2016:26: % [1] Frederick Foley 9,600 25% [2,3] DOI: /ICJ

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1 203 1,3 1,2, :26: Frederick Foley 4 95% [1] 9,600 25% [2,3] DOI: /ICJ

2 204 [4-6] ( ) (extraluminal infection) (endogenous) 70% (66%) [2] ( ) (intraluminal infection) (exogenous) [2,7-9] 34% (glycocalyx) [2,7] (2 ) (2~6 ) (6 ) (4 ) (5 ) [10] 15% 25% 2~4 10% 13% 1% Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis Enterobacter sp. Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus Candida species 30% 5% E. coli Providencia stuartii 95% E. coli P. aeruginosa P. mirabilis P. stuartii Morganella morganii [10]

3 205 Gram-negative bacilli (48.2%) Yeast (35.9%) Gram-positive cocci (15.9%) non-albicans Candida spp. (31%) Enterococci (10.1%) E. coli (9.9%) [4] ( ) Candida species Candida species E. coli Yeast-like E. coli Candida species P. aeruginosa [11] 1964 Gillespie 97% 8% 15% 28 43% [12] Garibaldi (30%) 18% [13] [14] (1) (2) (3) (Category-IA) (Category-II) [15] [7] [2] Conway Larson

4 206 [16] [14] ( ) ( ) ( ) 8 1/2 ( ) 1 [17] Reid ( ) (p > 0.1) [18] 88 [19] Keerasuntonpong (79 ) (74 ) % ( / ) 10.8% ( /) (95% 7.8%~13.8% p = 0.7) % 36.5% (p = 0.9) [20] Lockwood

5 207 [21] (Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI) (B ) [22] [7] 1. Salgado CD, Karchmer TB, Farr BM: Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. In: Wenzel RP, eds. Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infection. 4th. Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2003: Chenoweth CE, Saint S: Urinary tract infection. In: Jarvis WR, eds. Hospital Infections. 5th. Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2007: ;23: Chen YY, Chen LU, Lin SY, et al: Surveillance on secular trends of incidence and mortality for device-associated infection in the intensive care unit setting at a tertiary medical center in Taiwan, : A retrospective observational study. BMC Infect Dis 2012: Chen YY, Wang FD, Liu CY, et al: Incidence rate and variable cost of nosocomial infections in different types of intensive care units. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009;30: Chen YY, Chou YC, Chou P: Impact of nosocomial infection on cost of illness and length of stay in intensive care units. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26: Pratt RJ, Pellowe CM, Wilson JA, et al: epic2: National evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections in NHS hospitals in England. J Hosp Infect 2007;65:S Tissot E, Limat S, Cornette C, et al: Risk factors for catheter-associated bacteriuria in a medical intensive care unit. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001;20: ;25: Siracusano S, Ciciliato S, Ollandini G, et al (2011): Catheters and Infections. Online Available (2016) (TNIS) 2015 Online professional/info.aspx?treeid=3f2310b d &nowtreeid=e40fc8c &tid=61e08c0b 53605A Gillespie WA, Lennon GG, Linton KB, et al: Prevention of urinary infection in gynaecology. Br Med J 1964;2: Garibaldi RA, Burke JP, Dickman ML, et al: Factors predisposing to bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization. N Eng J Med 1974;291:

6 Tambyah PA, Oon J: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012;25: Gould CV, Umscheid CA, Agarwal RK, et al: Guideline for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010;31: Conway LJ, Larson EL: Guidelines to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection: 1980 to Heart Lung 2012;41: Reid RI, Webster O, Pead PJ, et al: Comparison of urine bag-changing regimens in elderly catheterised patients. Lancet 1982;2: Dille CM, Kirchhoff KT: Decontamination of vinyl urinary drainage bags with bleach. Rehabil Nurs 1993;18: K e e r a s u n t o n p o n g A, T h e a r a w i b o o n W, Panthawanan A, et al: Incidence of urinary tract infections in patients with short-term indwelling urethral catheters: A comparison between a 3-day urinary drainage bag change and no change regimens. Am J Infect Control 2003;31: L o c k w o o d C, P a g e T, C o n r o y T, e t a l : Management of short-term indwelling urethral catheters to prevent urinary tract infections. JBI Reports 2004;8: The Joanna Briggs Institute: Management of short-term indwelling urethral catheters to prevent urinary tract infections. Best Practice: evidencebased information sheets for health professionals. Best Practice 2010:14.

7 209 Maintenance of Urinary Drainage System and the Replacement of Myth Yin-Yin Chen 1,3, Fu-Der Wang 1,2,3 1 Infection Control, 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 3 National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Foley catheters with a closed urinary drainage system are widely used in medical care. National health authorities and related health care societies provide guidelines for the prevention of catheter-related urinary tract infections in health care workers. They all agree that the maintenance of the closed drainage system is an important factor. Improper operation and care of the system can result in urinary tract infections. This article provides clinical care reference for microorganisms pathways, common pathogens, and the maintenance and replacement of the urinary drainage system. Key words: Foley catheter, urinary drainage system, urinary tract infection