis or issertation Authors Black, Brian G. Publisher University of Chester Downloa ate 14/10/ :39:01 Link to Item

2 Appenix B Master Data Table of Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Boy Mass or Composition Author Date Jaa 3-item Score Subjects (n) a Dosage ( µg Cr -1 ) Chromium Supplement Duration (weeks) Evans (stuy one) /5 10 Males 200 CrPic 5.7 Evans (stuy two) /5 Hasten et al /5 Clancy et al /5 Trent et al /5 31 Males Football 37 Males 22 Females 21 Football 79 Males 16 Females 200 CrPic CrPic CrPic CrPic 16 Hallmark et al /5 16 Males 200 CrPic 12 Training Protocol (frequency) (4 wk -1 ) & Running (4 & 2 wk -1 ) Exercise (3 hrs wk -1 ) Anaerobic (1.5 hrs wk -1 ) Compliance Monitore b Measurement Technique c 3-site Skinfol, 3-site Skinfol 3-site Circumference 3-site Skinfol, 3-site Circumference 7-site Skinfol, 20-site Circumference 2-site(M); 3-site(F) Circumference Hyroensitometry, 6-site Skinfol, 5-site Circumference Kaats et al / & 400 CrPic 10.3 ne Water Displacement Lukaski et al /5 36 Males 171 & 182 Grant et al /5 Kaats et al /5 43 Females 17 Males 105 Females 400 CrChl & CrPic CrNic & CrPic 400 CrPic (5 wk -1 ), Cycling & (peometer to assess EE), 4-site Skinfol Hyrostatic Weighing Chromium Effects Increase in Lean Boy Mass Increase in Lean Boy Mass, Loss of Boy Fat Females increase Boy Weight s s s Decrease in Boy Weight, Percentage Boy Fat an Fat Weight s Increase in Boy Weight in none exercising CrPic subjects, Decrease in Boy Weight in exercising CrNic subjects Decrease in Fat Mass, Decrease in Boy Weight, Percentage Boy Fat an Fat Mass when ajuste for ifferences in EI & EE Appenix B Page 1

3 Appenix B Master Data Table of Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Boy Mass or Composition (continue) Walker et al /5 Campbell et al /5 Crawfor et al /5 Amato et al /5 Livolsi et al /5 Volpe et al /5 Campbell et al /5 Diaz et al /5 20 Males Wrestlers 18 Males (56-69 yrs) 18 Females Overweight 9 Males 10 Females 15 Females Softball 44 Females 17 Females (54-71 yrs) 35 Females Overweight 200 CrPic CrPic Niacin- Boun Chromium 2 Months 1000 CrPic CrPic CrPic CrPic CrPic 12 Exercise (3 wk -1 ) Exercise (activity recore) & Walking (5 wk -1 ) Lukaski et al /5 83 Females 200 CrPic 12 ne a Subjects (numbers of males/females, an author specifie classification) 9-site Skinfol, 10-site Circumference 8-site Skinfol, Bioelectrical Impeance Decrease in Fat Mass, Sparing of Lean Boy Mass Hyrostatic Weighing 8-site Skinfol, 4-site Skinfol b c This refers to compliance to exercise protocol, which coul be achieve through supervision of training or activity logs an compliance with regars to chromium supplementation, which coul be achieve via capsule count, interviews or questionnaires. Refers to the measurement technique to assess boy composition (skinfol thickness, circumference measures, hyrostatic weighing or ual x-ray absorptiometry). These are significant (p < 0.05) changes in boy mass or composition compare to baseline an placebo trials. Key Cr = Chromium; CrPic = Chromium Picolinate; CrNic = Chromium Nicotinate; CrChl = Chromium Chlorie Appenix B Page 2

4 Appenix B Master Data Table of Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Physical Performance Author Date Jaa Training Dosage Cr. Duration Measurement 3-item Subjects (n) a ( µg Protocol Cr -1 ) Supplement (weeks) Technique b Score (frequency) Chromium Effects c Hasten et al /5 37 Males 200 CrPic Females 1RM & Clancy et al /5 21Males 200 CrPic 9 Running Bioex - 1RM (4 & 2 wk -1 ) Hallmark et al /5 16 Males 200 CrPic 12 Walker et al /5 20 Males 200 CrPic 14 Cybex - 1RM, Bruce Protocol - VO 2max, Wingate - AnP s Campbell et al /5 18 Males 924 CrPic 12 Placebo group gaine more left & right knee-extension strength 8 Males 400 Davis et al /5 (repeate measures) (1hr prior to exercise) CrPic n/a n/a Shuttle Running s Livolsi et al /5 15 Females 500 CrPic 6 Softball Cybex - 1RM s Campbell et al /5 17 Females 924 CrPic 12 s Appenix B Page 3

5 Appenix B Master Data Table of Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Physical Performance (continue) a b c Subjects (number of males/females, an author specifie classification) Measurement technique (Bran of exercise equipment use or exercise protocol use, e.g. Bruce protocol, Wingate test an Shuttle running. These are significant (p < 0.05) changes in physical performance reporte in the stuy etermine to be irectly associate with chromium supplementation. Duration shown in weeks, with the exception of Davis et al. (2000) where an alternative stuy esign was use, assessing short-term effects of acute chromium consumption 60 minutes prior to exercise. Key Cr = Chromium; CrPic = Chromium Picolinate 1RM - The maximum amount of weight which can be lifte in one-repetition. VO 2max maximal aerobic capacity. AnP peak anaerobic capacity Appenix B Page 4