INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION ON AGEING 10 th GLOBAL CONFERENCE. 3-6 May 2010 Melbourne, Australia CLIMATE FOR CHANGE: AGEING INTO THE FUTURE

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1 INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION ON AGEING 10 th GLOBAL CONFERENCE 3-6 May 2010 Melbourne, Australia CLIMATE FOR CHANGE: AGEING INTO THE FUTURE

2 Mental Wellness as a significant dimension for Improving Successful Aging Presented by CHANITA PRADITSATHAPORN

3 Researcher Teams CHANITA PRADITSATHAPORN 1 Department of community nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Narasawa Phayao University PIMSUPA CHANDANASOTTHI 2 KWANJI AMNATSATSUEE 2 Department of public health nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University RACHANEE SUNSERN 3 Department of community nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University.

4 Presentation Plan Background Goal Procedure Results Conclusion and Recommendation

5 Introduction Mental health as a state of well-being (WHO,2001) Mental illness Healthy life Almost of reports was presented with Thailand: U.S.A % Depression 2.6 % Bipolar 1.1 % Schizophrenia 37.5 % of age 65 yrs. have depression % of age 65 yrs. have loneliness % of age 70 yrs. have emotional problems % of age 70 yrs. have loneliness % of age 70 yrs. have social problems 2 Gaps Rukchanok Karcharnubarn and Philip Rees, 2009 Sources: WHO,2009; 1 Manhotta, Jitapankul, Ruammake, and Nimthongkam (2001); 2 Meesiri (1997); 3Srisoonthorn (2000) 4 Tennessee Department of development diasbilities (2001)).

6 Gaps The term of mental wellness as significant aspects of successful aging has been inadequacy explained. During the last century, mental health focused on presence of selected symptoms such as characteristics in thinking, mood, and behaviors, the personal distress and/or impairment functioning (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000; Goldman, Skodol, & Lave, 1992; Vaillant, 2003) In 21 th century, World Health Organization [WHO] (2001, b.) has stated, Mental health is defined as a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, coping with the normal stress of life, working productively and fruitfully, and being able to make a contribution to his or her community.

7 Gaps Mental wellness in the Western view differs from the Asian view regarding the definition of wellness. Western people focus on self and autonomy Source: White (2007). Asian people emphasize on interpersonal relationship Sources: Ryff & Keyes, 1995; Markus & Kitayama, 1998; Ingersoll-Dayton etc, 2001; Dayton et al., 2001

8 Research goal and design Goal To explore the meaning of mental wellness in views of successful older Thai people Design The qualitative study

9 Research Procedure Subjects 10 older persons 60 years+ 3 religious beliefs: Buddhism, Catholic, and Muslim. Tool Open-end questionnaire in-depth interviews Analysis C Content analysis code and themes

10 Results feelings of emotional-cognitional well-being Happiness Sukha, Dukha, and life-satisfaction Self-esteem, Resilience process, and positive communication skill. Mental capacity psycho-cognitive functioning and ability to coping and adaptive

11 Happiness Happiness refers to the feeling of emotional well-being among positive and negative feelings and life-satisfaction Sukha: positive feeling refers to a feeling of peace, respect from other persons, and sufficiency for living. Dukha refers to a feeling of lacking of physical strength and burden from other people. Life-satisfaction as summarization of emotional feeling Life-satisfaction Sukha Dukha

12 Sukkha Peace I cannot explain happiness, I think it is peace; quietness in my mind or freedom from noise, worries, fears and troubles. (aging female, age 77) Sukha is a feeling of many levels: sabai (be comfortable), peace, and happiness. (aging male, age 65) Respect The children should respect the old aged. They express their respect with polite talk and good care. (10 older persons agree with aging male, age 90). Sufficient for living In the past, my life suffered from debt. Today, I am not a rich man but I am happy because I have sufficiency for living or por me por kin (Sufficiency) for living. (8 in 10 older persons).

13 Dukha Physical strength If we have kum-lung (physical strength), we can perform activities for ourselves and we have not had. (aging male and female, age 97 and 68) If I still have kum-lung, I do not have to depend on my child. This results in reports of happiness in their mind. (aging female, age 74). Burden for other I am very worried and sad about my illness, which leads to the burden of the family. (aging male, age 81).

14 Life-satisfaction I am satisfied with all of my life. (8 older persons) I think being human is my satisfaction. (aging male and female, age 97 and 68). Half of older females reported being satisfied when their children have a successful life.

15 Mental capacity Mental capacity refers psycho-cognitive functioning and ability to coping and adaptive self-esteem as confidence in the right to be happy and contribution to feeling worthy and deserving of their experiences Resilience process to mean the ability to rebound from negative experiences, to rapidly and completely recover from physical and mental adversity, and to go forward. positive communication skill is assertive behaviors Positive Communication skill Resilience process Self-esteem Mental capacity

16 Self-esteem My children graduated with bachelor s degrees, so I am very happy and have high self-esteem. (aging male and female, age 75 and 87). When I reconsider my life, I am pound that I can clean my debt. This reason brings my self-esteem. (aging male, male and female, age 65, 89 and 77).

17 3 Behavioral strategies on resilience process Release stress Accept the fact Making merit

18 Release stress Delete stress by using techniques such as walking, planting a lawn, and talking with other persons Every body must face problems, so I suggest the other persons to be indifferent. I have optimism and restricting one s mind, so I am happy (aging male, age 81). Accept the fact Tam jai is new thinking which is suitable for my life. The new thinking occurred from my experiences. Being the oldest people, Tam jai is a major cause that leads to happiness. (aging male and male, age 90 and 85). Making merit Making merit involved faith in their religion, and the ability to create self-value within their social.

19 Positive communication skill. When talking with other persons, we must assess the feeling of the person who receives the message because this skill shows resourcefulness. (aging female, age 84). I have the ability to be bold and assertive of my need with my son and my friend. I think I can depend on them. (aging male and female, age 90 and 87).

20 The construct of mental wellness indicates successful aging. Positive Thinking Recall the experiences they could access positive resources (e.g. good experiences, social support, and social acceptance) and bring to think positive Accept the fact Every body must face problems, so I suggest the other persons to be indifferent. I have optimism and restricting one s mind, so I am happy (aging male, age 81). I pray once a day, I believe that praying will help me to have peace in my mind, and to meet God in later life. (aging female Catholic, 87). Making merit and creating self-value in their community I have enough in my life, so I thought I have successful aging. Every day, I pray, donate, and educate about my religion. However, I still hope that I must go to Mecca. I plan in the next two months. (aging male Muslim, 77). I give money to and volunteer to support other dependent older persons. Society does me proud and I think I have sufficiency in my life, so I give money to charity such as make a donation to a foundation for children with cancer. (aging male Catholic, 89). Being Thai people, katanyu-katavedi is an important way, if we are older adults such as taking food to a priest for ancestries, taking care to their parent. (aging female,87).

21 Conclusion Mental Wellness consists of Happiness and mental capacity Resilience process is a major construct of mental wellness indicated successful aging

22 Recommendations The Mental Health department should use this data to develop mental wellness assessment tool for Thai older adults The authority of multi-disciplinary committee: government, professionals, and institutions should explore the concept of mental wellness and develop a strategic plan for mental health promotion. The institution of health education should use this data to develop curriculum for geriatric psychology

23 Acknowledgements Mahidol University

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