Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Public Health: Supporting the Needs of People in Preparedness, Response, and Recovery

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1 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Public Health: Supporting the Needs of People in Preparedness, Response, and Recovery 2015 Esri National Security Summit July 19, 2015 Dr. S. Atyia Martin, CEM

2 Social Determinants of Vulnerability Overview Current Emergency Management Challenge Public Health & Medical Intelligence Community Resilience

3 Current Emergency Management Mitigation Response Recovery

4 RESEARCH GOAL Develop a framework that emergency planners in cities can use to incorporate social vulnerability into mitigation, response, and recovery. PHASE I: Develop the Framework PHASE II: Apply the Framework What are social factors of vulnerability that appear most frequently in the literature? What are the relationships between these social factors and others? Does the frequency and interrelationship represented in the literature exist in the City of Boston? Which areas of Boston do we need to focus on for targeted mitigation, response, and recovery planning?

5 Economic Disadvantage Language & Literacy Medical Issues & Disabilities Age Isolation At or Below Poverty Level Homeless Working Poor

6 Economic Disadvantage Language & Literacy Medical Issues & Disabilities Age Isolation Limited Ability to Read, Speak, Write, or Understand English Cannot Read or Have Low Literacy

7 Economic Disadvantage Language & Literacy Medical Issues & Disabilities Age Isolation Physical, Mental, Cognitive, or Sensory Medically-Dependent

8 Economic Disadvantage Language & Literacy Medical Issues & Disabilities Age Isolation Infants and Children Older Adults

9 Economic Disadvantage Language & Literacy Medical Issues & Disabilities Age Isolation Interpersonal Community Institutional

10 Socially Vulnerable Populations

11 Link Analysis of Pre-Incident & Post-Incident Attributes from Literature Review

12 Social Determinants of Vulnerability Framework

13 Social Determinants of Vulnerability Framework Types of consequences resulting from an emergency People who are socially vulnerably are more likely to experience at disproportionate levels.

15 Model of Social Isolation in Boston Table 4: Model of Social Isolation in the Boston, MA Model Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate a a. Predictors: (Constant), OCC_RENTER, TotChild, OlderAdult, LessThanHS, Women, Low_to_No, POC2, NoVehicle, TotDis, MedIllnes Coefficients a Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. 1 (Constant) TotDis TotChild OlderAdult Low_to_No LessThanHS POC Women MedIllnes NoVehicle OCC_RENTER a. Dependent Variable: SocIsol

Model of Social Isolation in Boston Table 4: Model of Social Isolation in the Boston, MA Model Summary Adjusted R Std. Error of the Over 95% Model Variability R R Square Square Explained Estimate 1.

Predictors: (Constant), OCC_RENTER, TotChild, OlderAdult, LessThanHS, Women, Low_to_No, POC2, NoVehicle, TotDis, MedIllnes People with Disabilities Children Older Adults Coefficients a Unstandardized

16 Model of Social Isolation in Boston Table 4: Model of Social Isolation in the Boston, MA Model Summary Adjusted R Std. Error of the Over 95% Model Variability R R Square Square Explained Estimate a a. Predictors: (Constant), OCC_RENTER, TotChild, OlderAdult, LessThanHS, Women, Low_to_No, POC2, NoVehicle, TotDis, MedIllnes People with Disabilities Children Older Adults Coefficients a Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. 1 (Constant) TotDis TotChild OlderAdult Low-to-No Low_to_No Income LessThanHS POC Less than High School Education Women People of Color OCC_RENTER Women a. Dependent Variable: SocIsol Renters MedIllnes NoVehicle

17 Social Determinants of Vulnerability for Boston

18 Citywide Geographic Analysis Social Isolation Low-to-No Income People of Color

19 PEOPLE OF COLOR

20 SOCIAL ISOLATION

21 LOW-TO-NO INCOME

22 CHILDREN

23 PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

24 Mitigation Response Recovery Risk & Disaster Resilience Assessment Community Resilience Long Term Vulnerability Reduction

25 Mitigation Response Recovery Public Information & Warning Mass Care Services Critical Transportation

26 Mitigation Response Recovery Health & Social Services Housing Economic Recovery

27 From Individual Preparedness to Communities Resilience Get Informed Build a Kit Make A Plan Get Involved

28 Institutional Protective Factors Personal Interpersonal

29 Public Health & Medical Intelligence Threats & Hazards Social Determinants of Vulnerability Community Engagement Geographic Information Systems Critical Infrastructure

30 Balanced Approach to Building Resilience

$Disasters fracture us along fault lines that already exist.$

31 Disasters fracture us along fault lines that already exist. --- Jim Siemianowski, LICSW April 28, 2014 Footprints of Disaster Conference

32 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Public Health: Supporting the Needs of People in Preparedness, Response, and Recovery 2015 Esri National Security Summit July 19, 2015 Dr. S. Atyia Martin, CEM

Better solutions. Fewer disasters. Safer world. Dominican Republic. Risk Overview. Pacific Disaster Center

Better solutions. Fewer disasters. Safer world. Dominican Republic Risk Overview Pacific Disaster Center 2017 0 Province Risk : Multi-Hazard Risk ranks 11 th of 32 on the Multi-Hazard Risk with a score