PT Final Exam July 2018 Core Content Review 2 Presented by Mark. Copyright 2017 PT Final Exam

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1 PT Final Exam July 2018 Core Content Review 2 Presented by Mark Copyright 2017 PT Final Exam

2 Started as a PTA in 2006 About me Graduated as a PT from The University of Liverpool, England June 2012 Moved to America In 2013 Repeat offender Work for a large Hospital network in Grand Rapids, MI

3 Contact

4 What I did Review books as primary source, texts and others to expand on each topic Practice tests Friends/study group Know your basics Teach it

5 Academic vs Test Taking vs Silly Mistakes Academic: Can be fixed with more study time! Test Taking: Narrowed it down to 2, picked the 2nd best Silly Mistakes: Clicked wrong box, read too fast

6

7 Active Insufficiency When a muscle reaches a point where it cannot contract/stretch any further TWO joint muscle cannot complete full flex ROM Biceps (2 joint muscle: Shoulder flexion and elbow flexion) If shoulder is neutral or extended, elbow can attain full flexion If shoulder is flexed, elbow cannot complete full flex ROM

8

9 Passive Insufficiency When a muscle cannot be elongated any further (longest length) TWO joint muscle cannot stretch maximally across both joints Hamstrings If knee is flexed you can gain full hip flexion If knee is fully extended, hip flexion will be limited

10 Pelvic Tilts Anterior Pelvic Tilt ASIS moves inferior, PSIS moves superior Lumbar lordosis/extension

11 Posterior Pelvic Tilt Pelvic Tilts ASIS moves superior, PSIS moves inferior Lumbar flexion/flattening

12 Rotation of Innominates Anterior Rotation Posterior Rotation Stuck in anterior rotation Stuck in posterior rotation ASIS : Lower ASIS: Higher PSIS: Higher PSIS: Lower

13 Long Sit test Anterior Rotation Posterior Rotation Supine: Longer Supine: Shorter Sitting: Shorter Sitting: Longer

14

15 Nutation Sacrum Anterior Sacral tilt Sacral base (top) moves Anterior and Inferior Apex (bottom, pointy part) moves Posterior and Superior Moves with Posterior Pelvic Tilt

16 Sacrum Counternutation Posterior Sacral Tilt Sacral base (top) moves Posterior and Superior Apex (bottom, pointy part) moves Anterior and Inferior Moves with Anterior Pelvic Tilt

17 Sacrum Counternutation Posterior Sacral Tilt Sacral base (top) moves Posterior and Superior Apex (bottom, pointy part) moves Anterior and Inferior Moves with Anterior Pelvic Tilt

18 Scapular Movements

19 Scapular Motion

20 Scapular Motion

21 Scapular Motion Scapular elevation Scapular depression Scapular protraction Scapular retraction -

22 Scapular Motion Scapular elevation Upper traps, levator scap Scapular depression Lower traps, pec minor Scapular protraction Serratus anterior, pec minor Scapular retraction - Middle traps, rhomboids

23 Upward/Downward Rotation Upward UT Pulls up LT Pulls Down SA Pulls Anterior Downward LS Pulls Up Rhom Pulls in PM - Down

24 What s the first thing you notice about this runner?

25 Trendelenburg Gait Normal Muscles: Glut Med and Min abduct hip, prevent hip from dropping Gait Contralateral leg bears weight Pelvis tilts, lower on swing side

26 Coaching A K: Please contact Jonathan at jonathan@ptfinalexam.com L Z: Please contact Mark at mark@ptfinalexam.com

27 PTFE July Study Group 2018

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*Agonists are the main muscles responsible for the action. *Antagonists oppose the agonists and can help neutralize actions. Since many muscles have

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