The Relation of Surgery for Prostatic Hypertrophy to Carcinoma of the Prostate
|
|
- Mavis Melina Lane
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 138, No. 5 Copyright C 1993 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Printed in U.SA. All rights reserved The Relation of Surgery for Prostatic Hypertrophy to Carcinoma of the Prostate Brad D. Simons, 1 Alan S. Morrison, 1 ' Robert H. Young, 2 and Wendy Verhoek-Oftedahl 1 The authors evaluated the risk of death from prostate cancer in Rhode Island men who had had surgery for prostatic hypertrophy during the years The retrospective follow-up method was used. Among 4,853 men who had had either a transurethral resection or a prostatectomy, age- and time-standardized mortality from prostate cancer was 1.14 (95% confidence interval (Cl) ) times the rate in the general population of Rhode Island men. The age- and time-standardized mortality ratio was 1.01 (95% Cl ) for men who had had a suprapubic prostatectomy and 1.18 (95% Cl ) for men who had had a transurethral resection. The authors used the case-control method to relate the histologic features of prostatic hypertrophy to subsequent prostate cancer. The observed associations were weak and inconsistent. The results of this study suggest that surgically treated prostatic hypertrophy is not an important determinant of prostate cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1993; 138: histology; mortality; prostatic hypertrophy; prostatic neoplasms Cancer of the prostate accounts for approximately 11 percent of cancer deaths in US men (1). This disease is the secondleading cause of cancer death in US men aged 55 years or more (1). The epidemiology of cancer of the prostate is not well understood. There may be an association of prostate cancer with prostatic hypertrophy, but the evidence is inconsistent (2, 3). We conducted a retrospective follow-up study to investigate this relation. Our primary goal was to evaluate the risk of death from prostate cancer in men who had had surgery for prostatic hypertrophy. Secondary goals were to relate the occurrence of prostate cancer to the type of operation for prostatic Received for publication March 18,1991, and in final form May 21, Abbreviation: Cl, confidence interval. 1 Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, Rl. 2 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Deceased. Reprint requests to Dr. Wendy Verhoek-Oftedahl, Department of Community Health, Box G-A420, Brown University, Providence, Rl hypertrophy and to the histologic characteristics of the benign prostatic tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects consisted of male residents of Rhode Island under 75 years of age who were hospitalized in Rhode Island during the period and who had prostatic surgery without cancer being found. Eligibility was limited to those men who had had no previous prostatic surgery and who did not have prostate cancer or bladder cancer diagnosed before hospital admission or in the subsequent 3 months. An original aim of the project was to identify patients statewide, but three small hospitals refused to participate, and pertinent records had been lost or destroyed for various periods at some of the hospitals that did participate. Subjects were identified initially by review of original pathology reports of surgical specimens. The medical record was retrieved for each potential subject, and a follow-up form and a record abstract were initiated if the individual was found to be
2 Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer 295 eligible. Identifying data were recorded on the follow-up form. The abstract included the patient's date of birth, the date of the "index" admission (admission for initial surgery), the urologic procedure, the pathologic diagnosis, and the weight of the prostatic tissue removed. The abstract also contained provisions for recording data on subsequent prostate-related hospitalizations, the date of the most recent observation, the subject's vital status, and the causes of death of subjects who had died. The latter data items were obtained either from medical records at the "index" hospital (hospital of initial surgery) or from other follow-up procedures described below. There were 5,113 eligible subjects identified. The mean age at entry into the study was 65.0 years; 50 percent were aged Twenty-one percent were under 60, and 29 percent were aged 70 years or more. Rhode Island death certificates were searched manually, beginning with the last date on which the subject was known to be alive. The minimum matching criteria were name, date of birth, and one of the following: address, place of birth, Social Security number (for some out-of-state deaths, the state of origin of the Social Security number was used), name of next of kin, or occupation. In evaluating potential matches, we allowed for possible errors in spelling or in transcription of numbers. For men with prostate cancer listed as a cause of death on their death certificates, we sought medical records in order to record autopsy findings and to determine the date of diagnosis of prostate cancer, if it was not already known. We used the National Death Index (4) for the years and the Social Security Administration's Death Master File (5) for the years to search for deaths among men for whom a Rhode Island death certificate was not found. For each apparently correct match, the death certificate was requested from the respective state. If prostate cancer was listed as a cause of death, autopsy findings and the date of diagnosis were requested from the hospital in which the death occurred. To identify cases of prostate cancer among subjects not found to have died of the disease, we searched pathology records or medical records at each participating hospital for evidence of prostate cancer in men whose index surgery occurred at another hospital. Two additional resources were used in follow-up: lists of holders of a Rhode Island driver's license, and directories (such as the Polk directories (R. L. Polk & Company, Maiden, Massachusetts)) for cities and towns in Rhode Island and neighboring areas of Massachusetts. Name, date of birth, and address were the matching criteria for a holder of a driver's license. Name, address, and name of next of kin were used to match subjects in the city and town directories. A subject for whom no death certificate had been found was considered alive if his name was located in one of these resources. Our analysis considered observations made through Of the 5,113 eligible subjects, 3,931 (76.9 percent) were known to have died on or before December 31, In total, 4,869 subjects (95.2 percent) were known to have died, or were followed past that date. The mean number of years of observation per subject was Among 127 men who had prostate cancer listed on the death certificate, a record of a previous diagnosis of prostate cancer was found for 91 (71.7 percent). Of these, a record of histologic confirmation was found for 74 (81.3 percent). Among 3,810 men who died without prostate cancer being given as a cause of death, 110 (2.9 percent) were identified as having had a diagnosis of prostate cancer. Of these, a record of histologic confirmation was found for 94 (85.4 percent). Among 1,184 men not known to have died, 44 (3.7 percent) were identified as having had prostate cancer diagnosed, and 43 (97.7 percent) of these were found to have a histologically confirmed diagnosis.
3 296 Simons et al. The expected number of deaths was derived from mortality rates for Rhode Island men (J. Fulton, Rhode Island Department of Health, unpublished data). Adjustments for age and calendar time were made using distributions of person-years of observation for the specific group under study. The expected number of newly diagnosed cases of cancer was derived from ageand time-specific rates for Connecticut (6; L. Ries, unpublished data). A specialized histology review was carried out by means of the case-control method within the study group (7). For each death or incident case of prostate cancer identified, three controls were selected, insofar as possible, from the remaining index series of subjects. Cases and controls were matched according to age (within 5 years), as well as hospital and time of surgery for benign prostatic disease. Slides of the specimen from the index surgery were retrieved, when possible, for each case and control, and a single slide was chosen for review according to the amount of tissue and the adequacy of staining. The slides were reviewed by a pathologist (R. Y.) who did not know which subjects had developed prostate cancer. Slides were evaluated with respect to type of hyperplasia (glandular vs. fibromuscular), severity and extent of architectural atypia, and cytologic dysplasia. Slides were reviewed for 249 (88.6 percent) of 281 cases identified and for 754 (92.2 percent) of 818 selected controls. There were 23 cases and 11 controls for whom slides were reviewed who were not included in the analysis: Eleven cases were members of the study group who were known to have first developed prostate cancer after 1985; six cases had disease that was diagnosed as benign by the original pathologist but were considered by the reviewing pathologist to have prostate cancer present on the index slide; four cases were members of the study group who had been classified erroneously as cases; and two cases and 11 controls were found to be ineligible for the study. The respective 64 control slides that were reviewed for the 23 cases were retained in the study. Slides selected for 17 cases and for 30 controls could not be reviewed because the slides were not of adequate quality or did not contain prostatic tissue. Associations between histologic features of prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer were evaluated by means of odds ratios (7, 8). Age stratification (8) was incorporated into the analysis to accommodate the matching of cases and controls. Preliminary analysis indicated that it was not necessary to adjust for hospital and time of surgery. RESULTS Of the 5,113 subjects identified, 4,853 had had either a transurethral resection or a prostatectomy, and 236 had had a prostatic biopsy. Type of operation could not be determined for 24 men. Subjects who underwent a transurethral resection or a prostatectomy were considered to have had surgery for urinary obstruction from prostatic hypertrophy. The results described below are based primarily on this group. Of these 4,853 men, 2,896 (59.7 percent) had a transurethral resection during the index hospitalization, 1,906 (39.3 percent) had a suprapubic prostatectomy, and 51 (1.1 percent) had an operation that was described as "subtotal prostatectomy," "total prostatectomy," or simply "prostatectomy." Since there were no deaths from prostate cancer in subjects under 50 years of age, the analyses presented here are based on prostate cancer deaths, incident cases, and person-years of observation for men aged 50 years or more. Data on men who had biopsies were analyzed separately. Table 1 presents the prostate cancer mortality rate by age for men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction. The rate increased strongly with age. The trend with age was similar to that seen in the general population of Rhode Island men (J. Fulton, Rhode Island Department of Health, unpublished data). The prostate cancer mortality rate in men who had surgery for urinary obstruction was estimated as 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval (CI) (9))
4 Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer 297 TABLE 1. Prostate cancer mortality among Rhode Island men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction and all Rhode Island men aged 50 years or more, by age group, Age group (years) :85 All ages Men who had prostatic surgery deaths Personyears of observation 10, , , , , , ,451.41: Mortality rate* Mortality rate among Rhode Island men'.t Per 100,000 person-years of observation, t Standardized for calendar time t Excludes 974 pefson-years of observation (no deaths) In men under 50 years of age. Standardized for age and calendar time. times the rate in the general population of Rhode Island men, standardized for age and calendar time. The relation of prostate cancer mortality to duration of follow-up could be evaluated only among men aged years at observation. The results are shown in table 2. The trend was irregular. For the age group years, the mortality ratio, standardized for age and calendar time, was 1.14 (95 percent Cl ) for all years of observation. The prostate cancer mortality ratio, standardized for age and calendar time, was 1.01 (95 percent Cl ) for men who had TABLE 2. Prostate cancer mortality among Rhode Island men aged years who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction, by duration of follow-up, Duration of follow-up (years) :15 All years deaths Person-years of observation 4, , , , , ,243.2 MortaHty rate* PeMOO.OOO person-years of observation; standardized for age. a suprapubic prostatectomy and 1.18 (95 percent Cl ) for men who had a transurethral resection of the prostate. The age-adjusted mortality ratio for prostate cancer in men who had a transurethral resection as compared with those who had a suprapubic prostatectomy was estimated (7, 10) as 1.16 (95 percent Cl ). Among the men who had a prostatic biopsy, the prostate cancer mortality ratio, standardized for age and calendar time, was 4.50 (95 percent Cl ). The weight of the prostatic tissue removed was known for 4,103 (84.6 percent) of the men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction. Age-standardized prostate cancer mortality was per 100,000 person-years of observation (based on 19 cases) for men who had ^7 g of tissue removed, (13 cases) for men who had 8-13 g removed, (17 cases) for men who had g removed, (19 cases) for men who had g removed, and (19 cases) for men who had >:44 g removed. Thus, the trend with weight is irregular, but the highest rate occurred in men who had ^7 g of tissue removed. Type of operation was very highly correlated with the weight of tissue removed; much less tissue tends to be removed in a transurethral resection than in a suprapubic prostatectomy. Therefore, the associations of type of surgery and weight of tissue removed to risk of prostate cancer could not be evaluated simultaneously. Based on age- and time-specific incidence rates of prostate cancer for Connecticut (6; L. Ries, unpublished data), the observed incidence in men who had surgery for urinary obstruction was close to that expected: The age- and time-standardized incidence ratio was 1.03 (95 percent Cl ). The incidence ratio was slightly lower than the mortality ratio, which may be indicative of incomplete ascertainment of cases not followed by prostate cancer death. The observed mortality rate from all causes of death other than prostate cancer in men who had prostatic surgery for urinary
5 298 Simons et al. obstruction was 69.0 per 1,000 personyears. This rate is 1.20 (95 percent Cl ) times the rate for Rhode Island men, with standardization for age and calendar time (J. Fulton, Rhode Island Department of Health, unpublished data). The agestandardized death rate for causes other than prostate cancer was 72.9 per 1,000 personyears for men who had a transurethral resection and 63.6 for men who had a suprapubic prostatectomy. The age-adjusted mortality ratio (7, 10) was 1.16 (95 percent CI ). The reviewing pathologist considered prostate cancer to be present on the slides of 11 subjects who had been diagnosed by the original pathologist as having benign disease. Five of these subjects were known to have had a subsequent death certificate diagnosis of prostate cancer. One of the 11, who did not die of the disease, was known to have had a pathologic diagnosis of prostate cancer. We estimate that exclusion of men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction who were thought to have prostate cancer by the reviewing pathologist would have led to about a 3 percent relative reduction in the observed mortality ratio for the disease in men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction. The histologic analyses were limited to 192 cases (86.9 percent of cases eligible for histologic study for whom slides were reviewed) and 735 controls (98.9 percent of controls eligible for histologic study for whom slides were reviewed). These cases and controls had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction and were considered by the reviewing pathologist to have a benign prostatic abnormality. The odds ratio for subsequent prostate cancer was 1.43 (95 percent CI ) in men who had glandular hyperplasia as compared with men who had fibromuscular hyperplasia (table 3). Additional histologic features were evaluated in the 182 cases and 682 controls with glandular hyperplasia. Both cellular dysplasia and architectural atypia were found to have weak inverse (statistically nonsignifi- TABLE 3. Odds ratios for prostate cancer among Rhode Island men who had prostatic surgery for urinary obstruction, according to specified histologic characteristics of prostatic hyperplasia, Histologic characteristic Glandular hyperplasiat Cellular dysplasiai Architectural atypia Extent Severity cases controls Odds ratio* % confidoncs \^\^i 11nil" ^^^^ Interval * Adjusted for age. t Reference group was men with fibromuscular hyperplasia (10 cases, 53 controls). t Reference group was men with no cellular dysplasia (174 cases, 650 controls). Rated as more extensive than focal; reference group was men with focal atypia (173 cases, 639 controls). Rated as greater than mild; reference group was men with mild atypia (172 cases, 633 controls). cant) associations with prostate cancer. DISCUSSION Two previous reports have provided estimates of the association between prostatic hyperplasia and risk of prostate cancer (2, 3). Greenwald et al. (2) studied 838 patients with surgically confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia and 802 age-matched comparison patients without cancer or prostatic disease who had surgery on an organ other than the prostate. They found no overall increase in risk of prostate cancer in patients with benign hyperplasia (incidence rates were 3.0 and 3.1 cases per 1,000 person-years of observation in study and comparison groups, respectively; both mortality rates were 2.3 deaths per 1,000 person-years). Armenian et al. (3) reported results from both follow-up and case-control studies of the relation of benign prostatic hypertrophy to prostate cancer. Subjects in the prospective study included 296 men with prostatic hypertrophy and 299 age-matched controls who had no diagnosis of cancer. The series with prostatic hypertrophy included 219 men whose diagnosis had been made on
6 Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer 299 clinical grounds or by biopsy and 77 who had had a prostatectomy. After exclusion of prostate cancer cases that were diagnosed during the first 6 years of follow-up, the death rate from prostate cancer was found to be 11.3 per 1,000 person-years in the series of men with prostatic hypertrophy diagnosed clinically or by biopsy, 5.1 per 1,000 person-years in the series with prostatectomy, and 2.7 per 1,000 person-years in the comparison group. The case-control study included 290 men with prostate cancer and 290 age-matched controls without a diagnosis of cancer. The relative risk of prostate cancer was estimated to be 3.7 in men who had been hospitalized for prostatic disease more than 6 years earlier, as compared with men without such a hospitalization. Since most of the men in the prospective study by Armenian et al. (3) had only a clinical diagnosis of prostatic hypertrophy, some of their urinary symptoms may have been caused by cancer. Therefore, a stronger observed association would be expected in their study than in the study by Greenwald et al. (2), which was limited to men with surgically confirmed benign disease. Although men who had a prostatectomy had a smaller increase in risk than did men with prostatic hypertrophy who did not have a prostatectomy, the elevation of risk of prostate cancer in the period 6 years or more after diagnosis of prostatic hypertrophy in both of the studies by Armenian et al. suggests that initially undiagnosed prostate cancer was not the only reason for the observed positive association. Nevertheless, the prospective study by Armenian et al. did not clearly distinguish preclinical prostate cancer from prostatic hypertrophy at entry in most subjects. Like the study by Greenwald et al. (2), our study was limited to men who had prostatic surgery without cancer being found in the specimen. We found only a small (and not statistically significant) elevation of prostate cancer mortality in men who had surgery for urinary obstruction compared with the general population of Rhode Island men. Together, these studies indicate that surgically treated prostatic hypertrophy is not an important determinant of the risk of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer may create symptoms of urinary obstruction. The cancer may not be discovered if a partial prostatectomy is performed, but it may be diagnosed some time later. Our results provide some support for this possibility. The prostate cancer mortality rate was relatively high among men who had surgery in which only small amounts of prostatic tissue were removed. Inapparent prostate cancer might have been relatively common in this group. Furthermore, we found the prostate cancer mortality ratio to be quite high among men who had biopsies but not among men who had a transurethral resection or a prostatectomy. Biopsies seem likely to have been done because prostate cancer was suspected (although it was not found at the time). On the other hand, the prostate cancer mortality associated with prostatic hypertrophy might have been underestimated. Other things being equal, men who have had urologic evaluation and prostatic surgery without cancer being found seem less likely to harbor an inapparent cancer, and therefore less likely to die of prostate cancer in the future, than men in the general population who have not had such an evaluation. An error from this source, however, may be small: Prostate cancer tends to arise in the outer part of the prostate (11), which is usually not removed in surgery for prostatic hypertrophy. Histologically premalignant lesions of the prostate have been described. In general, these lesions occur in the peripheral zone of the prostate (11). In our study, only a few subjects had specimens that showed cellular dysplasia or architectural atypia, and we found only weak and inconsistent associations of prostate cancer with these characteristics and with hyperplasia that was glandular (versus fibromuscular). Like the results described above, these findings suggest that prostatic hypertrophy and cancer
7 300 Simons et al. are not closely related. Roos et al. (12) reported that mortality from all causes was 45 percent higher following a transurethral resection, as compared with a suprapubic prostatectomy, for prostatic hyperplasia. We observed a trend in the same direction, but the difference was much smaller: The death rate for all causes other than prostate cancer was 16 percent higher for men who had had a transurethral resection than for men who had had a suprapubic prostatectomy. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supported by US Public Health Service grant R01 CA38707 through the National Cancer Institute. The authors are indebted to Joyce Coutu Babcock for her contributions to this project. The study could not have been conducted without the cooperation of staff members of pathology and medical records departments in Rhode Island hospitals and the Division of Vital Statistics, Rhode Island Department of Health. REFERENCES 1. Silverberg E, Boring CC, Squires TS. Cancer statistics, CA 1990;40: Greenwald P, Kirmss V, Polan AK, et al. Cancer of the prostate among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1974;53: Armenian HK, LUienfeld AM, Diamond EL, et al. Relation between prostatic hyperplasia and cancer of the prostate. Lancet 1974;2: Patterson BH, Bilgrad R. Use of the National Death Index in cancer studies. JNCI 1986;77: The Death Master File. (Communication). Am J Public Health 1987;77: Young JL Jr, Percy CL, Asire AJ, eds. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results: incidence and mortality data, Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, (National Cancer Institute Monograph no. 57). 7. Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL, Morgenstern H. Epidemiologic research: principles and quantitative methods. Belmont, CA: Lifetime Learning Publications, Miettinen O. Estimability and estimation in casereferent studies. Am J Epidemiol 1976;103: Mulder PGH. An exact method for calculating a confidence interval of a Poisson parameter. (Letter). Am J Epidemiol 1983;117: Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1959;22: Bostwick DG. Pathology of the prostate. New York: Churchill Livingstone, Inc, Roos NP, Wennberg JE, Malenka DJ, et al. Mortality and reoperation after open and transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 1989;320:
Incidence of Surgically Treated Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and of Prostate Cancer among Blacks and Whites in a Prepaid Health Care Plan
American Journal of EpKtermotogy Vo! 134, No 8 Copyright C 1991 by The Johns Hopkrts Uruversfty School of Hygiene and Put*: Health Printed in US A AS rights reserved A BRIEF ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Incidence
More informationSupplemental Digital Content-Table 1. Quality assessment of included case-control studies Selection Comparability Exposure
Supplemental Digital Content-Table 1. Quality assessment of included case-control studies Selection Comparability Exposure Is the case Representativen Selection of Definition of Comparability of cases
More informationI ing therapy, the most commonly used index
WHEN MAY ENDOMETRIAL CANCER BE CONSIDERED CURED? RICHARD R. MONSON, MD,* BRIAN MACMAHON, &ID,* AND JAMES H. AUSTIN, MD+ To assess when a woman may be considered cured following treatment for endometrial
More informationAlthough current American Cancer Society guidelines
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Diffuse Adenosis of the Peripheral Zone in Prostate Needle Biopsy and Prostatectomy Specimens Tamara L. Lotan, MD* and Jonathan I. Epstein, MD*w z Abstract: We have observed a group of
More informationA Competing Risk Analysis of Men Age Years at Diagnosis Managed Conservatively for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
A Competing Risk Analysis of Men Age 55-74 Years at Diagnosis Managed Conservatively for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Peter C. Albertsen, MD 1 James A. Hanley, PhD 2 Donald F.Gleason, MD, PhD 3
More informationGUIDELINES ON NON-MUSCLE- INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER
GUIDELINES ON NON-MUSCLE- INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER (Limited text update December 21) M. Babjuk, W. Oosterlinck, R. Sylvester, E. Kaasinen, A. Böhle, J. Palou, M. Rouprêt Eur Urol 211 Apr;59(4):584-94 Introduction
More informationNPQR Quality Payment Program (QPP) Measures 21_18247_LS.
NPQR Quality Payment Program (QPP) Measures 21_18247_LS MEASURE ID: QPP 99 MEASURE TITLE: Breast Cancer Resection Pathology Reporting pt Category (Primary Tumor) and pn Category (Regional Lymph Nodes)
More informationSome prostatic diseases
Some prostatic diseases Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (Nodular Hyperplasia) Extremely common Present in a significant number of men by the age of 40 & its frequency rises progressively with age, reaching
More informationQuality ID #250 (NQF 1853): Radical Prostatectomy Pathology Reporting National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care
Quality ID #250 (NQF 1853): Radical Prostatectomy Pathology Reporting National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care 2018 OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: REGISTRY ONLY MEASURE TYPE: Process
More informationCancer in the Northern Territory :
Cancer in the Northern Territory 1991 21: Incidence, mortality and survival Xiaohua Zhang John Condon Karen Dempsey Lindy Garling Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the many people, who have
More informationPart VIII Entering Information Into the Urology Report Form
North Carolina Central Cancer Registry Instructions and Reporting Requirements Module 8 Electronic Reporting For Urology Physician Practices May 2013 North Carolina Central Cancer Registry State Center
More informationOverview FLORIDA CANCER DATA SYSTEM
Florida Cancer Data System 1 Florida Cancer Data System 2 FCDS is the legislatively mandated, population-based central cancer registry for the state of Florida. Data in the FCDS are collected from patient
More informationBenign Breast Disease among First-Degree Relatives of Young Breast Cancer Patients
American Journal of Epidemiology ª The Author 2008. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.
More informationSentinel Events: AIDS Mortality. HIV-Related vs. Not HIV-Related death as categorized in HIV surveillance
Sentinel Events: AIDS Mortality HIV-Related vs. Not HIV-Related death as categorized in HIV surveillance March 20, 2017 Outline Based on NYC DOHMH Reverse Continuum Work (Braunstein et al.) Difference
More informationType of Disinfectant in Drinking Water and Patterns of Mortality in Massachusetts
Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 69, pp. 275-279, 1986 Type of Disinfectant in Drinking Water and Patterns of Mortality in Massachusetts by Sally Zierler,*t Robert A. Danley,* and Lisa Feingold*
More informationProstate Overview Quiz
Prostate Overview Quiz 1. The path report reads: Gleason 3 + 4 = 7. The Gleason s score is a. 3 b. 4 c. 7 d. None of the above 2. The path report reads: Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the
More informationUltrasound Reimbursement Guide 2015: BioJet Fusion
Ultrasound Reimbursement Guide 2015: BioJet Fusion Diagnosis codes explain the rationale for a given service and are a key factor in a payer s evaluation of medical necessity and coverage determination
More informationStudy of High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia for a Period of Five Years B. Rajashekar Reddy 1, Rameswarapu Suman Babu 2 and P.
Indian Journal of Mednodent and Allied Sciences Vol. 2, No. 2, June-July, 2014, pp- 149-154 DOI : 10.5958/2347-6206.2014.00004.1 Original Research Study of High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
More informationReliability of Reported Age at Menopause
American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright 1997 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 146, No. 9 Printed in U.S.A Reliability of Reported Age at Menopause
More informationExploitation of Epigenetic Changes to Distinguish Benign from Malignant Prostate Biopsies
Exploitation of Epigenetic Changes to Distinguish Benign from Malignant Prostate Biopsies Disclosures MDxHealth Scientific Advisor 2 Case Study 54-year-old man referred for a PSA of 7 - Healthy, minimal
More informationACCME/Disclosures. Cribriform Lesions of the Prostate. Case
Cribriform Lesions of the Prostate Ming Zhou, MD, PhD Departments of Pathology and Urology New York University Langone Medical Center New York, NY Ming.Zhou@NYUMC.ORG ACCME/Disclosures The USCAP requires
More informationMeasure #250 (NQF 1853): Radical Prostatectomy Pathology Reporting National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clincial Care
Measure #250 (NQF 1853): Radical Prostatectomy Pathology Reporting National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clincial Care 2016 PQRS OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: CLAIMS, REGISTRY DESCRIPTION: Percentage
More informationPearce, N (2016) Analysis of matched case-control studies. BMJ (Clinical research ed), 352. i969. ISSN DOI: https://doi.org/ /bmj.
Pearce, N (2016) Analysis of matched case-control studies. BMJ (Clinical research ed), 352. i969. ISSN 0959-8138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i969 Downloaded from: http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2534120/
More informationQuality ID #249 (NQF 1854): Barrett s Esophagus National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care
Quality ID #249 (NQF 1854): Barrett s Esophagus National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care 2018 OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: REGISTRY ONLY MEASURE TYPE: Process DESCRIPTION: Percentage
More informationExtract from Cancer survival in Europe by country and age: results of EUROCARE-5 a population-based study
EUROCARE-5 on-line database Data and methods Extract from Cancer survival in Europe 1999 2007 by country and age: results of EUROCARE-5 a population-based study De Angelis R, Sant M, Coleman MP, Francisci
More informationIN 1992, Berkel and colleagues reported the results
Vol. 332 No. 23 BREAST IMPLANTS AND BREAST CANCER 1535 BREAST IMPLANTS AND BREAST CANCER REANALYSIS OF A LINKAGE STUDY Abstract Background. In 1992, Berkel and colleagues reported in the Journal the results
More informationQuality ID #249 (NQF 1854): Barrett s Esophagus National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care
Quality ID #249 (NQF 1854): Barrett s Esophagus National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care 2018 OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: CLAIMS ONLY MEASURE TYPE: Process DESCRIPTION: Percentage
More informationSTUDY OF PROSTATIC LESION FOR A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS
Page222 IJPBS Volume 4 Issue 2 APR-JUN 2014 222-226 Research Article Biological Sciences STUDY OF PROSTATIC LESION FOR A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS B. Rajashekar Reddy 1, Rameswarapu Suman Babu 1 and Sujatha.P*
More informationHandheld Radiofrequency Spectroscopy for Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Margins During Breast-Conserving Surgery
Last Review Status/Date: December 2014 Page: 1 of 6 Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Description Breast-conserving surgery as part of the treatment of localized breast cancer is optimally achieved
More informationPROSTATE CANCER SCREENING: AN UPDATE
PROSTATE CANCER SCREENING: AN UPDATE William G. Nelson, M.D., Ph.D. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins American Association for Cancer Research William G. Nelson, M.D., Ph.D. Disclosures
More informationStrategies for data analysis: case-control studies
Strategies for data analysis: case-control studies Gilda Piaggio UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction World Health Organization
More informationInternationally indexed journal
www.ijpbs.net Internationally indexed journal Indexed in Chemical Abstract Services (USA), Index coppernicus, Ulrichs Directory of Periodicals, Google scholar, CABI,DOAJ, PSOAR, EBSCO, Open J gate, Proquest,
More informationLarge Colorectal Adenomas An Approach to Pathologic Evaluation
Anatomic Pathology / LARGE COLORECTAL ADENOMAS AND PATHOLOGIC EVALUATION Large Colorectal Adenomas An Approach to Pathologic Evaluation Elizabeth D. Euscher, MD, 1 Theodore H. Niemann, MD, 1 Joel G. Lucas,
More informationRapid Case Ascertainment in Population and Hospital- Based Studies: Notes From the Field
Rapid Case Ascertainment in Population and Hospital- Based Studies: Notes From the Field James R. Cerhan, M.D., Ph.D. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine University of Iowa College of Public Health Overview
More informationPATTERN OF PROSTRATE DISEASES- A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY IN JAMMU
PATTERN OF PROSTRATE DISEASES- A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY IN JAMMU *Neha Angurana Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana- 141008 Punjab, India *Author for Correspondence ABSTRACT Benign hypertrophic
More informationCancer survival and prevalence in Tasmania
Cancer survival and prevalence in Tasmania 1978-2008 Cancer survival and prevalence in Tasmania 1978-2008 Tasmanian Cancer Registry University of Tasmania Menzies Research Institute Tasmania 17 Liverpool
More informationCancer Programs Practice Profile Reports (CP 3 R) Rapid Quality Reporting System (RQRS)
O COLON MEASURE SPECIFICATIONS Cancer Programs Practice Profile Reports (CP 3 R) Rapid Quality Reporting System (RQRS) Introduction The Commission on Cancer s (CoC) National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) staff
More informationM I C A H J A C O B S, M. D, M. P. H.
M I C A H J A C O B S, M. D, M. P. H. 4328 Santa Barbara Dallas, TX 75214 (203) 675 2262 micah.jacobs@aya.yale.edu EDUCATION Master of Public Health (06/2010) University of Washington Doctor of Medicine
More informationPrognostic value of the Gleason score in prostate cancer
BJU International (22), 89, 538 542 Prognostic value of the Gleason score in prostate cancer L. EGEVAD, T. GRANFORS*, L. KARLBERG*, A. BERGH and P. STATTIN Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska
More informationHyperplastic, Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of the Prostate Gland
Jehoram Tei Anim, md, FRCPath; Sitara Abdul Sathar, MB; Mohammed Ejaz Bhatti, MSc From the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait. Address reprint requests and correspondence
More informationCitation Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1997, 42
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) The Relation of Prostate Tissue Pro Transmissibility and Thermal Effect Kubota, Sigehiro; Yushita, Yoshiaki Yoshikazu; Daikuzono, Norio Citation Acta medica
More informationTHE incidence of cancer of the prostate gland among men who have symptoms
PROSTATE GLAND BIOPSY EUGENE F. POUTASSE, Department of Urology M.D. THE incidence of cancer of the prostate gland among men who have symptoms of bladder neck obstruction is about one out of five. The
More information2007 New Data Items. Slide 1. In this presentation we will discuss five new data items that were introduced with the 2007 MPH Coding Rules.
Slide 1 2007 New Data Items Data Due in: Days In this presentation we will discuss five new data items that were introduced with the 2007 MPH Coding Rules. Slide 2 5 New Data Items Ambiguous Terminology
More informationPROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA AND SOCIAL CLASS
Brit. J. prev. soc. Med. (1964), 18, 157-162 PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA AND SOCIAL CLASS BY From the Department of Social Medicine, University of Aberdeen It has been known for many years that death rates from
More informationHandheld Radiofrequency Spectroscopy for Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Margins During Breast-Conserving Surgery
7.01.140 Handheld Radiofrequency Spectroscopy for Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Margins During Breast-Conserving Surgery Section 7.0 Surgery Subsection Description Effective Date November 26, 2014
More informationThis section allows identifying the facility, this information is important for data quality follow up. Source of Standard. Source of Standard
Data Dictionary Case Administration This section allows identifying the facility, this information is important for data quality follow up Facility Name This identifier is needed to evaluate This data
More informationHandheld Radiofrequency Spectroscopy for Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Margins During Breast-Conserving Surgery
Last Review Status/Date: December 2016 Page: 1 of 6 Intraoperative Assessment of Surgical Description Breast-conserving surgery as part of the treatment of localized breast cancer is optimally achieved
More informationNon-QPP Measures. # Measure Title Definition Type Domain. Cryptorchidism: Inappropriate use of scrotal/groin ultrasound on boys
Non-QPP Measures # Measure Title Definition Type Domain 1 Cryptorchidism: Inappropriate use of scrotal/groin ultrasound on boys Percentage of patients (boys) =< 18 years of age newly diagnosed with undescended
More informationThyroid Nodules: Understanding FNA Cytology (The Bethesda System for Reporting of Thyroid Cytopathology) Shamlal Mangray, MB, BS
Thyroid Nodules: Understanding FNA Cytology (The Bethesda System for Reporting of Thyroid Cytopathology) Shamlal Mangray, MB, BS Attending Pathologist Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI DISCLOSURE:
More informationcreatinine lab order placed abdomen, MRI abdomen, ultrasound abdomen ordered or performed
Non-QPP Measures # Measure Title Definition Type Domain 1 Cryptorchidism: Inappropriate use of scrotal/groin ultrasound on boys Percentage of patients (boys) =< 18 years of age newly diagnosed with undescended
More informationQuality ID #395: Lung Cancer Reporting (Biopsy/Cytology Specimens) National Quality Strategy Domain: Communication and Care Coordination
Quality ID #395: Lung Cancer Reporting (Biopsy/Cytology Specimens) National Quality Strategy Domain: Communication and Care Coordination 2018 OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: REGISTRY ONLY MEASURE TYPE:
More informationBC Cancer Cervix Screening 2015 Program Results. February 2018
BC Cancer Cervix Screening 2015 Program Results BC Cancer Cervix Screening 2015 Program Results 2 Table of Contents BC Cancer Cervix Screening 2015 Program Results... 1 Table of Contents... 2 Program Overview...
More informationReport on Cancer Statistics in Alberta. Melanoma of the Skin
Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta Melanoma of the Skin November 29 Surveillance - Cancer Bureau Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta - 2 Purpose of
More informationORIGINAL INVESTIGATION
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION A Population-Based Study of Bilateral Efficacy in Women at Elevated Risk for Breast Cancer in Community Practices Ann M. Geiger, PhD; Onchee Yu, MS; Lisa J. Herrinton, PhD; William
More informationAssociation of Clinical Benign Prostate Hyperplasia with Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Revisited: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Men
EUROPEAN UROLOGY 60 (2011) 691 698 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.europeanurology.com Platinum Priority Prostate Cancer Editorial by Ryan P. Kopp, Stephen J. Freedland and J.
More informationMucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of prostate: report of two cases of a rare and diagnostically challenging entity
& 2005 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved 0893-3952/05 $30.00 www.modernpathology.org Mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of prostate: report of two cases of a rare and diagnostically challenging
More informationANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY TARIFF
ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY TARIFF A GUIDE TO UTILISATION. The following guidelines have been agreed by consensus of Anatomical Pathologists who are members of the Anatomical Pathologist s Group, or the National
More informationCancer. Description. Section: Surgery Effective Date: October 15, 2016 Subsection: Original Policy Date: September 9, 2011 Subject:
Subject: Saturation Biopsy for Diagnosis, Last Review Status/Date: September 2016 Page: 1 of 9 Saturation Biopsy for Diagnosis, Description Saturation biopsy of the prostate, in which more cores are obtained
More informationThe New England Journal of Medicine A POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF SEIZURES AFTER TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES
A POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF SEIZURES AFTER TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES JOHN F. ANNEGERS, PH.D., W. ALLEN HAUSER, M.D., SHARON P. COAN, M.S., AND WALTER A. ROCCA, M.D., M.P.H. ABSTRACT Background The risk
More informationProstate Pathology: Prostate Carcinoma, variants and Gleason Grading (Part 1)
Prostate Pathology: Prostate Carcinoma, variants and Gleason Grading (Part 1) Jae Y. Ro, MD, PhD June 7, 2012 Ten Leading Cancer Types for the Estimated New Cancer Cases and Deaths By Sex, United States,
More informationQuality ID #395: Lung Cancer Reporting (Biopsy/Cytology Specimens) National Quality Strategy Domain: Communication and Care Coordination
Quality ID #395: Lung Cancer Reporting (Biopsy/Cytology Specimens) National Quality Strategy Domain: Communication and Care Coordination 2018 OPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL MEASURES: CLAIMS ONLY MEASURE TYPE:
More informationI have no financial relationships to disclose. I WILL NOT include discussion of investigational or off-label use of a product in my presentation.
Prostate t Cancer MR Report Disclosure Information Vikas Kundra, M.D, Ph.D. I have no financial relationships to disclose. I WILL NOT include discussion of investigational or off-label use of a g product
More informationProcedures Needle Biopsy Transurethral Prostatic Resection Suprapubic or Retropubic Enucleation (Subtotal Prostatectomy) Radical Prostatectomy
Prostate Gland Protocol applies to invasive carcinomas of the prostate gland. Protocol web posting date: July 2006 Protocol effective date: April 2007 Based on AJCC/UICC TNM, 6 th edition Procedures Needle
More informationSuspicious Cytologic Diagnostic Category in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided FNA of the Pancreas: Follow-Up and Outcomes
Suspicious Cytologic Diagnostic Category in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided FNA of the Pancreas: Follow-Up and Outcomes Evan A. Alston, MD 1 ; Sejong Bae, PhD 2 ; and Isam A. Eltoum, MD, MBA 1 BACKGROUND:
More informationEvaluation of Serosal Nerves in Hirschsprung Disease
Evaluation of Serosal Nerves in Hirschsprung Disease Mudassira and Anwar ul Haque Department of Pathology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Introduction: For the diagnosis of Hirschsprung
More informationPercentage of patients who underwent endoscopic procedures following SWL
Non-QPP Measures Measure ID Measure Title Definition Type Domain 1 AQUA12 Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: IPSS improvement after diagnosis Percentage of patients with NEW diagnosis of clinically significant
More informationFNA Thyroid Cytology Structured Reporting Proforma
FNA Thyroid Cytology Structured Reporting Proforma Mandatory questions (i.e. protocol standards) are in bold (e.g. S1.03). Family name Given name(s) Date of birth S1.02 Clinical details Male Female Intersex/indeterminate
More informationMANAGING BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY IN PRIMARY CARE DR GEORGE G MATHEW CONSULTANT FAMILY PHYSICIAN FELLOW IN SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
MANAGING BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY IN PRIMARY CARE DR GEORGE G MATHEW CONSULTANT FAMILY PHYSICIAN FELLOW IN SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INTRODUCTION (1) Part of male sexual reproductive organ Size
More informationReport on Cancer Statistics in Alberta. Breast Cancer
Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta Breast Cancer November 2009 Surveillance - Cancer Bureau Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta - 2 Purpose of the
More informationName of Policy: Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy
Name of Policy: Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy Policy #: 449 Latest Review Date: September 2013 Category: Surgery Policy Grade: B Background/Definitions: As a general rule, benefits are payable
More information2019 COLLECTION TYPE: MIPS CLINICAL QUALITY MEASURES (CQMS) MEASURE TYPE: Process
Quality ID #249 (NQF 1854): Barrett s Esophagus National Quality Strategy Domain: Effective Clinical Care Meaningful Measure Area: Transfer of Health Information and Interoperability 2019 COLLECTION TYPE:
More informationTransurethral Prostatic Resection for Acute Urinary Retention in Patients with Prostate Cancer
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Transurethral Prostatic Resection for Acute Urinary Retention in Patients with Prostate Cancer Chang-Chi Chang, Junne-Yih Kuo*, Kuang-Kuo Chen, Alex Tong-Long Lin, Yen-Hwa Chang, Howard
More informationCervical Screening for Dysplasia and Cancer in Patients with HIV
Cervical Screening for Dysplasia and Cancer in Patients with HIV Adult Clinical Guideline from the New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute w w w.hivg uidelines.org Purpose of the Guideline Increase
More informationTHE BURDEN OF CANCER IN NEBRASKA: RECENT INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY DATA
THE BURDEN OF CANCER IN NEBRASKA: RECENT INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY DATA Presented by: Bryan Rettig, MS Nebraska Dept. of Health & Human Services Division of Public Health May 31, 2017 Nebraska Cancer Registry
More information3/28/2017. Disclosure of Relevant Financial Relationships. GU Evening Subspecialty Case Conference. Differential Diagnosis:
GU Evening Subspecialty Case Conference Rajal B. Shah, M.D. VP, Medical Director, Urologic Pathology Miraca Life Sciences, Irving, Texas Clinical Associate Professor of Pathology Baylor College of Medicine,
More informationSynonyms. Nephrogenic metaplasia Mesonephric adenoma
Nephrogenic Adenoma Synonyms Nephrogenic metaplasia Mesonephric adenoma Definition Benign epithelial lesion of urinary tract with tubular, glandular, papillary growth pattern Most frequently in the urinary
More informationCollege of American Pathologists. Pathology Performance Measures included in CMS 2012 PQRS
College of American Pathologists Pathology Performance Measures included in CMS 2012 PQRS Breast Cancer Resection Pathology Reporting Measure #99 pt category (primary tumor) and pn category (regional lymph
More informationbleeding Studies naar de diagnostiek van endom triumcarcinoom bij vrouwen met postm nopauzaal bloedverlies. Studies on the
Studies on the diagnosis of endometria cancer in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Studies naar de diagnostiek va endometriumcarcinoom bij vrouwen m postmenopauzaal bloedverlies. Studies on the diagnosis
More informationAtypical Hyperplasia/EIN
EIN Atypical Hyperplasia/EIN Based on scientific and diagnostic advances, in 2014 the WHO moved that the precursor lesion for endometrioid carcinoma be atypical hyperplasia/ein, rather than what was previously
More informationReport on Cancer Statistics in Alberta. Kidney Cancer
Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta Kidney Cancer November 29 Surveillance - Cancer Bureau Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention Report on Cancer Statistics in Alberta - 2 Purpose of the Report
More informationAscertaining and reporting interval cancers in BreastScreen Aotearoa: A protocol NATIONAL SCREENING UNIT (NSU) MINISTRY OF HEALTH
Ascertaining and reporting interval cancers in BreastScreen Aotearoa: A protocol NATIONAL SCREENING UNIT (NSU) MINISTRY OF HEALTH Dr. Simon Baker National Screening Unit Ministry of Health October 2005
More informationAbstract. J Pak Med Assoc
Intraprostatic Tissue Infection in Catheterised Patients in comparison to Controls A. N. Talpur, A. T. Hasan, M. A. Sheikh Department of Urological Surgery and Transplantation, Jinnah Postraduate Medical
More informationTestosterone and the Prostate
Testosterone and the Prostate E. David Crawford, MD Professor of Surgery (Urology) and Radiation Oncology Head, Urologic Oncology E. David and Vicki M. Crawford Endowed Chair in Urologic Oncology University
More informationFINDINGS from a clinical trial (Protocol B-06) conducted
1456 THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Nov. 30, 1995 REANALYSIS AND RESULTS AFTER 12 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP IN A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING TOTAL MASTECTOMY WITH LUMPECTOMY WITH OR WITHOUT IRRADIATION
More informationDOWNLOAD OR READ : TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI
DOWNLOAD OR READ : TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Page 1 Page 2 treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment of benign prostatic pdf treatment of benign prostatic
More informationROLE OF PROSTATIC BASAL CELL MARKER IN DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS
Original Research Article Pathology International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299 ROLE OF PROSTATIC BASAL CELL MARKER IN DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS SUBATHRA K* Department of pathology,
More informationInvited Re vie W. Analytical histopathological diagnosis of small hepatocellular nodules in chronic liver diseases
Histol Histopathol (1 998) 13: 1077-1 087 http://www.ehu.es/histoi-histopathol Histology and Histopathology Invited Re vie W Analytical histopathological diagnosis of small hepatocellular nodules in chronic
More informationTreatment of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Case. How would you manage this woman?
Treatment of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Karen Smith-McCune Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences I have no conflicts of interest Case How would you manage this
More informationCan erythropoietin treatment during antiviral drug treatment for hepatitis C be cost effective?
Below Are Selected Good Abstracts from Digestive Disease Week 2006 Meeting Published in Gut. 2006 April; 55(Suppl 2): A1 A119. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc1859999/?tool=pmcentrez Can erythropoietin
More informationSurgical Management of Metastatic Colon Cancer: analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database
Surgical Management of Metastatic Colon Cancer: analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database Hadi Khan, MD 1, Adam J. Olszewski, MD 2 and Ponnandai S. Somasundar, MD 1 1 Department
More informationOutcomes Following Negative Prostate Biopsy for Patients with Persistent Disease after Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Clinical Urology Post-radiotherapy Prostate Biopsy for Recurrent Disease International Braz J Urol Vol. 36 (1): 44-48, January - February, 2010 doi: 10.1590/S1677-55382010000100007 Outcomes Following Negative
More informationLung Cancer Risk Associated With New Solid Nodules in the National Lung Screening Trial
Cardiopulmonary Imaging Original Research Pinsky et al. Lung Cancer Risk Associated With New Nodules Cardiopulmonary Imaging Original Research Paul F. Pinsky 1 David S. Gierada 2 P. Hrudaya Nath 3 Reginald
More informationIntraductal carcinoma of the prostate on needle biopsy: histologic features and clinical significance
& 2006 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved 0893-3952/06 $30.00 www.modernpathology.org Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on needle biopsy: histologic features and clinical significance Charles C Guo 1 and
More informationSelection Bias in the Assessment of Gene-Environment Interaction in Case-Control Studies
American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright 2003 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 158, No. 3 Printed in U.S.A. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg147 Selection Bias in the
More informationMorphologic Criteria of Invasive Colonic Adenocarcinoma on Biopsy Specimens
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Pathology Volume 12 Number 1 Morphologic Criteria of Invasive Colonic Adenocarcinoma on Biopsy Specimens C Rose, H Wu Citation C Rose, H Wu.. The Internet Journal of Pathology.
More informationremoval of adenomatous polyps detects important effectively as follow-up colonoscopy after both constitute a low-risk Patients with 1 or 2
Supplementary Table 1. Study Characteristics Author, yr Design Winawer et al., 6 1993 National Polyp Study Jorgensen et al., 9 1995 Funen Adenoma Follow-up Study USA Multi-center, RCT for timing of surveillance
More informationCancer as a Disease. Linda D. Rego, CTR March 2009
Cancer as a Disease Linda D. Rego, CTR March 2009 Historic perspective First records date as early as 2500 B.C. In Egypt recorded on papyrus Outlines pharmacological, mechanical and magical treatments
More informationCancer mortality and saccharin consumption
Brit. J. prev. soc. Med. (1976), 30, 151-157 Cancer mortality and saccharin consumption in diabetics BRUCE ARMSTRONG*1 A. J. LEA,t A. M. ADELSTEIN2, J. W. DONOVANt2, G. C. WHITE2, S. RUTTLE3 Department
More informationAuthors KC Cheng, LF Lee, KW Wong, HC Chan, CL Cho, H Chau, KM Lam, HS So. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital
Efficacy of Routine Screening of Urine Culture before Transurethral Prostatectomy on the Improvement of the Post Operative Outcome - a Single Centre Experience Authors KC Cheng, LF Lee, KW Wong, HC Chan,
More informationBreastScreen Victoria Annual Statistical Report
BreastScreen Victoria Annual Statistical Report 29 BREASTSCREEN VICTORIA: ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT, 29 Produced by: BreastScreen Victoria Coordination Unit Level, 3 Pelham Street, Carlton South Victoria
More information