Step Out Smoke Free Homes Educational Resource Toolkit. For use with Years 5 and 6

Transcription

1 Step Out Smoke Free Homes Educational Resource Toolkit For use with Years 5 and 6 Produced by Southampton Public Health in partnership with Hampshire Public Health May 2015

2 Step Out Smoke Free Homes Toolkit This toolkit has been made available for use in Schools by Southampton Public Health in partnership with Smoke Free Hampshire and Isle of Wight. The aim of the toolkit is to promote smoke free homes amongst the school community, by raising awareness of the dangers of smoking in the home and car and encourage parents or carers of pupils to make their homes smoke free. This toolkit can be used to support the PSHE curriculum as part of a whole school approach to smoking, including a smoke free policy and signposting to the local NHS Stop Smoking Service for parents and staff who may want to quit. The toolkit contains: Lesson plans to deliver work on second hand smoke and smoke free homes A template letter to send to parents/carers explaining the work Optional guidance on running a competition to design a smoke free home poster Please complete and return the evaluation at the end of the pack to help guide future development of this resource, and we hope you will find it useful. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Guidance for parents and carers a. Template letter to parents/carers 3. Step Out Smoke Free Homes Lesson Plan 4. Step Out Lesson Resources: a. Worksheet #1: How might Ben be affected by the secondhand smoke in this room? b. Worksheet #1: Answer Sheet c. Worksheet #2: Persuasive Letter d. Teaching Resource #1: Smoking Images e. Teaching Resource #2: Smoking Images with Children f. Teaching Resource #3: Information for Teachers on the Dangers of Secondhand Smoke for Children g. Teaching Resource #4: Information for Teachers on Key Strategies for Reducing Exposure of Children to Secondhand Smoke 5. Step Out Lesson Teacher Evaluation Links to the National Curriculum 1

3 Personal, Social and Health Education (PSHE) Primary Curriculum This toolkit can be used as part of a wider PSHE programme addressing healthy lifestyles, including substance misuse and alcohol. The new National Curriculum from 2014 states: All schools should make provision for personal, social, health and economic education (PSHE), drawing on good practice. Schools are also free to include other subjects or topics of their choice in planning and designing their own programme of education. Within the statutory requirements for the Science curriculum for Years 5 and 6: Pupils should be taught to recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs and lifestyle on the way their bodies function. Additional guidance: Pupils should learn how to keep their bodies healthy and how their bodies might be damaged including how some drugs and other substances can be harmful to the human body. Ref: Department for Education, 2013, PSHE Curriculum. Citizenship Key Stage 2 Curriculum This toolkit can help to meet the existing Key Stage 2 Curriculum for Citizenship, in particular in relation to the following areas: Preparing to play an active role as citizens, pupils should be taught to research, discuss and debate topical issues, problems and events. Developing a healthy lifestyle, pupils should be taught what makes a healthy lifestyle and which commonly available substances and drugs are legal and illegal, their effects and risks. Developing good relationships and respecting the differences between people, pupils should be taught to care about other people s feelings and to try to see things from their point of view and where individuals, families and groups can get help and support. Pupils should be taught the knowledge, skills and understanding through opportunities to make real choices and decisions [for example, about issues affecting their health and wellbeing such as smoking]. Ref: Department for Education, 2011, Citizenship: Key Stage 2 Curriculum. 2

4 Links to Drugs and Smoking Prevention Guidance DFES Drugs Guidance for Schools (2004) Citizenship at all Key Stages can contribute to drug education by, for example, providing opportunities for pupils to: understand rules and laws and how they relate to rights and responsibilities consider different points of view explore moral, social and cultural issues discuss and debate topical issues. Tobacco education Schools have an important role to play in raising pupils awareness of the health risks associated with smoking: The emphasis should be on providing information and developing attitudes and skills which will prevent young people from taking up smoking and supporting those who want to stop. Schools may wish to explore the impact of smoking on immediate physical functioning and appearance as well as the influence of friends, family, society and the media on decisions about smoking. NICE Guidance NICE recommends that to be most effective smoking prevention efforts should begin in primary school and continue throughout a young person s time in school. Ref: NICE, 2010, School-based interventions to prevent the uptake of smoking among children and young people. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence DFE and ACPO Drugs Guidance for Schools (2012) This guidance contains the following guidance on Smoke Free Schools: Tobacco Smoke Free Schools 29. Schools are subject to the same smoke free legislation as other premises and most schools go much The guidance also states that: further. Schools should ensure that pupils have access to and knowledge of up-to-date information on 30. In most schools: sources of help. This includes local and national helplines (including NHS Stop Smoking Services). The school is a smoke-free site; Ref: ACP Drug Guidance for Schools, Children, young people, staff, parents/carers and governors have been involved in the deringdownload/dfe pdf development and implementation of a smoke-free site; The school provides information and support for smokers to quit e.g. promoting access to smoking cessation classes, which may be provided on the school site. 31. Children and young people should understand the non-smoking policy. 3

5 Guidance for Parents and Carers One of the concerns about carrying out work in relation to smoking is the response from children whose parents smoke and also from the parent smokers themselves. Tobacco education can be a sensitive subject due largely to the life limiting consequences of the habit. It is for this reason that primary age children need to be provided with the correct information and skills to manage the pressure to take up smoking. Rather than being passive recipients of second hand smoke, children can use their knowledge to actively resist parental smoking. It is important for teachers to include whenever and wherever possible the benefits of stopping smoking as well as discussing the risks. This will provide hope to children who are worried about smokers they know. (See separate sheet on the benefits of quitting). Material on how to access the local stop smoking service to find out more about how to stop smoking is included. This can be given to parents and carers as part of the general information about the subject the children are studying. A letter outlining the importance of raising the issue of tobacco use to this age group and about the smoke free homes project could also be sent to parents. Smokers and their children are used to health promotion campaigns about smoking - they are faced with campaign messages in most mediums, so may well have discussed this subject as a family already. 4

6 Health benefits of stopping smoking After just 20 minutes your heart beats at its normal rate. After 8 hours oxygen increases and your chances of having a heart attack start to fall. After 24 hours the lungs start to clear out mucus and debris. After 48 hours nicotine leaves the body, and taste and sense of smell improve. After 72 hours breathing and energy levels increase. After 2-12 weeks blood circulation improves throughout the body. After 3-9 months coughing, shortness of breath and wheezing improve. After 5 years the risk of having a heart attack falls to about half that of a smoker, and after 10 years it is the same as someone who has never smoked. Your lung cancer risks reduce with every year you quit. 5

7 TEMPLATE LETTER TO SEND TO PARENTS To Parents: Step Out Smoke Free Homes project In October, (School Name) will be taking part in a local project to encourage families to make their homes smoke free. The project is being run by Southampton City Council Public Health Team in partnership with Hampshire Public Health, and will involve a session in school around the dangers of smoking and why a smoke free home is important. We will also be running a competition to design a smoke free home poster, which will be used in a local campaign with Children s Centres and the Fire and Rescue Service. We are aware that some of our parents/carers are smokers, or your child may know someone who smokes. For this reason, the Public Health Team has sent us some information which we are passing on to you. The Step Out Project Smoke Free Hampshire is launching a campaign across the region to help raise awareness of the dangers of smoking around children and to promote smoke free homes and cars. What is secondhand smoke and why is it harmful? Secondhand smoke is the smoke given off by cigarettes when someone is smoking and also breathed out by the smoker. This is very harmful for babies and children as their bodies are not yet developed. They are more likely to get coughs and colds, lung problems such as asthma and ear infections. Keeping your children safe The Step Out campaign encourages parents to take the step of going right away from the house to smoke. Most cigarette smoke is invisible and there is no safe level of cigarette smoke. Opening the window, smoking by the door, or smoking in the home when children are at school is not enough cigarette smoke lingers and can still be harmful after several hours. Instead, try to: Make sure you always go right out of the house to smoke (even if the children aren t at home) Tell everyone your home is smoke free and ask visitors not to smoke in the house Put an ashtray ready to take outside to collect your cigarette ends 6

8 Are your children likely to smoke? When asked, smokers often say that they do not want their children to start smoking. The best way to make this less likely is to stop smoking yourself, but if you encourage your children not to smoke then that really helps. You can also help by not smoking around your children, so that they don t copy you. If you smoke but are not ready to quit, the best thing you can do is to smoke outside. Want to stop smoking? If you are interested in quitting, you are four times more likely to succeed if you get help and support from the local NHS Stop Smoking Service Solent Quitters. They will be able to offer a range of support including one-to-one advice in person, telephone support, and they hold sessions throughout Southampton. You can contact them on or SNHS.quitters@nhs.net 7

9 Step Out Smoke Free Homes Lesson Plans Years 3-4 Aim: To educate pupils about the dangers of second hand smoke in the home/car and to help them find ways to avoid it. Learning Goals By the end of the lessons each pupil should be able to: 1. Describe what is meant by second hand smoke 2. Explain the dangers of second hand smoke to their health 3. Describe strategies to reduce exposure in the home and car 4. Design a Smoke Free Home door hanger for their home OR write a persuasive letter to a parent to encourage them not to smoke in the home (Depending on Year group and ability) Previous Learning Pupils will have a basic understanding of the dangers of smoking to health from previous lessons. Resources Required: Power point/smart board Hand-outs Worksheets Equality and Diversity Opportunity to discuss how different cultures view smoking Consideration given to individuals home circumstances and environment given 8

10 LESSON 1-45 minutes Time/Duration Activity Type Instructions Resources 15 minutes Developing and sharing opinions on smoking Teaching Resource #1 Whole Class or Small group Present the class with the photographs on Resource #1. Work as a whole class on the board or in small groups. Ask them to: a) Describe what they see b) Say what they think of the photos c) What dangers do they see? Reflect on health dangers of smoking for the individual from previous lessons. Explain how we know that smoking is dangerous to the person smoking. Give some examples of smoking related illnesses. 30 minutes Understanding Second-hand smoke Whole Class or Small group Show class photographs on Resource #2, either as whole group or in small groups on paper. Ask them to describe: a) What is different about these photos? (i.e. there are children) b) What might the child be feeling? c) What are the dangers for the child? Teaching Resource #2 Individual Task Take feedback and discuss. Use Resource #3 for teacher information to discuss the effect of second-hand smoke on children. Teaching Resource #3 Ask children to complete Worksheet #1 How does secondhand smoke affect Ben? Teacher assistance may be required. Worksheet #1 9

11 LESSON 2 45 minutes 5 minutes Understanding second hand smoke 15minutes How can we avoid second hand smoke? Whole Class Brief re-cap on the dangers of second hand smoke. Use Resource #3 for teacher information. Group discussion in class about strategies to avoid exposure to second hand smoke. Teacher to suggest following strategies: Asking parents to always smoke outside and away from the door Asking parents/carers never to smoke in the car, even with the window open Asking parents/carers to change clothes/coat after smoking Not allowing guests in the house to smoke Asking family and friends not to smoke around them Suggesting to parents/carers that they can stop smoking with help from an NHS Stop Smoking Service Resource #3 Resource #4 25 minutes Depending on Year Group and ability: Either: Create door hanger for home Or: Letter to parents Individual Use Resource #4 for teacher information Each child to have a copy of Resource #5 (door hanger template, ideally printed onto card). Pupils to create own design, to promote a smoke free home. Encourage pupils to use the themes learned in lesson, i.e. illnesses, stopping smoking. Pupils should take door hanger home to aid discussion with family. Resource #5 Individual Using worksheet provided, ask the children to write a persuasive letter to Rashid s parents asking them not to smoke in the house or car. Worksheet#2 10

12 Step Out Smoke Free Homes Lesson Plan Years 5-6 Aim: To educate pupils about the dangers of second hand smoke in the home/car and to provide necessary strategies to reduce exposure. Learning Goals By the end of the lesson each pupil should be able to: 1. Describe where second hand smoke can be found 2. Explain the dangers of second hand smoke to children s health 3. Describe strategies to reduce exposure in the home and car 4. To write a persuasive letter to a smoker encouraging them to smoke away from children Previous Learning Pupils will have a basic understanding of the dangers of smoking to health from previous lessons. Resources Required: Power point/smart board Handouts Worksheets Equality and Diversity Opportunity to discuss how different cultures view smoking Consideration given to individuals home circumstances and environment given Time/Duration Activity Type Instructions Resources 10 minutes Developing and sharing opinions on smoking Whole Class or Small group Present the class with the photographs on Resource #1. Work as a whole class on the board or in small groups. Ask them to: Describe what they see Say what they think of the photos What dangers do they see? Reflect on health dangers of smoking for the individual from previous lessons. Explain that we now all Resource #1 11

13 know that smoking is dangerous to the person smoking. 20 minutes Understanding Second hand smoke Whole Class or Small group Show class photographs on Resource #2, either as whole group or in small groups on paper. Resource #2 Individual Task Ask them to describe: What is different about these photos? (i.e. there are children) What might the child be feeling? What are the dangers for the child? Take feedback and discuss. Use Resource Sheet #3 for teacher information to discuss the effect of second hand smoke on children. Resource #3 Ask children to complete Worksheet 1#: How does second hand smoke affect Ben? Worksheet #1 10minutes How can we avoid second hand smoke? Whole Class Group discussion in class about strategies to avoid exposure to second hand smoke, to include: Asking parents to always smoke outside & away from the door Asking parents/carers 12

14 never to smoke in the car, even with the window open Asking parents/carers to change clothes/coat after smoking Not allowing guests in the house to smoke Asking family & friends not to smoke around them Suggesting to parents/carers that they can stop smoking with help from an NHS Stop Smoking Service Resource #4 Use resource #4 for teacher information 20 minutes Letter to a parent Individual Each child to have a copy of Worksheet #2. Ask the children to write a persuasive letter to Rashid s parents asking them not to smoke in the house or car. They should include: a) How the smoke may affect Rashid s health b) What they could do instead e.g. go outdoors, quit c) Why it is important to Rashid Worksheet #2 Home Learning Task Competition Ask pupils to produce A4 poster for Step Out Competition. Poster Competition Information 13

15 Worksheet #1: How might Ben be affected by the second-hand smoke in his home? How will the smoke affect his hair and clothes? When Ben sees his parents smoke, how can it affect what he thinks about cigarettes? How will the smoke affect his heart and lungs? How else might he be affected? 14

16 Worksheet #1 (Answer Sheet) How might Ben be affected by the second hand smoke in his home? How will the smoking in the house/car affect his hair and clothes? His clothes and hair will smell of smoke, even when they have been washed The harmful chemicals from the cigarettes will cling to his clothes and he will breathe some in. When Ben sees his parents smoke, how can it affect what he thinks about cigarettes? He may think all adults smoke He may worry about them and their health He may be tempted to try smoking if he sees cigarettes or tobacco around the house He is more likely to smoke himself as he looks up to his parents He might think that smoking relaxes people, but it doesn t How will the smoke affect his lungs and breathing? He will have coughs and colds more often. He might get asthma He will breathe in lots of dangerous chemicals He might get more chest infections How else might he be affected? He will not be able to smell things as well as other children He might get more ear infections and be ill more often When he grows up he might be more likely to get more serious illnesses (such as cancers) Other people might find that he smells of cigarettes and this could bother him. 15

17 Worksheet #2 This is Rashid. His parents smoke in the house and car. He would like them to stop. Write a persuasive letter to his parents asking them to stop smoking in the house & car. You should include the following: a) An explanation about the dangers of second-hand smoke for Rashid b) Ways that they can stop Rashid breathing in smoke Dear Rashid s Parents 16

18 Teaching Resource #1: Step Out Smoke Free Homes 17

19 Teaching Resource #2: Step Out Smoke Free 18

20 Teaching Resource # 3: Information for Teachers on the dangers of second-hand smoke for Children You should judge the level of information to give the class about potential illnesses according to the year group and ability. Children who are exposed to second hand smoke are more likely to get: Ear infections Bronchitis Asthma Coughs and Colds Bacterial Meningitis Bronchitis A reduced sense of smell Sudden infant death syndrome Childhood cancers When they grow up they are also more likely to get: Lung cancer Emphysema They are also more likely to smoke themselves 19

21 Teaching Resource #4: Key strategies for reducing exposure of children to second-hand smoke Key learning points It is important that the pupils understand that lots of the chemicals in smoke are invisible and cannot be smelt. Opening windows is not sufficient because the chemicals still get blown into the room. Smoke clings to materials such as clothes and furniture and can still be harmful for some time after the cigarette has been finished. Key Strategies Children can ask parents/carers to smoke outside, right away from the door, ideally with it shut. Children can ask parents/carers not to smoke in the car Children can ask that there should never be any exception to this rule and it should be followed even when the children are not at home/in the car Children can ask parents/carers to wear a different coat when smoking outside and change it when they come in Children can ask that parents tell friends and family about the rules Children can suggest that parents stop smoking with the help of the NHS Stop Smoking Service 20

22 Teaching Resource #5 21

23 Step Out Lesson Teachers Post Lesson Questionnaire To ensure the appropriateness and usefulness of this resource, please could you complete this short questionnaire after running the session. Please read the following statements and circle your answer. Thank you. Name of School: 1. The resource was easy to use Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 2. The resource enabled me to discuss the topic of secondhand smoke in a fun and engaging way Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 3. The resource allowed me to feel confident and competent to discuss the topic of secondhand smoke with my class Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 4. The lesson was targeted appropriately for this age group (Years 5 and 6) Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 5. In my opinion, pupils knowledge in relation to secondhand smoke was increased by the lesson Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 6. I will use this resource again in the future for other classes Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree 7. Do you have any general feedback about the resource? Please return to: Thank you for taking part in this evaluation Ginny Cranshaw, Public Health Department, Southampton City Council, Civic Centre, Southampton, SO14 7LT 22