Convolutional Coding: Fundamentals and Applications. L. H. Charles Lee. Artech House Boston London

Transcription

1 Convolutional Coding: Fundamentals and Applications L. H. Charles Lee Artech House Boston London

2 Contents Preface xi Chapter 1 Introduction of Coded Digital Communication Systems Introduction Elements of a Digital Communication System Data Source and Data Sink Channel Encoder and Channel Decoder Modulator, Transmission Path, and Demodulator Channel Models 7 References 10 Chapter 2 Structures of Convolutional Codes Encoding and Mathematical Model of Convolutional Codes Polynomial Matrix Representation of Convolutional Codes Error Propagation Effect and Code Design Algebraic Structures of Generator Polynomial Matrix G(D) Algebraic Structures of Syndrome-Former Polynomial Matrix H T (D) Systematic Convolutional Encoder With Feedback Graphical Representations of Convolutional Codes Encoder Tree and Trellis Diagrams Encoder State Diagram Syndrome-Former Trellis Diagram Distance Properties of Convolutional Codes Generating Function of Convolutional Codes 51 References 55 VII

3 viii Convolutional Coding: Fundamentals and Applications Chapter 3 Suboptimal and Optimal Decoding of Convolutional Codes Introduction Sliding Block Decoding Maximum-Likelihood Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Hard-Decision Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Soft-Decision Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Syndrome-Former Trellis Decoding Scarce-State-Transition-Type Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Scarce-State-Transition-Type Syndrome-Former Trellis Decoding Performance of Hard-Decision Maximum-Likelihood Decoding Performance of Soft-Decision Maximum-Likelihood Decoding Computer Simulation Results and Discussion 84 References 87 Chapter 4 Sequential Decoding of Convolutional Codes Introduction Fano Metric Stack Algorithm Decoding Fano Algorithm Decoding 92 References 100 Chapter 5 Encoding and Decoding of Punctured Convolutional Codes Introduction Encoding of Punctured Convolutional Codes Maximum-Likelihood Decoding of Punctured Convolutional Codes Performance of Punctured Convolutional Codes Concept of Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional Codes Maximum-Likelihood Decoding of Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional Codes Computer Simulation Results and Discussion 112 References 115 Chapter 6 Majority-Logic Decoding of Convolutional Codes Introduction 117

4 Contents ix 6.2 Hard-Decision Majority-Logic Decoding Majority-Logic Definite Decoding Majority-Logic Feedback Decoding Error Propagation Effect Performance of Hard-Decision Majority-Logic Decoding Soft-Decision Majority-Logic Decoding Computer Simulation Results 143 References 146 Chapter 7 Combined Convolutional Coding and Modulation Introduction Two-Dimensional Trellis-Coded Modulation Phase-Invariant Convolutional Codes Degree Phase-Invariant Convolutional Codes Multidimensional Lattice Trellis-Coded Modulation Partitioning of Multidimensional Lattices Signal Mapping Rules and Phase-Invariant Code Construction Multidimensional Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Advantages of Using 2iV-Dimensional Lattice TCM Scheme Multidimensional M-PSK Trellis-Coded Modulation Partitioning of Multidimensional M-PSK Constellations Four-Dimensional M-PSK TCM: Signal Mapping Rules and Phase-Invariant Code Construction Eight-Dimensional M-PSK TCM: Signal Mapping Rules and Phase-Invariant Code Construction Multidimensional Viterbi Algorithm Decoding Advantages of Using Multidimensional M-PSK TCM Scheme 204 References 205 Chapter 8 Combined Coding, Modulation, and Equalization Introduction Nonlinear (Decision-Feedback) Equalizer Coded System Model and Assumptions Combined Trellis Diagram Full-State Combined Trellis Reduced-State Combined Trellis Combined Equalization and Trellis Decoding 218

5 x Convolutional Coding: Fundamentals and Applications 8.6 Computer Simulation Results 219 References 222 Chapter 9 Applications of Convolutional Codes Introduction Applications to Space Communications Pioneer Missions Voyager Mission Galileo Mission Applications to Satellite Communications Applications to Mobile Communications GSM Digital Radio System Applications to Voice-Band Data Communications 236 References 243 Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Connection Vectors of Convolutional Codes for Viterbi Decoding 245 Connection Vectors of Convolutional Codes for Sequential Decoding 249 Puncturing Matrix for Punctured and Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional Codes 251 Generator Polynomials for Self-Orthogonal Systematic Convolutional Codes 263 Generator Polynomial Matrix for Two-Dimensional Linear Trellis Codes 265 Appendix F Encoder Trellis Program 269 Appendix G Viterbi Codec Programs 283 About the Author 307 Index 309