Association of Current and Past Smoking with Metabolic Syndrome in Men

Transcription

1 J Prev Med Public Health 2009;42(): DOI: 10961jpmph Association of Current and Past Smoking with Metabolic Syndrome in Men A-Rum Hong Kang-Sook Lee 1) Seon-Young Lee 1) Jae-Hee Yu 1) Graduate School of Public Health The Catholic University of Korea Department of Preventive Medicine The Catholic University of Korea 1) Objectives : The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between past smoking and the risk factors for metabolic syndrome Methods : From January 2007 to December 2007 a total of 916 over thirty years old male health screen examinees were divided into the nonsmoking smoking ex-smoking groups The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on the criteria of the NCEP ATP (Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program) Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of the following: a blood pressure 1085 mmhg a fasting glucose level 110 mgdl a -C (High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) level < 40 mgdl a triglyceride level 150 mgdl and a waist circumference men 102 cm but a waist to hip ratio > 090 was used as a surrogate for the waist circumference Results : After adjustment for age alcohol consumption and exercise in the smokers for the ex-smokers compared with the nonsmokers the odds ratio (OR) of a lower cholesterol level (<40 mgdl) was 129 (95% CI=10-161) in the smokers the ORs of a higher triglyceride level were 15 (95% CI= ) in the ex-smokers and 212 (95% CI= ) in the smokers and the OR of a waist to hip ratio was 125 (95% CI=10-152) in the ex-smokers When there were over three components of metabolic syndrome in the ex-smokers and smokers as compared with the nonsmokers the odds ratio against the risk of metabolic syndrome were 29 (95% CI=100-66) and 27 (95% CI= ) respectively Conclusions : The present study suggested that there is an association of smoking with metabolic syndrome in men J Prev Med Public Health 2009;42(): Key words : Metabolic syndrome Past smoking [1-4] (Metabolic Syndrome) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES ) 240% [5] 0 29% [6] [1] [7] [5] National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) [8] [79] 52% [6] 2007 [9] 2005 [10] [12] [11] [2] 44% [1] BMI [14]

2 161 (modifiable) [15] [8] Wada [17] [18] [19] [17] 20 [16] [1] [ ] Lee [20] Quetelet Index (Body Mass Index BMI) (Inbody 0) 8 ( TBA 200 FRJAPAN2004 Toshiba Tokyo) Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP ) [1] (High density lipoprotein) mmhg 110 mgdl < 40 mgdl < 50 mgdl 150 mgdl > 90 cm > 80 cm (waist to hip ratio) gday 1-60 gday 61 gday Chi-square logistic regression 1026 (262%) 129 (0%) 1597 (408%) 25 kgm 2 45% 85% 415% 61g 61% 54% 24% 1-60 g 0% 282% 141% 585% 74% 495% (Table 1) ( mmhg) 176% (< 40 mgdl) 22% 17% 169% ( 150 mgdl) 408% ( 090) 418% (Table 2) SAS 80 (odds ratio)

3 (95% CI= ) 15 (95% CI= ) 212 (95% CI= ) 129 (95% CI=10-161) 125 (95% CI=10-152) (Table ) NCEP ATP (95% CI=100-66) 27 (95% CI= ) (Table 4) Table 1 General characteristics of study subjects Age (yr) BMI (kgm 2 ) 25 < 25 Percent body fat (%) 25 < 25 Alcohol (gday) Excercise (frequencywk) No Yes 1-2wk - 4wk 5wk Nonsmoker (N=1026) Ex-smoker (N=129) Current smoker (N=1597) p-value no(%) no(%) no(%) 80 (70) 55 (46) 291 (284) 54 (45) 672 (655) 141 (17) 885 (86) 024 (24) 145 (141) 857 (85) 508 (495) 518 (505) 199 (84) 20 (444) 089 (172) 1274 (212) 152 (411) 1487 (77) 156 (415) 1757 (585) 1195 (151) 1098 (849) 1170 (54) 165 (282) 1858 (664) 148 (74) 1810 (626) 12 (99) 14 (412) 115 (189) 1598 (75) 1682 (427) 117 (198) 1614 (85) 198 (615) 1225 (141) 172 (859) 1197 (61) 1484 (0) 1016 (66) 194 (585) 166 (415) 145 (520) 1247 (7) 1171 (107) < <00001 <00001 <00001 Table 2 Risk factors of metabolic syndrome according to smoking status Nonsmoker (N=1026) Ex-smoker (N=129) Current smoker (N=1597) no(%) no(%) no(%) p-value BP mmhg 171 (167) 228 (176) 197 (122) <00001 FBS 110 mgdl 151 (147) 195 (151) 20 (144) C < 40 mgdl 17 (169) 22 (17) 66 (22) <00001 TG 150 mgdl 21 (225) 74 (289) 652 (408) <00001 WHR (27) 540 (418) 505 (16) <00001 BP: blood pressure FBS: fasting blood sugar : high density lipoprotein TG: triglyceride WHR: waist to hip ratio Table The adjusted odds ratios for risk factors of metabolic syndrome in smoking status against nonsmoker Nonsmoker (N=1026) Ex-smoker (N=129) Current smoker (N=1597) [21] [2] [7] BP mmhg FBS 110 mgdl -C < 40 mgdl TG 150 mgdl WHR ( ) 095 ( ) 100 ( ) 15 ( ) 125 (10-152) 062 ( ) 096 ( ) 129 (10-161) 212 ( ) 084 ( ) BP: blood pressure FBS: fasting blood sugar : high density lipoprotein TG: triglyceride WHR: waist to hip ratio Adjusted by age alcohol excercise [8] 225% Table 4 The adjusted odds ratios for metabolic syndrome according to number of risk factors in smoking status against nonsmoker [21112] Nonsmoker (N=1026) Ex-smoker (N=129) Current smoker (N=1597) [4] Ishizaka [16] Chen [9] BMI 1 2 Adjusted by age alcohol excercise Lee [20] ( ) 126 ( ) 29 (100-66) Dzien [19] 097 ( ) 09 (066-11) 27 ( )

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