YOUR KEY TO HIGHER YIELDS. Animal Nutrition

Transcription

1 YOUR KEY TO HIGHER YIELDS Animal Nutrition

2 THE KEY TO YOUR SUCCESS 2 and poultry diets worldwide to improve the digestion of phytate-bound minerals and nutrients and to reduce feed costs. The development of Natuphos as the first feed phytase was prompted by environmental problems in regions with high concentrations of livestock. A large number of laboratory and practical experiments have demonstrated that Natuphos can help to solve these problems. Natuphos forms a part of our extensive BASF product portfolio for animal nutrition. All our enzyme products are subject to stringent quality controls and are constantly undergoing further development to find optimal solutions for your feed production needs. Furthermore, for more than ten years now, Natuphos has proven its outstanding advantages with greater profitability in animal nutrition. Our efficient phytase is added to a variety of pig

3 3 NATUPHOS AT A GLANCE Natuphos stands for Proven efficacy quantified increase in nutrient digestibility Phosphorus release optimal P supply even at low dietary P levels Sustainable production reduced excretion of unutilized nutrients Excellent profitability high bio-efficacy of the phytase, savings in feed costs

4 THE KEY TO PHOSPHORUS 4 A mineral essential for life Pigs and poultry require certain amounts of phosphorus for various biological functions. This macro-mineral is a crucial factor in bone formation and mineralization. Furthermore, it is involved in numerous other metabolic processes such as energy transfer and protein synthesis, and in the composition of nucleic acids. Consequently, phosphorus deficiency not only leads to poor bone mineralization, but also impairs important production parameters such as growth rate or carcass leanness. An adequate supply of phosphorus through the feed is essential to maintain health and performance. Sources of phosphorus Your feed ingredients supply various amounts of phosphorus that is available for metabolic processes. Feedstuffs of plant and animal origin and inorganic sources vary widely in phosphorus digestibility. In cereals and oilseeds, up to 90 % of total phosphorus can be locked up in phytate, the phosphorus reservoir for seedlings, which is almost indigestible to monogastric animals. Inorganic phosphorus sources are usually added to the diet to ensure that the animal s requirements are met. This phosphorus supplementation results in additional feed costs while considerable amounts of unutilized phosphorus from vegetable feed components are excreted, posing environmental problems. Natuphos makes bound phosphorus digestible The use of Natuphos offers you an economical and ecological benefit. Natuphos is our 3-phytase produced by non-pathogenic strains of Aspergillus niger in large-scale fermentation processes. Its addition to feed complements the limited spectrum of endogenous enzymes in pigs and poultry, enabling the animals to break down phytate. Dietary phosphorus and other nutrients locked up in phytate are efficiently released by Natuphos. They can easily be absorbed and utilized for metabolic processes instead of being lost in the manure.

5 5 Combating anti-nutritive effects Additionally, Natuphos almost completely eliminates the well-known antinutritive effects of phytate. In an experiment with 120 weaner pigs, an increase in the phytate content in the feed from 0.12 % to 0.33 % (with constant total phosphorus content) reduced growth performance of the piglets by approximately 16 %. The addition of Natuphos to the diet compensated for this negative effect (Fig. 1). Fig. 1: Natuphos compensates for the anti-nutritional effect of phytate in weaner pigs Weight gain (g/d) Cadogan et al., 1997 Control without Natuphos 625 FTU Natuphos /kg % phytate P

6 NATUPHOS FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION 6 The drawback of phosphorus The concentration of intensive livestock production in certain areas is a common feature in many countries throughout the world. In these areas, pig and poultry producers are increasingly affected by regulations regarding manure disposal to limit the overloading of soil with excessive amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen. Accordingly, the feed industry has developed feed concepts for efficient nutrient management on farms in regions of high livestock density. Their aim is to improve the farm phosphorus balance by adjusting the feed phosphorus content to be closer to the animal s requirements thus minimizing the amount of excreted phosphorus. Reducing the environmental impact In this context, many feed producers already regard Natuphos as a key to more sustainable animal nutrition. Natuphos improves the digestibility of phosphorus, enabling you to reduce feed supplementation with inorganic phosphorus and total phosphorus content of the diet. A higher proportion of your feed phosphorus is utilized by the animal instead of being lost in the manure. Phosphorus excretion can be reduced by more than 30 % (Fig. 2). Fig. 2: Reduction of phosphorus excretion in broilers Phosphorus Diet without Diet with 300 FTU Diet with 600 FTU Natuphos Natuphos /kg Natuphos /kg 0.10 % ap 0.20 % ap Feed phosphorus total P content of the feed (%) Reduction (%) Excretion total P (% of dry matter) Reduction (%) total P (g/kg live weight) Reduction (%) soluble P (mg/kg) 2,394 2, Reduction (%) Simms et al., 1999 Thus pig and poultry feeds with Natuphos are better for the environment and offer economic advantages to the farmer: Natuphos lowers the amount of land required for manure disposal, and disposal costs are reduced when manure application is limited by phosphorus content.

7 7 Beneficial effects for the environment and the animal Gastric acid acts as a natural barrier against pathogens and activates several enzymes important for the digestion of protein. However, young animals produce only limited amounts of gastric acid during their first weeks of life. Buffering substances, such as inorganic phosphorus and calcium sources, rapidly neutralize the acid. Natuphos offers nutritive advantages for solving this problem, particularly in feeding weaning piglets. By reducing Fig. 3: Influence of Natuphos on growth performance of piglets Callesen, Danske Slagterier, 1998 the inorganic mineral content in the diet, you can decrease the buffer capacity of the feed. The limited amount of gastric acid produced by the young animal can be fully active and fulfil its important functions. The optimized use of Natuphos in your feed formulation reliably prevents phosphorus deficiency even when low phosphorus diets are fed. The animal s performance is maintained at a high level (Fig. 3). A B C D weaner diet without feed antibiotics similar to diet A, but with addition of organic acids (Lupro-Cid ) weaner diet with low calcium and phosphorus level, containing organic acids similar to diet C, but with addition of Natuphos Daily weight gain, relative to 408 g/day Feed conversion ratio, relative to 1.48

8 THE KEY TO ECONOMICAL FEEDING 8 Natuphos breaks the phytate lock The anti-nutritive effect of phytate is not restricted to the loss of phosphorus. Due to its high binding potential, phytate can also form complexes with other minerals and nutrients, thus decreasing their digestibility. It can affect calcium, magnesium, and several trace elements, as well as proteins and amino acids. The release of phosphorus by Natuphos causes phytate-bound minerals or nutrients to lose their binding site on the phytate. As free molecules, they are easily absorbed and utilized by the animal instead of being lost with the manure. Fig. 4: Effect of Natuphos on P and Ca absorption in pigs Absorption (% of intake) Pallauf et al., 1992 Making full use of feed potential Experimental results verifying the positive influence of Natuphos on mineral absorption and protein digestibility are shown in figures 4 and 6. Additionally, a positive effect of Natuphos on the energetic value of feed has been demonstrated in several animal trials (Fig. 5). The effect of Natuphos on nutrient digestibility and on metabolizable energy content reduces the need for costly supplementation of these nutrients. The cost of your feed formulations can thus be lowered considerably. Phosphorus Calcium (0.6 %) A 4.0 g total P/kg B A FTU Natuphos /kg C A + 1,000 FTU Natuphos /kg D 6.0 g total P/kg

9 9 Fig. 5: Effect of Natuphos on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) in broilers Apparent metabolizable energy (MJ/kg) Ravindran and Bryden, 1999 Natuphos (FTU/kg) Fig. 6: Natuphos improves crude protein and amino acid digestibility in pigs Crude protein Lysine Methionine Cysteine Threonine Ileal digestibility (%) Kornegay et al., Natuphos (FTU/kg)

10 A PHYTASE YOU CAN COUNT ON 10 Quantified effects The efficient releasing effect of Natuphos on phytate-bound minerals and amino acids, and its influence on the energetic value of the feed have been verified and quantified in numerous feeding trials based on widely differing diets. All experimental results from pigs and poultry were entered into a comprehensive database, enabling us to deduce Natuphos matrix values. Using these nutrient equivalencies, Natuphos can be offered as an ingredient in the least-cost formulation of pig and poultry diets. You can thus take advantage of the enzymatic release of nutrients and achieve the best possible economic results. Natuphos in least-cost formulation The matrix values (Fig. 7) represent the extent to which minerals and nutrients are released from the feed by Natuphos. You can enter them into your feed optimization program in the same way you enter the analyzed nutrient contents of other feed compounds. The maximum recommended dosages of Natuphos are FTU/kg for layers and 500 FTU/kg for broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese, and pigs. The matrix values are applicable for rations based on corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, soybean meal, other vegetable protein sources, and various by-products. There is no question that the matrix values are only valid for Natuphos, which was the object of testing in the underlying experiments. The equivalencies cannot be applied to other phytases due to distinctive differences in product characteristics.

11 11 Fig. 7: Natuphos matrix values for your least-cost formulation of pig and poultry feeds Broilers/Turkeys Layers*** Pigs Nutrient One kg Natuphos Matrix values One kg Natuphos Matrix values One kg Natuphos Matrix values 5000 is equivalent to (%) 5000 is equivalent to (%) 5000 is equivalent to (%) Phosphorus* 11,500 g 1,150 19,166 g 1,916 11,500 g 1,150 Calcium 10,000 g 1,000 16,667 g 1,666 10,000 g 1,000 Lysine** 1,200 g 120 1,200 g g 80 Methionine** 100 g g g 25 Cystine** 300 g g g 30 Threonine** 1,300 g 130 1,300 g g 50 Tryptophan** 300 g g g 30 Isoleucine** 1,200 g 120 1,200 g g 50 Crude protein** 22,500 g 2,250 22,500 g 2,250 20,000 g 2,000 ME (metabolizable energy) 530,000 kcal/ 530,000 kcal/ 530,000 kcal/ 530,000 kcal/ 95,000 kcal/ 95,000 kcal/ 2,215 MJ 2,215 MJ 2,215 MJ 2,215 MJ 400 MJ 400 MJ * based on DCP; ** apparent illeal digestible; *** based on 60 g Natuphos /t of feed Kornegay, 1996, 1997; Ravindran and Bryden, 1997, 1999; Sebastian et al., 1997; Ledoux and Firman, 1998,1999; Namkung and Leeson, 1999; Ravindran et al., 1999 a, b; Schutte et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 1999; Martin et al., 1998; Yi et al., 1996; Farrell et al., 1993; Selle et al., 1999, 2000; Farrell and Martin, 1998; Mroz et al., 1994; Kemme et al., 1999; Officer and Batterham, 1992; Gagné and Pomar, 1999; Grela and Krasucki, 1997; Kornegay et al., 1998; Johnston and Southern, 1999; Radcliffe et al., 2000 a, b

12 THE KEY TO HIGHER PROFITS 12 Fig. 8: Feed optimization with Natuphos Broiler feed Turkey feed Layer feed Pig feed (USA) (USA) (Asia) (Europe) Ingredients (%) Without With Without With Without With Without With Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Natuphos Wheat % % Wheat Middlings % % 8.28 % % Barley % % Triticale % % Corn % % % % % % Peas % % Soybean Meal Hi-Pro % % % % % % 9.39 % 8.38 % Fat 6.42 % 4.14 % 6.60 % 4.50 % 4.50 % 3.55 % Molasses 2.00 % 2.00 % DCP 1.83 % 1.04 % 1.99 % 1.20 % 1.76 % 1.27 % 0.46 % CaCO % 0.98 % 0.90 % 1.04 % % % 1.07 % 1.12 % NaCl 0.40 % 0.40 % 0.40 % 0.40 % 0.31 % 0.31 % 0.39 % 0.39 % DL-Methionine 0.19 % 0.19 % 0.06 % 0.07 % 0.24 % 0.24 % 0.05 % 0.05 % L-Lysine 0.04 % 0.06 % 0.09 % 0.09 % L-Threonine 0.01 % 0.04 % 0.03 % Vitamin Premix 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % Choline Cl 50 % 0.03 % 0.03 % Choline Cl 60 % 0.05 % 0.06 % 0.06 % 0.06 % Trace Mineral Premix 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.10 % 0.40 % 0.40 % Natuphos % 0.01 % 0.01 % 0.01 % Cost per 1000 kg US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Savings US$ 5.78 US$ 4.59 US$

13 13 Maintaining performance at lower costs Natuphos releases considerable amounts of minerals, amino acids, and energy. The enzymatic release of nutrients from vegetable feedstuffs reduces the need for dietary supplementation with inorganic mineral components or amino acids sources while maintaining a high level of performance and carcass quality. Our sample calculations in figure 8 show that the effect of Natuphos is not only beneficial for the environment but also increases your profit. Natuphos saves feed costs The least-cost formulations of feed for pigs and poultry are from different regions of the world (Fig. 8). They were calculated using the Natuphos matrix values given in figure 7 and are based on current market prices of raw materials (03/2004). Our examples show that Natuphos can reduce feed costs considerably. In the U.S., Natuphos has saved up to US$ 5.80 in broiler feeds and US$ 4.60 in turkey feeds based on corn and soybean meal. In Asia, the use of Natuphos in layer feeds resulted in savings of US$ In Europe, Natuphos has saved up to 1.67 EUR in wheat based pig feeds. Of course, the savings realized may differ from the figures stated in figure 8, depending on the specific situation of your feed production.

14 SUPERIOR BIO-EFFICACY 14 A good choice The manufacturing of profitable quality feeds requires careful consideration in selecting the most efficient additives. In this context, both bio-efficacy and the price per kilogram or per enzyme unit constitute a deciding factor in determining if a phytase product is of value. Compared to competitors products, Natuphos produces a maximum release of digestible phosphorus from vegetable feedstuffs per phytase unit, or put another way, maximum conservation of inorganic mineral sources and a reduction in feed costs. Fig. 9: Growth response to liquid phytase in broilers (summary of 8 trials) Weight gain (g) Exchange rate of Natuphos versus Peniophora phytase in liquid products : Natuphos Peniophora phytase Analyzed phytase activity (FTU/kg diet) Natuphos y= x Peniophora phytase y= x

15 15 Optimum performance As illustrated in figures 9 and 10, feeding trials with broilers confirm the higher efficiency of Natuphos phytase. The mean exchange rate of Natuphos (3-phytase) versus Peniophora phytase (6-phytase) in liquid products amounts to 1:1.5. Due to the influence of formulation, the difference in the efficiency of granulated com- mercial products is even greater. Numerous trials have led to a mean exchange rate of at least 1:2 for granular Natuphos versus granular products based on Peniophora phytase. Fig. 10: Growth response to granulated phytase in broilers (summary of 4 trials) 900 Weight gain (g) Exchange rate of Natuphos versus Peniophora phytase in granular products Analyzed phytase activity (FTU/kg diet) 1 : 2 Natuphos Peniophora phytase Natuphos y = x Peniophora phytase y= x

16 Wheat IMPROVED POULTRY PERFORMANCE 16 Adverse effects of NSPs In cereal-based diets for poultry, in addition to phytate, indigestible nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) are responsible for negative effects on performance. They trap valuable nutrients in the cells of vegetable feedstuffs. Additionally, their soluble portion increases the viscosity of the digesta in the intestine. Fig. 11: Effect of different dosages of Natugrain Wheat on broiler performance % relative to control ,1 104,8 105, ,2 95,5 96,1 Targeted solutions Natugrain products effectively eliminate the anti-nutritive effects of NSPs leading to higher nutrient digestibility and improved performance in broilers, and turkeys. By supplementing feed with Natugrain, you can level out variations in the nutritive value between different kinds of cereals. This provides higher flexibility in the optimization of your poultry feed and ensures highly consistent performance. Control 50 ppm Natugrain Wheat 75 ppm Natugrain Wheat 100 ppm Natugrain Wheat Knox, 2001 Weight gain Feed conversion rate Starter feed 1-18 days with 57 % wheat Finisher feed days with 63 % wheat

17 THE DYNAMIC DUO 17 Two ways to achieve one goal The combination of Natuphos and Natugrain in poultry diets blends the benefits of the two products: each enzyme is aimed at liberating nutrients in its own way. Natuphos efficiently releases phosphorus, other minerals, and amino acids from phytate, while Natugrain degrades anti-nutritive nonstarch polysaccharides. Thus, nutrient utilization can be optimized for maximum performance in broilers, layers, and turkeys. A practicable combination Because the formulations are mutually compatible, there are no constraints if you combine the application of Natuphos and Natugrain products in your feeds. We have developed a new formulation designed for liquid application, which clearly simplifies the use of two enzymes in one feed: Natuphos Combi L. This liquid product offers the benefits of the original phytase Natuphos together with Natugrain xylanase in one single formulation. Easy enzyme application Natuphos Combi L requires only one liquid dosing unit to apply two effective enzymes to the feed. Costs for transport, storage, and internal handling are reduced. This versatile product is easy to handle and can be used for all kinds of cerealbased poultry feeds. Natuphos Combi L is approved for broilers and turkeys.

18 OUR ENZYME FORMULATIONS Product name Enzyme activity Appearance Recommended use and maximum dosage recommendation* Natuphos 5000 min. 5,000 FTU 3-phytase/g fine, yellowish brown powder min. 95 % < 0.63 mm non-pelleted compound feed and feed pelleted below 75 C 100 g/tonne for pigs, broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese; 60 g/tonne for layers Natuphos 5000 G min. 5,000 FTU 3-phytase/g fine white granules min. 90 % < 0.80 mm compound feed pelleted up to 85 C 100 g/tonne for pigs, broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese; 60 g/tonne for layers Natuphos G 1) min. 10,000 FTU 3-phytase/g fine white granules min. 90 % < 0.80 mm concentrated premixes; pelleted feed up to 85 C 50 g/tonne for pigs, broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese; 30 g/tonne for layers Natuphos 5000 L min. 5,000 FTU 3-phytase/g yellowish brown liquid compound feed pelleted above 85 C (post pelleting application) 100 g/tonne for pigs, broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese; 60 g/tonne for layers Natuphos L 1) min. 10,000 FTU 3-phytase/g yellowish brown liquid compound feed pelleted above 85 C (post pelleting application) 50 g/tonne for pigs, broilers, turkeys, ducks, geese; 30 g/tonne for layers Natuphos Combi L min. 5,000 FTU 3-phytase/g + 56,000 EXU (Endo-xylanase)/g yellowish brown liquid cereal based poultry feed pelleted above 85 C (post pelleting application) 100 g/tonne for broilers, turkeys Natugrain Wheat G min. 56,000 EXU (Endo-xylanase)/g white-tan granules min. 85 % < 0.80 mm compound feed with high content of wheat and wheat by-products pelleted up to 85 C 100 g/tonne for broilers, turkeys, layers Natugrain Wheat L min. 56,000 EXU (Endo-xylanase)/g yellowish brown liquid compound feed with high content of wheat and wheat by-products pelleted above 85 C (post pelleting application) 100 g/tonne for broilers, turkeys, layers * particular registration issues have to be respected 1) only available outside the European Union A varied range to serve your needs Beginning with the first spray-dried product, Natuphos 5000, research has been directed at the continued improvement of the phytase formulation. Today, Natuphos is available in powder and granulated forms as well as in liquid form with different phytase concentrations to meet your individual requirements for the manufacture of quality feeds under different production conditions. Liquid application Post-pelleting liquid application (PPLA) systems for feed additives point the way to the future of compound feed manufacturing. They help to avoid hydrothermal stress on heat sensitive substances, markedly reducing losses of biologically-active ingredients. The use of liquid Natuphos and Natugrain formulations is a viable alternative when higher pelleting temperatures are inevitable due to pellet quality, sanitary reasons, or capacity.

19 OUR ANIMAL NUTRITION PORTFOLIO Enzymes Phytase Natuphos 5000 Natuphos 5000 G Natuphos 5000 L Natuphos G 1) Natuphos L 1) NSP-enzymes Natugrain Wheat G Natugrain Wheat L Phytase + Xylanase Natuphos Combi L Amino acids Lysine Sewon L-Lysine HCl 99 % Feed Sewon L-Lysine Liquid 50 % Feed Carotenoids -carotene Lucarotin 10 % feed -apo-8 carotenoic acid-ethyl ester Lucantin Yellow Canthaxanthin Lucantin Red Lucantin Red CWD Citranaxanthin Lucantin CX forte Astaxanthin Lucantin Pink Lucantin Pink CWD Lucantin Pink 20 CWD Organic acids Formic acid Amasil 85 Propionic acid Luprosil Lupro-Grain Luprosil NC Luprosil salt Luprosil salt G Organic acid blends Lupro-Tect Lupro-Mix Lupro-Mix NC Lupro-Mix-Lact Lupro-Lact Lupro-Cid Lupro-Cid-Lact Amasil-Lact Performance enhancers Formi Vitamins Vitamin A Lutavit A 1000 plus Lutavit A 500 plus Lutavit A 500 S* Lutavit A/D /200 plus Lutavit A/D 3 500/100 plus Vitamin A-palmitate oil for veterinary use Vitamin A-propionate oil for veterinary use Vitamin D 3 Lutavit D Lutavit D S* Vitamin D 3 oily feed Vitamin E Lutavit E 50 Lutavit E 50 S* Vitamin E-acetate for veterinary use Vitamin E-acetate oily feed Vitamin K 3 Lutavit K 3 MSB Lutavit K 3 MNB Vitamin B 1 Vitamin B 1 mononitrate Vitamin B 1 hydrochloride Vitamin B 2 Lutavit B 2 SG 80 Vitamin B 6 Vitamin B 6 Vitamin B 12 Lutavit B 12 1% Biotin (Vitamin H) Lutavit H 2 Folic acid Folic acid Pantothenic acid Lutavit Calpan Nicotinic acid Lutavit Niacin Vitamin C Lutavit C Monophosphate 35 Lutavit blends Conjugated linoleic acid Luta-CLA 60 Luta-CLA 20 P Others Choline chloride-solution 75 % 1,2-Propandiol USP * cold water dispersible 1) only available outside the European Union = registered trademark of BASF

20 Fine Chemicals With vitamins, carotenoids, enzymes, and other products like caffeine or the amino acid lysine, we are the leading producer of additives for both the food and feed industries. We provide a valuable contribution to healthy nutrition and ecologically efficient livestock production. Active ingredients, a complete UV filter assortment, aroma chemicals and functional polymers make us partners for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, perfumery and aroma industries. A reliable alliance with our customers is based on innovative products, consistent quality management and technologically leading production systems. We are utilizing our expertise in all important applied technologies and in the formulation of additives and active materials for the further development of our product range. Our customers can obtain a large proportion of their requirements for strategic raw materials from a single source. Animal Nutrition For animal nutrition we offer the feed and livestock production industry one of the widest assortments of feed additives, preservation and ensiling products, worldwide. Through premix plants in around 25 countries we are in the position to prepare individual mixes ready for use on each customer s demand. Our products are applied in the manufacturing of efficient feedstuffs for the production of meat, eggs, milk, fish, or for pet food. The focus of our activities remains in the production of reliable and efficacious products. Therefore, we use our own research facilities to develop and improve our products and formulations. In this way, we support customers using our products in the optimisation of their feed formulas; and finally, we contribute to economically efficient animal production. Fine Chemicals = registered trademark BASF Aktiengesellschaft MEML051201e-00 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Fine Chemicals Animal Nutrition Limburgerhof Germany