Plans to Establish a Network of Resources in a Community to Improve Efficiency of a Dementia Preventive Project in Busan Metropolitan City

Transcription

1 , pp Plans to Establish a Network of Resources in a Community to Improve Efficiency of a Dementia Preventive Project in Busan Metropolitan City Kim Seon Hee 1, Lee Mi Ran 2 Dept. of Social Welfare, Kosin University 194, WACHIRO, YEONGDO-GU, Busan,, KOREA shkim@kosin.ac.kr Corresponding Author : dsmr0815@naver.com Abstract. It is prospected that Korea will enter an aging society in 2018 and a super aged society in 2026 and 37.4% of its population will be the elderly. In particular, Busan city already became the first aged society out of the seven metropolitan cities in Increase of the older-aged population will be connected to a rapid increase of the elderly with dementia and it will be a severe social and economic problem in the community, so preventing dementia is important. Therefore, this study has found plans to establish a network for an effective dementia prevention project by figuring out the population of dementia prevalence according to regional ageing in Busan city and analyzing regional resources in each town(gu). Keywords: Super Aged Society, Dementia Prevalence, Dementia Prevention, Analysis of Regional Resources, Network 1 Introduction According to Ministry of Health and Welfare(2012), since the attack rate of senile dementia has rapidly increased by ageing, the increase speed of dementia patients is faster than the increase speed of ageing, so in 10 years, the ageing population would increase 60% compared to 77% of increase of the dementia population; over 1 million ageing population would live in Korea in 2025; and it would increase almost 2 times more in every 20 years. Social expenses caused by dementia were 11.7 trillion won in 2013, which heavily aggravate individual, social and financial burdens and it is prospected these expenses would increase twice more in every 10 years (Kwak, K., 2014). In Korea, dementia is managed with the dementia management delivery system established as a central or regional dementia center, health center or hub dementia hospital. However, the number of dementia consulting centers securing exclusive professionals is approximately 129 centers (51%). The increase of the accelerating old-aged population causes the increase of dementia management tasks, so dementia is barely managed with the current delivery system. Therefore, it is limited to accommodate the ISSN: ASTL Copyright 2016 SERSC

2 large numbers of the baby boomers, so it is primarily necessary to make plans to establish the efficient dementia prevention network by mobilizing resources in the community. 2 Research Method This study has been written referring to data by National Statistical Office and Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs and socio-demographic data from 2015 Statistics Yearbook of Busan Women and Family and the dementia population has been estimated with application of dementia prevalence (Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2012). Also, it suggests plans to establish the efficient dementia prevention project based on common community resources in each town (Gu).. 3 Research Result 3.1 Actual ageing reality in Busan city The aged population in Busan city was 8.3% in 2005, 11.3% in 2010, 12.5% in 2012 and 14.0% in 2014, Busan city has very rapidly entered the aged society; it is prospected that one of five residents in Busan city, which is 20.6%, will be the elderly; and Busan city would be a super aged society (Dongnam Local Statistical Office, 2014). Dong-gu became the first super aged society with 20.61% of the elderly population in 2014 and 4 towns in the downtown areas in Busan city have already become the super aged society such as Jung-gu with 20.67% of the aging population, Yeongdo-gu with 20.42% and Seo-gu with 20.28% in 2015(Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs, 2015). Busan city where has the aged society in 6 Gu and the ageing society in 6 Gu has been fast becoming ageing. 3.2 The Population of Dementia Elders in Busan city Since the attack rate of senile dementia sharply increases by ageing, the increase of the number of the older-aged persons is connected to the increase of the number of the dementia elders. Dementia prevalence of the super-aged population, aged 85 or older, reaches 37.6%. The dementia population in Korea would be over 1 million people in 2024 and over 2 million people in 2041 and it is expected that it would increase 2 times more in every 20 years. As a result of estimating the dementia population in Busan city with application of 9.79% of prevalence in 2015 according to A Research on Prevalence of the Dementia Elders (2012) by Ministry of Health and Welfare, the dementia population among 514,630 elders, aged 65 or older, in Busan city has been 148 Copyright 2016 SERSC

3 estimated 50,382 people. Prospect of the increase progress of the dementia population in Busan city with application of dementia prevalence is as <Table 1>. Table 1. The increase progress and prospect of the dementia elders in Busan city (Unit: Person) Year Classification Number of elders, aged 65 or older 514, , , ,013 1,099,986 Number of dementia elders, aged 65 50,382 61,653 79,007 88, ,198 or older Dementia prevalence (%) * Data Resources: 2015 State of the Population of Resident Registration by Administrative District by Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs Future Population Estimation by National Statistical Office * Dementia prevalence: 2012 Dementia prevalence by Ministry of Health and Welfare applied. 3.3 Dementia Prevention and Management Status in Busan city The dementia prevention projects in Busan city have been established in metropolitan dementia centers, health centers and hub dementia hospitals and implemented. The health centers that serve an important role of treatment and preventive management for the dementia elders in each region; a) Measures according to results of medical examinations include registration and management of checkup lists in the integrated information system in health centers, assistance linkage of medical expenses for dementia, supply of information related to dementia and a linked dementia prevention program for a normal group and high-risk group; b) Management after checkups include an elder health program for the normal group, cognitive rehabilitation program for a risk group and assistance of medical expenses for dementia, long-term care service(linkage with facilities and linkage with home care service), elderly care service, visiting care service, cognitive rehabilitation service, assisting supplies assistance, identification tag assistance and dementia family gathering assistance for a dementia group. Dementia treatment and prevention programs of private organizations in Busan-si include various cognition enhancement and physical function enhancement programs for the elders in social welfare centers, senior welfare centers and mental health centers in each region. In addition, they have programs to keep and improve a social adjustment ability and some of them have dementia prevention and treatment programs such as a music therapy, art therapy, gardening therapy and operation treatment. However, various officers are in charge of these kinds of programs, so standard programs for dementia prevention should be developed and professionalism of relevant officers should be improved in the future. Copyright 2016 SERSC 149

4 3.4 Plans to establish a network of resources in the community for an effective dementia prevention Busan will be the first super-aged society in Therefore, Busan city need for dementia prevention project should be established and specific dementia prevention programs that fit to features in each community should be actively implement. For this, first of all, Busan city should actively promote the dementia prevention project by organizing resources that each community secures to an organization that provides and uses the dementia prevention program. A Research on the Actual Status of the Elderly in 2014 indicates 88.2% of the subjects have not experienced dementia education and dementia prevention programs, systematical dementia education and its promotion are needed. A Research on Dementia Prevalence in 2012 says that the older the patient, the higher its risk; women s prevalence is 2.58 times higher than men s; the lower education level, the higher its risk(prevalence of a man without leaning is 9.17 times higher.). Additionally, it is proved that risk factors that cause the risk increase are 2.9 times of no spouse separation by death, divorce, separation, single, etc.), 3.8 times of head injury, 2.7 times of depression and 9.17 times of no learning, so more active dementia prevention projects are needed for these kinds of groups with risk factors. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment, which is the intermediate stage in the progress of dementia, is 27.82%, which is over a quarter of the whole elderly, aged 65 or older. The Third General Plans for National Dementia Management from 2016 to 2020 by Ministry of Health and Welfare indicates four fields after fundamentally changing a dementia policy stance from supplier-centered to demander-centered and communitycentered dementia prevention is one of them. An organization that provides education projects assistance for dementia elders family and dementia prevention can be organized with a health center, community welfare center, senior welfare center, mental health center, healthy family support center, community center and lifelong education institute. In addition, kinds of organizations where people can use the dementia prevention programs are a lifelong education institute, elder s college, elder s class, silver hall, elderly home care facility, elderly medical welfare facility, senior club, elderly culture club, elderly culture school, longevity-life-elderly college of physical education, religious institution, etc. In particular, the active dementia prevention project should be primarily implemented for high-risk groups. References 1. Kwak, K., Materials of 2014 National Dementia Management Workshop (2014) 2. Dongnam Local Statistical Office (2014) 3. A Researcher of Korea Healthy Society, A Research on the Actual Status of the Elderly. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2015) 4. Ministry of Health and Welfare., The Third General Plans for National Dementia Management. ( ) 150 Copyright 2016 SERSC

5 5. Busan Women and Family Development Institute, 2015 Statistics Yearbook of Busan Women and Family (2015) 6. Bundang Seoul National University Hospital & Ministry of Health and Welfare.,A Research on Dementia Prevalence in (2012). 7.. National Statistical Office, Estimation of Future Population. (2015). Copyright 2016 SERSC 151