Nutrition and HLB Management, 70 Years Experience from China
|
|
- Marcus Norris
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Nutrition and HLB Management, 70 Years Experience from China Yulu Xia North Carolina State University Ron Sequeira USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Merida, Mexico July 21, 2010
2 Content The Big picture Why the topic? A Brief on Citrus production, HLB, and ACP in China Nutritional approach for HLB management in China, 70 years experience Overall situation Selected studies since 1937 Field practice and lessons learned Conclusions and Questions
3 Why the topic? Using nutritional approach gathers momentum in Florida.»Nutrition makes grove look good (next slide)»the long time before the symptom shows up after the initial infection» Old tree never die, just fade away
4 A four-year old groves with 100% infested HLB plants. But it looks good in the spring with good fertilization
5 Why the topic? Scientific community and growers»we must provide the answers»experience in China may shortcut our experience»china experienced the same frustration»save our $, more importantly, time
6 The Big picture A Brief on Citrus Production, HLB, and ACP in China
7
8 Citrus Growing Area in China China has a much larger citrus production area.
9 ACP The Reported Big Pictures in at least ACP 11 prov Occu.
10 The Major HLB The HLB Big BeltPictures Occurrence HLB Occur. HLB mainly occurs in the southern costal provinces: Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujiang
11 The first observations of diseased citrus corresponding to what is now recognized as HLB were in southern China in the late 19th century. In the mid-20th century, the Chinese researcher K.H. Lin provided a scientific description of HLB and demonstrated its infectious nature. --- National Research Council, Strategic Planning for the Florida Citrus Industry: Addressing Citrus Greening Disease (Huanglongbing), May 2010
12 K. H. Lin promoted in China, in the middle of the 20th century, a three-pronged approach to combating HLB after its appearance in a region (i)elimination of liberibacter inoculum by removal of symptomatic trees, (ii) insecticide treatments to keep psyllid vector populations as low as possible, and (iii) production of healthy citrus trees in closed, insect-proof nurseries for new orchards as well as for replacements of removed symptomatic trees
13 Picture taken in 1930s showing HLB in Chaoshan, Guangdong
14 Long and diverse citrus production system
15
16
17
18 Nutritional approach for HLB management in China 70 Years History A Brief of our current projects in China Overall situation Selected studies since 1937 Field practice and lessons learned Conclusions & Questions
19 Our current projects in China Two grant projects by USDA APHIS APHIS s emphasis on method development My background in ACP back in 1980s, in together with Andrew Beattie ACP/HLB Field Method Development and Outreach Chinese HLB/ACP Literature Inventory
20 Collaborators: South China Agri. Univ. (SCAU) Fujian Academy of Agri. Sci (FAAS) Guangxi Citrus Research Insti. (GCRI) Guangdong Entomological Insti. (GEI) The Citrus Institute, Chinese Academy of Agri Sci.
21 Survey SCAU, FAAS, GCRI The epidemiological significance of Murraya paniculata and Murraya spp. - FAAS Microbials and Plant Immune Activation - FAAS Dynamics of Reset Plants Migration patterns of ACP - SCAU Oils and Soaps for Field Management - GEI Best Practices for ACP/HLB Management GEI & Additional Insect Vectors and Host plants - SCAU Chinese literature review and inventory GEI ACP insecticide resistance and resistance management (GCRI)
22 Nutritional approach for HLB management in China 70 Years History A Brief of our current projects in China Overall situation Selected studies since 1937 Field Practice and Lessons learned Conclusions and Questions
23 A Review of research on nutrition for HLB management since Overview Using nutritional approach for HLB management had been proposed since 1930s There were fierce debates on the issue since 1950s all the way to 1980s Numerous field studies, area-wide programs, and surveys have been conducted, no indication of effectiveness Difference in response to nutrition among citrus species/cultivars
24 Selected studies First study was conducted during the period of by professor CHEN Che Poh, in the middle of the world II (Japan occupied China) CHEN QB: A report of a study of Huanglongbing in Chaoshan. Quarterly Bulletin of New Agriculture
25
26
27 CHEN QB: A report of a study of Huanglongbing in Chaoshan. Quarterly Bulletin of New Agriculture Nutritions zinc sulphate (ZnSo 4 ), copper sulphate (CuSo 4 ), boron(h 3 BO 3 ), calcium sulphate (CaSo 4 ), ferric sulphate(feso 4 ), potassium hydrophosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ), magnesium sulphate(mgso 4 ), soy bean residue, etc. Application methods surface spraying trunk drill soil application
28 Experiment 1(20 th August 1937 July 1938) Nutrition elements such as zinc sulphate (ZnSo 4 ), copper sulphate (CuSo 4 ), boron(h 3 BO 3 ), calcium sulphate (CaSo 4 ), ferric sulphate(feso 4 ), potassium hydrophosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ), magnesium sulphate(mgso 4 ) were filled (powder) into trunk Table 1. Dose of nutrition element by trunk application of HLB trees Nutrition elements Dose (g) Treatments ZnSo 4 CuSo 4 H 3 BO 3 CaSo 4 KH 2 Po 4 MgSo Total dose /tree (g) Ⅰ g Ⅱ g Ⅲ g Ⅳ g Ⅴ g
29 Experiment 1(20 th August 1937 July 1938) Nutrition elements such as zinc sulphate (ZnSo 4 ), copper sulphate (CuSo 4 ), boron(h 3 BO 3 ), calcium sulphate (CaSo 4 ), ferric sulphate(feso 4 ), potassium hydrophosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ), magnesium sulphate(mgso 4 ) were soil treated Table 2. Dose of nutrition element by soil application Nutrition elements ZnSo 4 CuSo 4 H 3 BO 3 CaSo 4 KHPo 4 MgSo 4 Solution concentration 10% 5% 4% 15% 6% 3% Treatments Dose/treatment (liter) Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ + 3
30 Result of Experiment 1 Treatments Trunk treatment Soil treatment Trunk treatment Soil treatment Trunk treatment Soil treatment Trunk treatment Soil treatment Trunk treatment Soil treatment Trunk treatment Soil treatment Sample tree number and HLB situation CK CK.N. 1/11 D 2/4 D 3/1 D 3/4 D 4/2 D 4/9 D 4/10 D 4/5 N 1/40 X 1/42 X 2/43 D 2/45 D 2/46 X 2/47 D 1/1 N 2/8 X 3/5 X 3/7 D 6/6 O 6/7 X 6/8 X 3/10 X 4/6 N 3/35 D 3/42 D 8/6 D 8/2 D 8/6 X 8/4 X 1/3 N 1/4 X 3/11 X 4/1 D 5/4 D 5/6 D 6/5 D 6/9 N 5/5 N 1/11 X 1/19 D 1/24 X 3/4 D 3/11 X 3/3 X 1/6 N 1/5 D 1/6 D 5/8 D 5/11 X 6/1 D 6/2 D 1/13 D 3/3 N 3/24 X 3/29 X 3/54 X 2/34 X 3/9 D 1/34 X 1/7 N 1/9 N 2/3 D 2/6 D 6/4 D 6/10 D 6/12 D 2/7 D 1/10 N 3/30 O 1/8 X 1/22 X 1/26 D 1/30 X 1/9 D 1/33 N 1/7 D 1/8 N 2/9 N 4/8 D 5/? D 5/7 N 1/12 N 2/10 N 2/41 X 1/36 X 2/35 X 2/7 X 3/25 X 3/37 O 1/16 N
31 Experiment 2 (2 nd June to 29 th October 1939) Zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) spraying on 12 mid-term HLB diseased citrus trees two times ( 2 nd and 16 th June 1939), 12 the same diseased trees without treatment as control. Before 29 th October 1939, there is no difference between treatment and CK (Table 4). Table 4 HLB control effect of Zinc sulphate spraying HLB diseased trees Treatment Number of tree Situation of trees from 2 nd June to 29 th October 1939 Renewing Invariant Deteriorating Dead ZnSO 4 spraying CK
32 Experiment 3 (30 th August April 1941) Spraying and painting experiments using former compounds or elements of nutrition were applied in HLB citrus plants in Xitouyanting orchard in August Every treatment was used 2 litres solution containing compounds or elements according to Table 5, then sprayed or painted them on branches and leaves of 4- year old citrus trees (Number of trees was unknown) which were infected with HLB during the initial diseased stage.
33 A large number of field studies were conducted using nutrition/fertilization and other cultural practices for managing HLB from early 1940s to 1980s in China, no long-term success or benefit had been demonstrated.» LIN KH The Key Issues in Management of HLB. Bulletin of Citrus Technology and Technology 3-4: 28 37» ZHAO XY & YH JIANG Effective HLB management is a key step in Liuzhou s citrus production Chinese Southern Fruit. 2: 21-22
34 Nutritional approach for HLB management in China 70 Years History A Brief of our current projects in China Selected studies since1937 Field practice and lessons learned Conclusions and Questions
35 Field Practice and Lessons Learned The three-pronged approach, e.g. 1) using pathogen free seedlings, 2) removal of the infested plants, and 3) control of vector insects, was proposed by Dr. Lin and other researchers in 1950s. However, this approach was not widely adopted in China, even at minority sometimes, using nutrition and other culture practice was repeatedly advocated by growers and event scientists.» LIN KH 1956, 1957, and 1962
36 A test of removal infested tree, conducted by Dr. Lin KH to # of Citrus Tree Removal Area Control Total plants at start Total infested plants at start 11 (4.8%) 13 (6.6%) Newly Infested (3.5%) 19 (9.6%) Newly infested (29.2%) 112 (56.8%) LIN KH Ten Year Debate on HLB and the Future. The South Daily. March 29, March 30, March 31, 1962.
37 LIN KH Observation on yellow shoot of citrus: aebiological studies of yellow shoot of citrus. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 2: LIN KH Ten Year Debate on HLB and the Future. The South Daily. March 29, March 30, March 31, 1962.
38 1950s Several influence citrus growers (so called Model Growers), the best known case, Mr. GUO Kun Chen, claimed that they had cured HLB on their groves by using nutrition approach, in together with other cultural practices in early 1950s. Other scientists, mainly plant physiologist and crop scientist who didn t involved much with the disease, joined the camp.
39 This view became widespread by the late of 1950s, lead to local government sponsored Mass Area-wide of HLB Management Program, mainly by increasing fertilization, cutting the heavily infested branches, and removing decayed roots, across the huge HLB occurrence area in southern China, especially in Fujian and Guangdong Provinces, started in As expected, the program failed. HLB became even more serious.
40 1960s and later Nutrition and other cultural practice have been practiced among the small-scale, family-own groves. The three-pronged approach is not widely used by these growers. Few scientists, especially those who didn t conduct field study on the issue, advocated the approach. E.g. HOU XY 1985, distinguished botanist and An Academician of CAS. This is the main reason that HLB is still a problem there.
41 Credit: Bai XJ
42
43 The three-pronged approach adopted by the bigger, professional growers, and works well across China. HLB Rate % % 5% 1% 1% 0.44% 0.23% 0.13% 0.05% Year: 1 = 2001 HLB Occurrence in Li Xing Citrus Plantation, Guangxi Prov. credit: Bai XJ
44 WU DY 2010 HLB and Integrated Management. Pp Guangdong Scientific Press. LIN KH Ten Year Debate on HLB and the Future. The South Daily. March 29, March 30, March 31, 1962.
45 Other major studies and references LIN K.H Acta Phytophylacica Sinica. 2(3): 2-16** LIN K.H Acta Phytophylacica Sinica. 2(3): ** ZHAO X.Y Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 7: 8-11** LIN C.K Acta Phytophylacica Sinica. 3(3): LIN C.K. (Beijing Agri Univ.) Acta Phytophylacica Sinica. 2(3): ZENG M. X.Y. Zhao Scientia Agricultura Sinica **
46 Nutritional approach for HLB management in China 70 Years History A Brief of our current projects in China Selected studies since1937 Field practice and lessons learned Conclusions and Questions
47 HLB is a manageable disease if you follow the principle Nutrition/fertilization is not a short-term makeup, but a dangerous practice.
48
49 A more than 200 year-old of Citrus sunki grows well in Guangxi, in spite of the fact that the province is one of the most serious HLB occurrence area in the world Yulu Xia, Ron Sequeira, Ignacio Baez, Yu Takeuchi, and Rui Yang North Carolina State University and USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Denver, Co June 18, 2010 A more than 200 year-old of Citrus sunki grows well in Guangxi, in spite of the fact that the province is one of the most serious HLB occurrence area in the world (credit: BAI XJ)
A Review of Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening) Management in Citrus Using Nutritional Approaches in China
2011 Plant Management Network. Accepted for publication 27 June 2011. Published. A Review of Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening) Management in Citrus Using Nutritional Approaches in China Yulu Xia, Assistant
More informationIndustry Perspective:The Challenge of Managing Huanglongbing (HLB) and its Vector, the Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP)
Industry Perspective:The Challenge of Managing Huanglongbing (HLB) and its Vector, the Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) MaryLou Polek Vice President Science & Technology How much do you enjoy citrus? Huanglongbing
More informationSupplemental Citrus Nutrition Programs Current Status of the Research Citrus Research and Development Foundation, July 2013
Purpose of this Communication Supplemental Citrus Nutrition Programs Current Status of the Research Citrus Research and Development Foundation, July 2013 There is considerable interest in the role that
More informationSeasonal Changes in Leaf Magnesium and Boron Contents and Their Relationships to Leaf Yellowing of Navel Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck
2010 37 81317 1324 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 1, 1,2,* 1 3 2 400712 400716 3 341000 6 P < 0.01 0.9082 0.9063 P > 0.05 S 666.4 A 0513-353X 2010 08-1317-08 Seasonal Changes in Leaf Magnesium and Boron Contents
More informationAsian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and citrus greening disease: Understanding the vector-pathogen interaction for disease management
Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and citrus greening disease: Understanding the vector-pathogen interaction for disease management Michael E. Rogers, Timothy A. Ebert, Rosana H. Serikawa,
More informationAgros Citricos Grove Visit March 18-19, 2011
Agros Citricos Grove Visit March 18-19, 2011 By Peter Spyke Introduction Peter Spyke and Dr. Pete Timmer visited the groves in March to inspect the potential of Greening (HLB) disease, and to determine
More informationOrange Hammock Grove. Small trees
Orange Hammock Grove Swingle Carrizo Small trees Subject: Maury Boyd Program Assumptions: Heavily infected HLB areas of Florida and areas reaching the Tipping Point 1 ) The bacteria prevents/impedes availability
More informationIRON CHLOROSIS IN AVOCADOS
Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 70:297-300. 1957. IRON CHLOROSIS IN AVOCADOS Roy W. Harkness and J. L. Malcolm Sub-Tropical Experiment Station, Homestead In recent years, yellowing of avocado trees has become
More informationNutritional Therapy Treatments for HLB and what appears to be Working
Nutritional Therapy Treatments for HLB and what appears to be Working Bob Rouse, UF/IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee Florida Citrus Show Havert L. Fenn Center, Fort Pierce January 24, 2013 Orange Hammock Grove 400
More informationResults after 5-years of Foliar Nutritional Therapy to HLB Valencia Trees. Bob Rouse, UF/IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee
Results after 5-years of Foliar Nutritional Therapy to HLB Valencia Trees Bob Rouse, UF/IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee Update on the Orange Hammock Grove 330 acres planted 1992 Hamlin (125 ac) & Valencia (205
More informationEffects of Soil Copper Concentration on Growth, Development and Yield Formation of Rice (Oryza sativa)
Rice Science, 05, 12(2): 125-132 125 http://www.ricescience.org Effects of Soil Copper Concentration on Growth, Development and Yield Formation of Rice (Oryza sativa) XU Jia-kuan 1, 2, YANG Lian-xin 1,
More information2017 Florida Citrus Industry Annual Conference
2017 Florida Citrus Industry Annual Conference Mycoshield Update Bob Bruss June 15 th, 2017 Inspire. Develop. Mycoshield Oxytetracycline: fermentation (Streptomyces rimosus ) Processed into 17.7% calcium
More informationCitrus Greening Symposium Bartow, April 7, 2009
Leaf Nutritional Analysis of Symptomatic HLB Trees AW A.W. SchumannandTM and T.M. Spann Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida Citrus Greening Symposium g y p Bartow, April 7, 2009
More information12. ZINC - The Major Minor
12. ZINC - The Major Minor It is the opinion of many that after nitrogen, zinc is the most limiting nutrient toward achieving maximum crop yields. More and more zinc deficiencies are being reported - many
More informationFinal Report Aphid monitoring and virus testing in strawberries
Final Report Aphid monitoring and virus testing in strawberries 15 February 2017 Prepared for: Horticulture Nova Scotia 32 Main St Kentville, NS B4N 1J5 Prepared by: Jennifer Haverstock Small Fruit Specialist
More informationCitrus Disease ID and Control. Ben Faber UC Cooperative Extension
Citrus Disease ID and Control Ben Faber UC Cooperative Extension bafaber@ucanr.edu Disease Biotic (Abiotic) ENVIRONMENT Predisposing TIME HOST Susceptible PATHOGEN Virulence ABIOTIC environmental factors
More informationHow a surprising lab result suggests a nutritional means to control HLB.
How a surprising lab result suggests a nutritional means to control HLB. Prof. Eric W. Triplett, Chair Microbiology and Cell Science Department Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of
More informationNecrotic Leaf Blotch A disorder of Pacific Rose. Prepared by Ross Wilson AgFirst April 2016
Necrotic Leaf Blotch A disorder of Pacific Rose Prepared by Ross Wilson AgFirst April 2016 Introduction Pacific Rose suffer Necrotic Leaf Blotch (NLB) badly. The key is to minimise NLB is to: A. Avoid
More informationTOTAL SULPHUR CONTENT AND ITS EFFECT ON AVOCADO LEAVES
California Avocado Society 1953-54 Yearbook 38: 171-176 TOTAL SULPHUR CONTENT AND ITS EFFECT ON AVOCADO LEAVES A. R. C. Haas Plant Physiologist, University of California, Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside
More informationAmelia Agrochemical Products Available for Licensing PRODUCT LIST
Amelia Agrochemical Products Available for Licensing PRODUCT LIST No. Product name Catalogue A. General purpose liquid fertilizers Crops Use Main Characteristics of Product 1 Amelia N- P- K 28-0- 0 AA-
More informationVolume XII, Number 14 August 6, Late Blight Management in the Columbia Basin. Updates on Potato Psyllid and Zebra Chip (ZC)
Research & Extension for the Potato Industry of Idaho, Oregon, & Washington Andrew Jensen, Editor. ajensen@potatoes.com; 509-760-4859 www.nwpotatoresearch.com Volume XII, Number 14 August 6, 2012 Late
More informationSoil Nutrients and Fertilizers. Essential Standard Explain the role of nutrients and fertilizers.
Soil Nutrients and Fertilizers Essential Standard 6.00- Explain the role of nutrients and fertilizers. Objective 6.01 Discuss macro and micro nutrients and the role they play in plant deficiencies. Macro
More informationMethods Development for Mass Production of Tamarixia radiata. Dan Flores, PhD USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Mission Laboratory
Methods Development for Mass Production of Tamarixia radiata Dan Flores, PhD USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Mission Laboratory Daniel Flores PRODUCTION Arthropod Quarantine Pakistan Strain Lab Production Taiwan
More informationFERTILIZER EFFECTS UPON MICRONUTRIENT NUTRITION OF THE AVOCADO
California Avocado Society 1959 Yearbook 43: 96-99 FERTILIZER EFFECTS UPON MICRONUTRIENT NUTRITION OF THE AVOCADO C. K. Labanauskas, T. W. Embleton, and W. W. Jones Assistant Horticulturist, Associate
More informationSeasonal Trends in Nutrient Composition of Hass Avocado Leaves 1
Proceedings of the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE 1961 78:149-160 Seasonal Trends in Nutrient Composition of Hass Avocado Leaves 1 FRANK T. BINGHAM University of California Citrus Experiment
More informationCadmium and Chromium Accumulation in the Tissues of the Chinese Rice Grasshopper, Oxya chinensis
2011,30(12):2440-2445 Journal of Agro-Environment Science Oxya chinensis 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1* 1. 030006 2. 030006 3. 030031 Oxya chinensis > > > > > > > > > > 6.798 4 mg kg -1 3.347 7 mg kg -1 P >
More informationMalaria Situation and Control in China
Malaria Situation and Control in China Dr Guan Yayi National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China CDC March 16, 2010 Luang Prabang, Lao PDR Malaria in China (1952-2009) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1952
More information2015 Griffin Fertilizer Grower Meeting
2015 Griffin Fertilizer Grower Meeting I. Back yard Bean Trial II. Young tree Root Growth Trial #1 III. Young Tree Root and Tree growth Trial #2 IV. IFAS Immokalee Trial V. IFAS Nitrate vs. Sulfate Trial
More informationUse of Soil and Tissue Testing for Sustainable Crop Nutrient Programs
Use of Soil and Tissue Testing for Sustainable Crop Nutrient Programs Kelly T. Morgan Soil and Water Science Department Southwest Florida Research and Education Center Immokalee 239 658 3400 conserv@ufl.edu
More informationEffect of Humic Acid Application on the Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco
Journal of Agricultural Science; Vol. 6, No. 11; 2014 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916-9760 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Effect of Humic Acid Application on the Yield and Quality of
More informationSEASONAL VARIATIONS IN LEAF MINERAL CONTENT
: 21-34 SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN LEAF MINERAL CONTENT J.Dixon,T.A.Elmsly,andE.M.Dixon Avocado Industry Council Ltd., P.O. Box 13267, Tauranga 3110 Corresponding author: jonathandixon@nzavocado.co.nz ABSTRACT
More informationPesticide Residues and the Glassy-winged Sharpshooter. Rick Redak Department of Entomology University of California, Riverside
Pesticide Residues and the Glassy-winged Sharpshooter Rick Redak Department of Entomology University of California, Riverside Eggs Weeks to months 10-12 days Two Generations Per year Adult GWSS 40-45 days
More informationA Guide to Citrus Nutritional Deficiency and Toxicity Identification 1
HS-797 A Guide to Citrus Nutritional Deficiency and Toxicity Identification 1 Stephen H. Futch and David P. H. Tucker 2 Citrus trees in commercial and dooryard plantings can exhibit a host of symptoms
More informationPsyllid Management: Update on protection of young trees. M. E. Rogers Citrus Institute 2015
Psyllid Management: Update on protection of young trees M. E. Rogers Citrus Institute 2015 Soil-applied neonicotinoids Foundation of young tree psyllid control programs Admire Pro (imidacloprid) Platinum
More informationGo the Distance Challenge
A Cafeteria to Classroom Challenge 1 Finish The Challenge: Can you eat healthy from Miami to Tallahassee, Florida? Try it out! As a class, group, family or school, see how far you can travel across the
More informationThe effectiveness of different application methods of zinc sulfate on nutritional conditions of apple in calcareous soils of Iran
Symposium no. 15 Paper no. 2151 Presentation: poster The effectiveness of different application methods of zinc sulfate on nutritional conditions of apple in calcareous soils of Iran RASOULI SADAGHIANI
More informationEffects of Bicarbonate and High ph Conditions on Zinc and Other Nutrients Absorption in Rice
290 Rice Science, 2004, 11(56): 290 296 http://www.ricescience.org Effects of Bicarbonate and High ph Conditions on Zinc and Other Nutrients Absorption in Rice MENG Fanhua, WEI Youzhang, YANG Xiaoe, LIN
More informationAGVISE Laboratories Established 1976
AGVISE Laboratories Established 1976 John Lee: Soil Scientist Northwood Benson Tissue and Soil Testing Together Help Make Better Decisions What is Plant Analysis Snap Shot in the life of a plant A report
More informationNUTRITION KNOW-HOW P.O. BOX 897 // WILLMAR, MN (800) // WCDST.COM
NUTRITION KNOW-HOW NUTRITION IS THE NEW AGE OF AGRICULTURE. AMMEND PREMIUM CHELATED MICRONUTRIENTS Plants are complex. They need a balance of nutrients to grow into a real financial return. And as input
More informationPotassium improves the assimilation of CO 2 (photosynthesis) and the relocation of the formed products.
4 4.1 Role in citrus production. Potassium (K) is involved in activation of many enzyme reactions in the biology of the plant. More than 60 enzymatic reactions require potassium for optimal functioning.
More informationYaraVita PROCOTE. The colors of yield.
YaraVita PROCOTE The colors of yield. Micronutrient Coating YaraVita PROCOTE is an innovative liquid technology developed by Yara for coating prilled and granular fertilizers with micronutrients. It allows
More informationFertilizer. Fertilizers. (FAO press release, April 1990): Nutrient Depletion. Nutrient Depletion 4/16/2012
Fertilizers Fertilizer Any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin which is added to a soil to supply elements essential to the growth of plants 1 2 (FAO press release, April 1990):
More informationAN UNUSUAL VIRUS IN TREES WITH CITRUS BLIGHT RON BRLANSKY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, CREC
AN UNUSUAL VIRUS IN TREES WITH CITRUS BLIGHT RON BRLANSKY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, CREC CITRUS BLIGHT KNOWN IN FLORIDA FOR OVER 100 YEARS; FIRST DESCRIBED IN 1874 PROBLEM IN FLORIDA IN THE 1970 S WITH INCREASE
More informationFor years, California citrus growers
CPDPP outreach engages all Californians For years, California citrus growers have watched the devastation to citrus industries around the world at the hands of a tiny insect and the deadly disease it spreads,
More informationBy Andrew & Erin Oxford, Bethel
Chemistry in Plant Nutrition & Growth Objectives Review elements of chemistry and apply them to plant nutrition and growth in an agricultural context. Suggested grade levels 9-12 Alaska Content Standards
More informationAn Iodine-Based Starch Test to Assist in Selecting Leaves for HLB Testing 1
HS1122 An Iodine-Based Starch Test to Assist in Selecting Leaves for HLB Testing 1 Ed Etxeberria, Pedro Gonzalez*, William Dawson and Timothy Spann 2 Diagnosing huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening disease)
More informationHost Status: What is it and why does it matter? Christina Devorshak USDA, APHIS, PPQ Center for Plant Health Science and Technology
Host Status: What is it and why does it matter? Christina Devorshak USDA, APHIS, PPQ Center for Plant Health Science and Technology A hypothetical example Multiple sources list Yellow fruit fly as attacking
More information25 FOLIAR SPRAYS. average 4750g dried leaf material (Embelton in The Citrus Industry Vol 2).
25 Plants can obtain all their non-gaseous requirements via the root system. However, most plant organs including woody parts can also absorbed nutrients from solutions (Wittwer, 1963). Although the leaves
More informationCranberry Nutrition: An A Z Guide. Joan R. Davenport Soil Scientist Washington State University
Cranberry Nutrition: An A Z Guide Joan R. Davenport Soil Scientist Washington State University Soil Derived Plant Essential Elements Macro Micro Nitrogen (N) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) Potassium (K) Calcium
More informationFixation of P. Figure 4. Illustration of the interaction between the available and unavailable pools of phosphorous in the soil.
3 3.1 Role in citrus production. The reaction of tree crops on fertilisation with phosphorous is less spectacular than that of annuals. Trees have the ability to absorbed phosphorous (P) almost all year
More informationForest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12
Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12 A-3 27._ 3450 December 1987 MI)RTALITY OF BAREROOT COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE SEEDLINGS MONTANA STATE NURSERY, MISSOULA by R. L. James, Plant Pathologist INTRODUCTION
More informationEnhancing Biological Control to Stabilize Western Orchard IPM Systems
Enhancing Biological Control to Stabilize Western Orchard IPM Systems A collaborative project between Washington State University, University of California at Berkeley, Oregon State University, USDA-ARS,
More informationThe Analysis on Fat Characteristics of Walnut Varieties in Different Production Areas of Shanxi Province
Journal of Plant Studies; Vol. 3, No. 1; 2014 ISSN 1927-0461 E-ISSN 1927-047X Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Analysis on Fat Characteristics of in Different Production Areas
More informationSoil and Leaf Tissue Testing for Commercial Citrus Production 1
SL253.04 Soil and Leaf Tissue Testing for Commercial Citrus Production 1 Thomas A. Obreza, Mongi Zekri, Edward A. Hanlon, Kelly Morgan, Arnold Schumann, and Robert Rouse 2 Introduction Nutrient deficiency
More informationLessons Learned on the Use of Antibiotics in Fruit Tree Disease Control
Lessons Learned on the Use of Antibiotics in Fruit Tree Disease Control Megan M. Dewdney Associate Professor of Plant Pathology and Extension Specialist University of Florida, IFAS Citrus Research and
More informationAbstract. Keywords: 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline, Nutrient Elements, Soilless Conditions, KDML 105. Introduction
Influence of single nutrient element on 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline contents in Thai fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Khao Dawk Mali 105 grown under soilless conditions Sakon Monggoot 1, Phumon Sookwong 1,
More informationProduct Name : Fish s Amino Nutrients
Product Name : Fish s Amino Nutrients Bio Organic Fertilizer Provides Quality Nitrogen, Among with Other Nutrients to Plants Fish Hydrolysate Fertilizer is an excellent source of many nutrients. As natural,
More informationAmbrosia Beetle Decline of Apricot and Plum in Michigan. Bill Shane
Ambrosia Beetle Decline of Apricot and Plum in Michigan Bill Shane SW Michigan Research and Extension Center Benton Harbor, MI Michigan State University shane@msu.edu Purpose of Talk Share my experiences
More informationNutrition. Grain Legume Handbook
Grain Legume Handbook Nutrition If the nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen, zinc, etc.) removed as grain from the paddock are not replaced then crop yields and soil fertility will fall. This means that fertilizer
More informationZINC FERTILIZER GROUP / MISSTOF GROEP 2. Reg. No. B4255 Act/Wet No 36 of/van 1947
ZINC FERTILIZER GROUP / MISSTOF GROEP 2 Reg. No. B4255 Act/Wet No 36 of/van 1947 Liquid Amino Acid Chelate for Foliar Application Vloeibare Aminosuur Chelaat vir Blaartoediening 68 g/kg Zn 84 g/l (S.G.:
More informationNut Crop Nutrition Understanding the Principles to Optimize the Practices.
Nut Crop Nutrition Understanding the Principles to Optimize the Practices. Fruit Growers Lab Conference Tulare, March 16, 2010 Bob Beede, UC Farm Advisor Kings County http://cekings.ucdavis.edu/ Nutrition
More informationDeveloping a Better System for Assessing the Nutritional Status of Peach and Nectarine Trees
Developing a Better System for Assessing the Nutritional Status of Peach and Nectarine Trees R. Scott Johnson, Extension Specialist, UC Kearney Agricultural Center 924 S. Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA
More information3.0 Supplying Nutrients to Crops
3.0 Supplying Nutrients to Crops Plants need for healthy growth and development. Plant nutrition involves the absorption of nutrients for plant growth and is dependent on, often referred to as nutrients.
More informationONZE LIVRE BV PRODUCT LIST
ONZE LIVRE BV PRODUCT LIST Onze Livre BV Onze Livre BV Onze Livre BV is all about supporting the farmers and contributing to a healthy environment by providing effective and sustainable products. We apply
More informationCOPPER SULFATE AS A CORRECTIVE FOR DIEBACK, A NEW DISEASE OF THE AVOCADO
152 FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY Trapp, and Waldin blocks have developed a severe little-leaf condition during the past two years, and many other trees of these varieties have been showing symptoms
More informationHow to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili. Robert R Smith
Essential Plant Nutrients How to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili Robert R Smith Nutrition Management Involves Knowledge of: Site/Soil characteristics and chemistry Plant requirements Cropping
More informationUsing Tissue and Soil Tests Together Helps Make Better Decisions. John Lee Soil Scientist AGVISE Northwood, ND
Using Tissue and Soil Tests Together Helps Make Better Decisions John Lee Soil Scientist AGVISE Northwood, ND Winter Wheat Tissue Demo Northwood, ND Prevent Plant field from 2011 Winter wheat seeded late
More informationMANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS
MANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS Authors Wanja Njoroge, Dr. Muthomi and Prof.Kimenju Department of Plant Science
More informationVector Management. Michael E. Rogers UF / IFAS / Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred
Vector Management Asian citrus psyllid and HLB Michael E. Rogers UF / IFAS / Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred Today s Presentation What to spray? When to spray? How to spray it? 2009 Florida
More informationLukasz Stelinski (FL) & Mamoudou Setamou (TX) Grower Day summary: Entomology Lessons International HLB Meeting. Orlando, FL
Lukasz Stelinski (FL) & Mamoudou Setamou (TX) Grower Day summary: Entomology Lessons 2011 International HLB Meeting Orlando, FL Session 2: Asian Citrus Psyllid Biology and Genomics 2.1: JH de León et al.
More informationNutrient Management in Subtropical Tree Crops. The avocado model
Nutrient Management in Subtropical Tree Crops The avocado model Avocado Fertilization Tissue %Dry Wt New shoots 36 Leaves 40 Fruit 33 Small branches 38 < 1 in Small branches 55 1-2 in Scion trunk 48 Rootstock
More informationMineral Nutrition of Fruit & Nut Trees. Fruit & Nut Tree Nutrition 3/1/2013. Johnson - Nutrition 1
Mineral Nutrition of Fruit & Nut Trees R. Scott Johnson Extension Pomologist UC Kearney Ag Center Fruit & Nut Tree Nutrition 1. Basic Principles 2. Sampling for Nutrients 3. Environmental Issues 4. BMPs
More informationMineral Nutrition Contributes to Plant Disease and Pest Resistance 1
HS1181 Mineral Nutrition Contributes to Plant Disease and Pest Resistance 1 Arnold W. Schumann, Tripti Vashisth, and Timothy M. Spann 2 Mineral nutrients are essential for the growth and development of
More informationImprovement of a Peat Soil for Rice Cultivation in Thailand
Jpn. J. Trop. Agr. 43(2) : 91-96, 1999 Improvement of a Peat Soil for Rice Cultivation in Thailand Tasnee ATTANANDANA, Benjaporn CHAKRANON *, Kazutake KYUMA * 2 and Pojanee MONCHAROEN * 3 Department of
More informationAGNES KTS (0-0-25)+SO3 42% Liquid T.C. Ministry of Agriculture License No.: 588 / Registration No.: 14627
AGNES KTS (0-0-25)+SO3 42% Liquid Registration No.: 14627 Characteristics: AGNES should be used fruit form of plant period until harvest period. It stimulates photosynthesis, colouring and quality of the
More informationImportant Notices. BASIS CPD Points PN/50971/1516/g
Chilli pepper results May 2016 1 Important Notices BASIS CPD Points PN/50971/1516/g This document is produced for information only and not in connection with any specific or proposed offer (the Offer )
More informationAgronomy 365 Exam I Spring 2002
Agronomy 365 Exam I Spring 2002 Name Lab Please keep your answers brief and to the point. DO NOT try to fill in all the space given unless you need it to answer the question. Where applicable, show your
More informationAGRY 515: What do you know? In 10 minutes, fill out what you can. Educated guesses are strongly encouraged.
AGRY 515: What do you know? In 10 minutes, fill out what you can. Educated guesses are strongly encouraged. Criteria for Essential Elements A. B. C. Essential Elements (17): Nonmineral (3): Mineral (14):
More informationEmbryo rescue of crosses between diploid and tetraploid grape cultivars and production of triploid plants
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10(82), pp. 19005-19010, 19 December, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb DOI: 10.5897/AJB11.977 ISSN 1684 5315 2011 Academic Journals Full
More informationSupplying Nutrients to Crops
Supplying Nutrients to Crops What is Plant Nutrition? Plants need nutrients for healthy growth and development. Plant nutrition involves the absorption of nutrients for plant growth and is dependent on
More informationCitrus Nutrition Research Leading to Revised Fertilzier Recommendations for HLB-affected
Citrus Nutrition Research Leading to Revised Fertilzier Recommendations for HLB-affected Kelly T. Morgan University of Florida Soil and Water Sciences Department Southwest Florida Research and Education
More informationModeling the Antigenic Evolution of Influenza Viruses from Sequences
Modeling the Antigenic Evolution of Influenza Viruses from Sequences Taijiao Jiang Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine October 8-10, 2015.
More informationSupporting Information for
Supporting Information for CuO Nanoparticle Interaction with Arabidopsis: Toxicity, Parent-Progeny Transfer and Gene Expression Zhenyu Wang,, Lina Xu, Jian Zhao,,, Xiangke Wang, Jason C. White, and Baoshan
More informationThe Lavender Industry
The Lavender Industry Mahmoud, SS Over 2000,000 L of lavender essential oil is produced worldwide annually Major producers: France, England and China Lavender oil is used in cosmetics, personal hygiene
More informationUpdate from Israel on the Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer and its Fusarium fungal symbiont
Update from Israel on the Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer and its Fusarium fungal symbiont Mary Lu Arpaia (Extension Specialist, UC Riverside) and David Obenland (Plant Physiologist, USDA ARS) We recently
More informationMAGIC RECIPES? Strawberry Fertigation in the UK. John Atwood Senior Horticultural Consultant.
MAGIC RECIPES? Strawberry Fertigation in the UK John Atwood Senior Horticultural Consultant www.adas.co.uk Strawberries in the UK Raised beds, polythene mulch, trickle line + fertigation Introduced 20
More informationInvasive Species Update
October 2010 Invasive Species Update Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services California Department of Food and Agriculture California is being inundated with invasive pests European Grapevine Moth Fruit
More informationPrinciples of Orchard Nutrition. Kevin Manning and Ross Wilson AgFirst
Principles of Orchard Nutrition Kevin Manning and Ross Wilson AgFirst General Principles Nutrition is generally a very small proportion of production costs ( < 2%). Poor nutrition management can severely
More informationIncorporating Micronutrients to NPK Fertilizers
Incorporating to NPK Fertilizers Presented at the 2006 IFA Agriculture Conference Jorge R. Polo Senior Technical Specialist IFDC How Plants Obtain Nutrients Nutrients Obtained from Air and Water Water,
More informationFERTILIZING. Correct time is during October and November. Sample young, fully developed, hardened off leaves.
FERTILIZING Macadamias need to be fertilized from planting. Although in small quantities it must be done to ensure good growth. The trees do grow slowly and have to be helped to grow bearing wood in as
More informationThe Effect of Boron (B) Application on the Growth and Nutrient Contents of Maize in Zinc (Zn) Deficient Soil
387 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (2006), 387-392 National Centre for Agrarian Sciences The Effect of Boron (B) Application on the Growth and Nutrient Contents of Maize in Zinc (Zn) Deficient
More informationRoses with Vitazyme application
Vitazyme Field Tests for 2018 Roses with Vitazyme application Researcher: Jan Ties Malda Research organization: Cebeco Mertstoffen B. V. and SPNA Kollumerwaard, the Netherlands Location: SPNA Kollumerwaard,
More informationTHE IMPACT OF FOLIAR APPLICATIONS OF NITROGEN AND BORON ON 'HASS' AVOCADO FRUIT SET
: 35-46 THE IMPACT OF FOLIAR APPLICATIONS OF NITROGEN AND BORON ON 'HASS' AVOCADO FRUIT SET J. Dixon, D.B. Smith, T.A. Elmsly, A.C. Greenwood and E.M. Dixon Avocado Industry Council Ltd., P.O. Box 13267,
More informationAssessment of Secondary and Micro Nutrient Status under Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment on Vertisol
Available online at www.ijpab.com Joga Rao et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 6 (4): 328-339 (2018) ISSN: 2320 7051 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.3068 ISSN: 2320 7051 Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.
More informationCITRUS WORK PLAN - CALIFORNIA. Work Plan For Citrus Exports from the State of California, United States of America to the People's Republic of China
CITRUS WORK PLAN - CALIFORNIA Work Plan For Citrus Exports from the State of California, United States of America to the People's Republic of China [*IMPORTANT NOTE: The Ceratitis capitata trapping referenced
More informationSacramento Valley Olive Day. Doug Compton Tehama County Ag Dept (530)
Sacramento Valley Olive Day Doug Compton Tehama County Ag Dept (530) 527-4504 2 Hours Continuing Ed State-issued licenses: sign attendance sheet and return completed Continuing Ed Check Out Form (1/2 sheet).
More informationEconovaPlus Fertiliser
EconovaPlus Fertiliser The complete plant growth fertiliser, bio-stimulater & carbon control solution. A bio-fertiliser based on the need for organic mineral complexes in the soil. Manufactured by building
More informationResearch Report Control of Brown Wood Rot in Lemons with Low Pressure Injection
Research Report Control of Brown Wood Rot in Lemons with Low Pressure Injection 2012 1 AZ1652 February 2015 Glenn C. Wright Department of Plant Sciences, U. of A., Yuma Agriculture Center, Yuma, AZ Abstract
More informationMicronutrient Disorders
Micronutrient Disorders by Claudio C. Pasian Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University Micronutrient disorders are the fertility problems that I see most often while visiting
More informationMarkus Braaten. Elston D. Solberg. Director of Agri-Knowledge Agri-Trend. US Director of Agri-Knowledge Agri-Trend USA
Water Drives Everything!! So Make Every Drop Count Elston D. Solberg Director of Agri-Knowledge Agri-Trend Markus Braaten US Director of Agri-Knowledge Agri-Trend USA Food, Fibre and Fuel Uptake (lbs/a)
More information