Stroke Prevention. Adding years of healthy life. A Public Education Guide to. National Healthcare Group Adding years of healthy life

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Raymond Hines
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1 An educational service brought to you by the NHG Stroke Workgroup A Public Education Guide to Stroke Prevention Adding years of healthy life National Healthcare Group Adding years of healthy life

2 Stroke occurs because part of the brain is damaged by lack of blood supply. The lack of blood supply to the brain may be due to blockage or bursting of a brain blood vessel called an artery. The lack of blood supply leads to the symptoms of stroke. About 10% of stroke victims die from stroke. Many of those who survive are left severely disabled by the stroke. Hardening of blood vessel wall Damaged Lining Fatty Deposits What are the risk factors of stroke? The following increase the risk of stroke: years old and above but even younger people can get a stroke 2. Male 3. High blood pressure 4. Smoking 5. High cholesterol 6. Diabetes mellitus 7. Irregular heart beat (atrial fibrillation) 8. Previous stroke or TIA ( mini-stroke ) 9. Excessive alcohol use Plaque Clot What are the symptoms of stroke? The following symptoms may suggest a stroke is occurring: 1. Weakness or numbness of one side of the body 2. Slurred speech, difficulty in speaking 3. Loss of vision, double vision 4. Unsteadiness in walking, uncoordinated movements 5. Giddiness together with one of the above symptoms 6. The worst headache in your life 7. Loss of consciousness, coma Please seek urgent medical attention if you experience any of the above symptoms. Front cross-sectional view of the brain Haemorrhagic stroke (burst blood vessel) How can a stroke be prevented? You can lower your stroke risk by: 1. Early detection and treatment of high blood pressure 2. Not smoking 3. Early detection and treatment of high cholesterol 4. Early detection and treatment of diabetes mellitus 5. Early detection and treatment of atrial fibrillation 6. Taking prescribed medication for previous stroke/tia 7. Limited alcohol intake 8. Adopting a healthy lifestyle Ischaemic stroke (clot in blood vessel) Area at risk You can do a lot to reduce your stroke risk. See a doctor at least once a year for a medical check-up if you are over 40 years old. Take all prescribed medications.

3 Healthy eating Regular exercise

4 Angin ahmar berlaku kerana sebahagian daripada otak telah rosak akibat kekurangan bekalan darah. Kekurangan bekalan darah boleh disebabkan oleh saluran darah otak yang dipanggil arteri, menjadi tersumbat atau pecah. Kekurangan bekalan darah mengakibatkan gejala-gejala angin ahmar. Lebih kurang 10% daripada mangsa angin ahmar mati akibat daripada penyakit ini. Ramai yang terselamat menjadi cacat akibat daripada angin ahmar. Watch your weight Stop smoking! Apakah faktor faktor risiko angin ahmar? Perkara-perkara berikut meningkatkan risiko mendapat angin ahmar: 1. Usia yang lebih 40 tetapi orang yang muda juga boleh mendapat angin ahmar 2. Kaum lelaki 3. Tekanan darah tinggi 4. Merokok 5. Kolestrol yang tinggi 6. Kencing manis 7. Degupan jantung yang tidak tetap (fibrilasi atrium) 8. Pernah diserang angin ahmar atau TIA (angin ahmar mini) 9. Minuman keras yang berlebihan Apakah pertanda angin ahmar? Gejala-gejala berikut mungkin tanda angin ahmar sedang berlaku: 1. Merasa lumpuh atau kebas di sebelah tubuh 2. Penuturan yang tidak jelas, kesukaran bercakap 3. Kehilangan penglihatan, penglihatan berganda 4. Perjalanan yang tidak stabil, tidak ada koordinasi 5. Merasa pitam beserta dengan tanda-tanda lain 6. Sakit kepala yang paling teruk di dalam hidup anda 7. Tidak sedarkan diri, coma Sila dapatkan bantuan perubatan dengan segera jika anda mengalami sebarang daripada tanda-tanda ini. Bagaimanakah angin ahmar boleh diatasi? Anda boleh mengurangkan risiko mendapat angin ahmar dengan: 1. Pengesanan dan rawatan awal tekanan darah yang tinggi 2. Tidak merokok 3. Pengesanan dan rawatan awal kolestrol yang tinggi 4. Pengesanan dan rawatan awal kencing manis 5. Pengesanan dan rawatan awal fibrilasi atrium 6. Mengambil ubat seperti yang disarankan untuk angin ahmar/tia 7. Menghadkan minuman keras 8. Mengamalkan gaya/cara kehidupan yang sihat Banyak yang anda boleh buat untuk menurunkan risiko angin ahmar. Jumpa doktor sekurang-kurang nya sekali dalam setahun untuk pemeriksaan keseluruhan jika usia anda lebih dari 40 tahun. Ambil semua ubat yang di-beri.

5 Monitoring blood pressure Detect atrial fibrillation early

MEDICAL CHECK-UP FORM (for Malaysian Students)

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