Bruchids and Legumes: Economics, Ecology and Coevolution

Transcription

1 Bruchids and Legumes: Economics, Ecology and Coevolution

2 SERIES ENTOMOLOGICA EDITOR K. A. SPENCER VOLUME 46

3 Bruchids and Legumes: Economics, Ecology and Coevolution Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Bruchids and Legumes (ISBL-2) held at Okayama (Japan), September 6-9,1989 Edited by K. Fujii, A. M. R. Gatehouse, C. D. Johnson, R. Mitchel and T. Yoshida KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON

4 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International Symposium on Bruchids and Legumes (2nd 1989: Okayama -shi, Japan) Bruchids and legumes economics, ecology, and coevolution proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Bruchids and Legumes (ISBL-2) held at Okayama, Japan, September 6-9, 1989 I edited by K. FUjii... let al. 1. p. em. -- (Series entomologica ; 46) 1. Legumes--Diseases and pests--congresses. 2. Bruchidae--Host plants--congresses. 3. Bruchidae--Control--Congresses. 4. Bruchidae--Ecology--Congresses. 5. Coevolution--Congresses. I. FUjii, Koich1, II. Title. III. Series: Series entomologica ; v. 46. SB608.L4I dc ISBN-13: : / e-isbn-13: Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17,3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates the publishing programmes of D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press. Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1990 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

5 CONTENTS Preface Historical review of Bruchid studies in Japan T. YOSHIDA ix 1 Part 1. Biology and Control of Bruchid Biology: Bionomics of Bruchidius incarnatus Boh. in Egypt M. M. METWALLY Regulatation of autonomic physiological functions during reproductive diapause of Bruchus affinis T.-S. COQUILLAUD, K. SLAMA, AND V. LABEYRIE Role of physical and chemical stimuli of legume host seeds in comparative ovipositional behaviour of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) and C. chinensis (Linn.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) V. G. GOKHALE, H. HONDA, AND I. YAMAMOTA Chemical ecology of Bruchids I. YAMAMOTO Control: Some promising physical, botanical and chemical methods for the protection of some grain legumes against Bruchids in storage under Bangladesh conditions MD. M. RAHMAN 63 Carbon dioxide as a control agent for Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) in stored adzuki bean W.K.PENG 75 Effect of vegetable oils on the ovipositional behaviour of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) N. BHADURI, D. P. GUPfA, AND S. RAM 81 Effect of five botanicals as protectants of greengram against the pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus R. H. S. RAJAPAKSE 85 Insecticidal actions of several plants to Callosobruchus chinensis L. B. MORALLO-REJESUS, H. A. MAINI, K. OHSAWA, AND I. YAMAMOTO 91

6 vi Insecticidal control of cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F., a pest of mungbean P. VISARA THANONTH, M. KHUMLEKASING, AND C. SUKPRAKARN Pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.) and crop loss - Implications for management A. M. SMITH Plant quarantine and fumigation of imported grain legumes in Japan M. YONEDA, M. KANEDA, AND H. AKIYAMA Part 2. Life Cycle and Coevolution of Bruchid and Legume Taxonomic Feature and Life Cycle of Bruchidae: New world Bruchidae: Past, present, future J. M. KINGSOLVER 121 A synopsis of the Bruchid fauna of Japan K. MORIMOTO 131 Diversity in life cycle patterns of Bruchids occurring in Japan (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) N. WATANABE 141 Life history of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), in the field K. SHINODA AND T. YOSHIDA 149 Coevolution of Bruchid and Legume: Biochemical adaptations by the bruchid beetle Caryedes brasiliensis G. A. ROSENTHAL 161 Coevolutionary relations between Bruchids and their host plants. The influence on the physiology of the insects J. HUIGNARD, P. DUPONT, AND B. TRAN 171 Coevolution of Bruchidae and their hosts: Evidence, conjecture, and conclusions C. D. JOHNSON 181 Breeding of Bruchid-resistant Legumes: Systematics of the azuki bean group in the genus Vigna Y. TATEISHI AND H. OHASHI Cross compatibility and cytogenetical relationships among Asian Vigna species Y. EGAWA, M. NAKAGAWARA, AND G. C J. FERNANDEZ Genetics and breeding for Bruchid resistance in Asiatic Vigna species G. C. J. FERNANDEZ AND N.S. TALEKAR Breeding for Bruchid resistance in cowpea B. B. SINGH AND S. R. SINGH Bruchid resistance factors in Phaseolus and Vigna legumes K. KITAMURA, M. ISHIMOTO, AND S. ISHII

7 vii Biochemical resistance to Bruchid attack in legume seeds; investigation and exploitation A. M. R. GATEHOUSE, B. H. MINNEY, P. DOBIE, AND V. HILDER 241 Part 3. Laboratory Population Ecology of Bruchids and their Parasites Bruchid Life History, Ecology, and Evolution: Life histories of stored-products insects O.IMURA 257 Biotype variation and host change in Bruchids: Causes and effects in the evolution of Bruchid pests P. F. CREDLAND 271 Experimental character displacement in the Adzuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis M. L. TAPER 289 Alternative life-histories in Callosobruchus maculatus: Environmental and genetic bases F.J.MESSTINA 303 Behavioral Interaction: Behavioral ecology of Callosobruchus maculatus R.MITCHELL Sex-ratio determination in three wasp ectoparasitic on bean weevil larvae K. FUnI AND KHTIN MAR W AI The mechanisms of contest and scramble competition in Bruchid species Y. TOQUE-NAGA Adaptations of Callosobruchus species to competition R. H. SMITH Population Dynamics: Comparison of the density-dependent population process between laboratory and wild strains of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) M. SHIMADA 361 Population processes and dynamics of laboratory populations of Callosobruchus spp T. S. BELLOWS, JR. 373 Simulation of Professor Utida's classic experiment on an interaction between the azuki bean weevil and its parasitic wasp T.ROYAMA 385 A list of the legumes treated in the book and in the Symposium (lsbl-ii) 395 Index 397

8 Preface In 1980, the International Symposium on the Ecology of Bruchids Attacking Legumes (Pulses), organized by Dr. Labeyrie, was held at Tours, France. Since then, there has been tremendous progress in the area of Bruchid and Legume research. At the same time, as we face the problems of world-wide population explosion and food shortage, the importance of legumes as the world's major protein source is rapidly increasing, especially in tropical regions. Thus, it seemed appropriate to hold the Second Symposium in order to review the recent progress in the control of Bruchids and in the biology and ecology of Bruchids and legumes. This is an important part of the search for ways to integrate these fields with a common perspective. The Second International Symposium on Bruchids and Legumes (ISBL-II) was held in September 6-9, 1989 at Okayama, Japan under the joint auspices of the Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology and of the Foundation for Advancement of International Science. Significant contributions have originated in Japan on the study of Bruchid and legumes. Most notably, the study on population ecology by Professor S. Utida with Callosobruchus chinensis paved the way to modern experimental population ecology, and the study on Bruchid resistance by some legumes by Professor S. Ishii was the starting point of recent research on the Bruchid resistance of legumes. Thus it was very appropriate to hold the Second Symposium in Japan. The Symposium was also held to honor Prof. T. Yoshida, who contributed so much to field and laboratory studies of Bruchids, on the occasion of his retirement from Okayama University. By the generous support from many organizations, many scientists from developing countries could participate in the Symposium. The Symposium had a total participants of 140 from 23 countries. Thanks to the active discussions among participants, the Symposium achieved important and memorable results. This volume is based on the papers presented at the Special Sessions of the Symposium. The contents of the articles were further edited and many comments and discussions during the Symposium have been incorporated. The Symposium was cosponsored by 13 organizations including Science Council of Japan. More than 100 organizations and companies contributed financial support to the Symposium. The Organizing Committee and editorial committee of the Symposium greatly acknowledge this support, especially by the Commemorative Association for the Japan World Exposition (1970), Japan Beans and Peas Foundation, Okayama Prefecture, and Okayama City. The administrative office for the Symposium, headed by Professor F. Nakasuji, and the Fund Raising Committee headed by Professor L Yamamoto should be given special thanks by all the participants for the superlative jobs done for the Symposium. Finally, I thank Prof. L. B. Slobodkin, Dr. M. L. Taper, Dr. 1. Sano-Fujii, Mr. Y. Toquenaga and Y. Moriguchi for their assistance to the Editorial Committee for this volume. Decem ber 1989 Koichi Fujii Editor in Chief ix