T R A P. Tobacco Facts: TOBACCO & NICOTINE

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1 Name: Per: Tobacco Facts: CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY drug addicted or alcoholic needing more and more to get the same feeling or high symptoms people feel when they can t get the drug they are addicted to. T R A P STAGES DAMAGE OCCURRING AT EACH STAGE Trial & Experimentation Recreational Use Abuse Pinned Down/Addicted TOBACCO & NICOTINE Smoking is of death in the United States. (It causes heart disease, strokes, cancers, emphysema, and Chronic Bronchitis) Physical Dangers of Nicotine Tobacco users have difficulty quitting because tobacco contains an addictive drug, a substance that causes. ALL tobacco products contain nicotine, found in tobacco leaves. 1 Teens who smoke cigarettes are more likely to drink alcohol, and teens who smoke and drink are more likely to use marijuana. 2 Most people smoke compulsively. Very few people can smoke occasionally. So, do NOT think you will just be a casual smoker! 3 Smoking a single cigarette may give enough nicotine to initiate addiction! 4A puff of nicotine begins to calm a smoker s brain and it gets used to hundreds of nicotine hits each day and may have trouble calming down without them. Smoking is triggered by stimulus-responses like the smell of coffee, the end of a meal, or getting in the car Smoking is a social ritual shared with family, friends or co-workers that makes it even harder to quit. 1

2 Nicotine is a stimulant, a drug that the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and the other organs. Nicotine is highly, as addictive as heroin or cocaine. The half-life of nicotine in the blood is about 120 minutes. blood vessels Increases heart rate and blood pressure develops Tobacco is a carcinogen a. It contains: Tar a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns. Damages a smoker s respiratory system. Carbon Monoxide a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. Deprives the body s tissues and cells of oxygen. Carbon Monoxide: Tar: is an odorless, tasteless gas in displaces from blood so less gets to heart, muscles Causes poor circulation and leads to causes heart disease there are over chemicals in tobacco smoke they contain carcinogens which cause Cigarettes are a big business: In 2012, tobacco companies spent marketing cigarettes and smokeless tobacco in the United States alone. This amount translates to about each day, or more than every hour. Approximately of all smokers start before age 18; the average age for a new smoker is. Pipes, Cigars & Smokeless Tobacco: than cigarettes! One cigar contains as much nicotine as an entire pack of 20 cigarettes. Harmful chemicals in smokeless tobacco are absorbed into the body at levels up to 3x the amount of a single cigarette. 2

3 What are E-Cigarettes? E-cigarettes are inhalers. They do contain, but do not contain or tar. Are E-Cigarettes Safe - or Safer?? on whether they are safer than regular cigarettes but we that nicotine is. Caution: Second Hand Smoke: Don t hang around a smoker- for every smokers who die, they take non-smoker with them!! REMEMBER It is the in U.S. There are approximately in the U.S. every year Tips for Quitting ALCOHOL Why wait until 21 to decide if you want to drink or not? Alcohol is hard on. It takes as much alcohol to damage a teen s brain as it does an adult s brain. The brain can completely shut down breathing and/or swallowing and gag reflex if there is alcohol. What is Alcohol? It is a, which affects the CNS (central nervous system) Hard Core Facts There are more teens who DON T drink alcohol than those who do! Unlike other drugs, alcohol dissolves in both water and fat, its high solubility in water makes it potent depressants of the human CNS. 3

4 Teen Alcohol Children and teens become chemically dependent than adults (as fast as several weeks or months) Adolescents who begin drinking before age 15 more likely to develop alcohol addiction than those who begin drinking at age 21. A child who reaches age 21 without abusing alcohol or using drugs is virtually certain to do so. Teen s toward drinking alcohol. Teens are more likely to adopt the attitude: or Let s party hard Teen Alcohol Statistics The first brain function you lose under even a small amount of alcohol is. of all fatal car accidents involve alcohol. of all drownings involve alcohol. Drinkers are more likely to die in a fall. Teen Binge Drinking: (teen binge drinkers were (5 drinks in a row for boys, 4 for girls) 11 times more likely to who had been drinking alcohol 4 times more likely to be in a. Nearly 4 times more likely to have ever been or subjected to, More than 5 times more likely to be sexually active 4 times more likely to have attempted. Teen binge drinkers were also more likely to use. Small Amounts of Alcohol: Lose your inhibitions Large Amounts of Alcohol: reduced coordination % : impaired impaired reaction time % : intoxicated %: slightly affected (legally intoxicated for teens) vision difficulties % : lose control, pass out passing out/ coma / death.40% + up : coma (or dead) 4

5 Drinking and Driving: Different factors determine the effects alcohol will have on you: How fast you drink Any other drugs in the body Amount of food in the stomach Alcoholism: Alcoholism is a. You can be addicted 2 ways: and. DISTURBING ALCOHOL STATISTICS: 1 out of 10 people in the U.S. who drink become! Approximately 14 million people in the U.S. are addicted to alcohol or abuse alcohol. Alcohol is the third leading cause of the preventable deaths in the United States. How Do YOU Know? The drinking is / interfering with living. And then they can t stop because they are. Hereditary Link? Alcoholism runs in families: if 1 parent is/was an alcoholic or drug addict you have a chance of also becoming an alcoholic/addict; If 2 parents, you have an chance!* The 3 C s of Addiction: You did not it You cannot it You cannot it! Resources: is for teen children of alcoholics is for husbands, wives, family, friends is for the alcoholic him/herself 5

6 SUMMARY OF ALCOHOL RISKS FOR TEENS: Resist Peer Pressure: Have the courage to say drink something else choose *** avoid situations have 20 Questions to ask to see if someone is an alcoholic: LIST/20Questions.htm Ask yourself the following questions and answer them as honestly as you can. 1. Do you lose time from work (or school) due to your drinking? 2. Is drinking making your home life unhappy? 3. Do you drink because you are shy with other people? 4. Is drinking affecting your reputation? 5. Have you ever felt remorse after drinking? 6. Have you gotten into financial difficulties as a result of your drinking? 7. Do you turn to lower companions and an inferior environment when drinking? 8. Does your drinking make you careless of your family's welfare? 9. Has your ambition decreased since drinking? 10. Do you crave a drink at a definite time daily? 6

7 11. Do you want a drink the next morning? 12. Does drinking cause you to have difficulty in sleeping? 13. Has your efficiency decreased since drinking? 14. Is drinking jeopardizing your job or business? 15. Do you drink to escape from worries or troubles? 16. Do you drink alone? 17. Have you ever had a complete loss of memory as a result of your drinking? 18. Has your physician ever treated you for drinking? 19. Do you drink to build up your self-confidence? 20. Have you ever been in a hospital or institution on account of drinking? If you have answered YES to any 2, the chances are that you are an alcoholic. If you have answered YES to 3 or more, you are definitely an alcoholic. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Syndrome is caused by less to the baby. It can cause birth defects, low birth weight, miscarriages and still births. No amount of alcohol during pregnancy is!! Each year babies are born with FAS. Dysfunctional Behaviors - resorting to unhealthy behaviors to get needs met. When facing dysfunction in their family, a person may try to for the negative atmosphere. Overcoming Adverse Childhood Experiences: Building in Students with Adverse Childhood Experiences Protective Factors Healing can occur The cycle can be broken Safe, stable, nurturing relationships heal parent and child. 7

8 MYTHS & DENIAL unproved belief or invented story. Drug Myths are unrealistic beliefs that are used to justify drug use. Myth#1 Myth#2 Myth#3 Myth#4 Denial ignoring consequences that are obvious to others. Drug Users frequently or outside social events for their drug use. Drug Users may from drug use. Drug Users on others. Drug Users bad things that happen to them, so that they appear to be positive, or at least not so bad. making negative consequences seem positive. Drugs will take you places you never thought you would go... AND Change who you are... 8

9 Guess 5 things that a child/teen might go through that would cause them to turn to drugs or alcohol: RISK FACTORS QUIZ Guess the answers to the PowerPoint Quiz: Write in the risk factor from the PowerPoint: HOW TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM ADDICTIONS?? There are some factors you cannot control, but for many of these risks, simply choose the opposite in your life: Choose friends who do NOT use Work on getting good grades Do NOT smoke cigarettes Do NOT drink alcohol while your body is still growing Choose to have positive self esteem Get help for depression or other mental illnesses Deal with stress with COPE and be honest about the risks involved and negative side effects of drug use. HOW MANY DO YOU HAVE IN YOUR LIFE? The more risk factors you have on this list, the more likely it is that you will become ADDICTED! If you have several risk factors... Look at yourself, your family background, your behavior and experiences. BEING HONEST about the risk factors in your life can help you assess your own personal risk for addiction. You are still young and you can have many healthy years ahead. 9

10 Habits and Addictions The brain receives input from dopamine-containing neurons in the midbrain or brainstem. The brain begins to associate rewards ( ) with a particular thought, or action. Habits are formed by the repetition of a particular neural pathway leading to a reward, and! Psychoactive drugs target the brain's reward system by flooding the circuit with. Dopamine is a neuro-transmitter in the brain that regulates emotion, motivation, and pleasure. The overstimulation of this system produces a false euphoric (high) effect. Just like turning down the volume on a radio that s too loud, the brain adjusts to the overwhelming surges in dopamine by producing or by reducing the number of receptors that can receive and transmit signals. As a result, dopamine's impact can become abnormally low, and the ability to experience any pleasure is reduced. This is why the abuser eventually feels flat, lifeless, and depressed, and is unable to enjoy things that previously brought them pleasure. Now, they need to take drugs just to bring their dopamine function back up to normal, and they must take larger amounts of the drug to create the dopamine high - an effect known as. INHALANTS are depressants and slow the brain s CNS! Inhalants can kill you the first time you use them! Research shows that inhalant use is associated with symptoms of depression. Neurons in a part of the brain called the hippocampus can also be damaged by inhalants. Brain cells don't get enough oxygen. Someone who repeatedly uses inhalants may lose the ability to learn new things, or have a hard time in simple conversations. of kids who die using inhalants were using them for the first time!!! Drug Name Appearance (Pill, Liquid, Powder, Plant) Why do teens want to use it? What does someone look like on this drug? Negative effects of the drug (short term / long term) Inhalants 10

11 HALLUCINOGENS Salvia: is a legal herb that may be legal, but very dangerous. Even seasoned drug users have called salvia too intense and scary. In fact some teenage suicides have been blamed on the herb. Salvia can cause paranoia, short term memory loss, and it can be a precursor to schizophrenia. LSD: Acid, causes severe hallucinations, dangerous behaviors, and causes even 10 years after use. PCP: is a hallucinogen, depressant, stimulant, and narcotic so it causes very dangerous reactions and behaviors Psilocybin (mushrooms): One danger is if you eat poisonous mushrooms. Cannabis (Marijuana): The biggest danger of pot is that kids think there s no danger!! STIMULANTS o Marijuana is o Marijuana is a drug it is often the first drug kids use o It takes the average pot smoker years to realize marijuana is hurting their life and they need to quit!!!! o Marijuana causes an I don t care attitude. Pot is the only drug that makes people who use it unmotivated to quit it. Cocaine The high feels so intense, and then the crash feels so bad, that the person wants uses again Ritalin - is a prescription safely used to help people with ADHD focus, but it can cause dangerous reactions if used without a prescription. Methamphetamine - can give even healthy people a heart attack and can damage blood vessels in the brain, leading to strokes (which can produce irreversible damage). o Meth can cause paranoid, and behaviors. Ecstasy - is a stimulant that can cause hyperthermia - where body temperature can get so high it leads to liver, kidney and heart failure. DEPRESSANTS o The second phase of E is a hallucinogen that causes people to have heightened, BUT they are actually killing the brain cells responsible for these emotions and can the ability to feel emotions and desires permanently!!! (Meth and Cocaine use also causes this same type of brain damage!) Alcohol - The average size difference between a brain of a healthy teen and one who drinks heavily is about 10 % than the non-drinker s brain!! o Repeated alcohol exposure can alter the trajectory, or path, of teen brain development impacting adolescents even after they become adults. 11

12 Cough Medicine: Some cough syrups that contain DXM often also contain decongestants, which when abused, can cause hypoxic (not getting enough oxygen to the brain). Just because it s an Over-the-Counter drug does not mean it is safe. It is not if you don t follow directions. Sleeping pills, tranquilizers are highly addictive, and can also cause the brain to completely shut down and go into a coma or death. Rohypnol and GHB: Rohypnol ( Roofies ) is known as the date rape drug. It is not legally made in the U.S. It s odorless and colorless and causes a person to be completely out of it and they wake up the next day with a memory loss of what happened. NARCOTICS Includes: Oxycodone (OxyContin), Darvon, Hydrocodone (Vicodin), Percocet, Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Valium, Xanax, and more o One of the most dangerous ways narcotics affect the brain is. Addiction occurs when patients take the medications for effects other than pain relief. o Use of these medications needs to be monitored by you and your physician. THESE DRUGS ARE NOT MEANT TO BE TAKEN WITHOUT A DOCTOR S PERMISSION AND MONITORING!!! o Another dangerous side-effect of use is!! o Narcotics can cause: restlessness, nausea, dizziness, confusion, respiratory depression, scars (racks) caused by injections, loss of appetite, cough, lethargy, tolerance, addiction, unconsciousness o Withdrawal effects: watery eyes, runny nose, cramps, loss of appetite, irritability, nausea, tremors, panic, chills, sweating o Overdose: slow, shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, respiratory depression and arrest (stop breathing), coma, death Heroin is an illegal drug processed from morphine, a natural opiate derived from specific varieties of poppy. o This results in the heroin, a sudden surge of intense pleasure known among heroin users as "." During a heroin rush the skin flushes and the arms and legs feel heavy. Dry mouth is common, and the heroin user may also experience nausea, vomiting or intense itchiness. o Once the immediacy of the rush ends, heroin abusers are drowsy for several hours (being ".") Mental functioning is slow and disoriented. Heart function and breathing slows, sometimes to the point of unconsciousness, coma and death. Unlike many illegal drugs, the high produced by heroin doesn't last long, so addicts commonly abuse heroin as many as a day. o The frequency of heroin use means heroin addiction develops faster than many other illegal drugs. 12

13 o heroin abuse is the most common method employed so sharing needles used for heroin abuse and other illegal drugs increases the risk of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B and C AND air bubble in vein danger! o Pure heroin is dangerous enough, but when diluted or "cut with additives, the drug becomes even more dangerous. Three Main Dangers of Mixing Narcotics you don t know what drug you re taking or its strength do you have allergies, do you have a medical condition, are you taking other medications, do you have any unknown medical conditions????????? either from too much of one drug, a combination of drugs, or cutting a timerelease pill in half Synthetic Drugs In the past four years, more than synthetic designer drugs have flooded into the United States. Synthetic "designer" drugs are, designed to mimic the highs of marijuana, cocaine and other controlled drugs. Synthetic cannabinoids (also known as K2, Spice or synthetic marijuana) and synthetic cathinones (better known as bath salts) are two common types of synthetic drugs with growing concerns, especially among high school students. Unlike regular marijuana and cocaine, which come from plants, synthetic marijuana contains chemicals and dried plant materials. It is sometimes marketed as "." In the new world of drug dealing, the chemicals are manufactured overseas, sold online in bulk and imported into the United States, where they are assembled and packaged for resale. These drugs are then labeled as research chemicals, not for human consumption, to avoid prosecution. There is no known legitimate purposes for these chemicals. (They are strictly recreational, not medical). AND IT COULD BE A HIGH -. 13

14 Drug Video Review Spreadsheet: Drug Name Appearance (Pill, Liquid, Powder, Plant) Why do teens want to use it? What does someone look like on this drug? Negative effects of the drug (short term / long term) Hallucinogens Marijuana Stimulants Meth Ecstasy Depressants Rohypnol, GHB (DATE RAPE DRUGS) Narcotics And/Or Heroin 14

15 DO I, OR DOES MY FRIEND HAVE A DRUG PROBLEM? Does your friend seem like a different person when she drinks or gets high? Has she been letting you down lately and you think it's connected to drug use? This can be a difficult situation to deal with, and sometimes it gets worse before it gets better. Don't make excuses. Talk to them. DO I, OR DOES MY FRIEND HAVE ANY OF THESE SIGNS? Gets drunk or high on a regular basis. Drinks or uses drugs when he/she is alone. Shows up at school drunk or high or has skipped class to use. Needs drugs or alcohol to have a good time or cope with everyday life. Plans for drug use in advance. Starts hanging out with new friends who ll do drugs with him/her or score for him/her. Lies about drug use. Pressures others to use drugs. Has broken plans with you or showed up late because they were drunk or high. Shows little interest in or quits sports or activities he/she once enjoyed. Has driven a car while drunk or high. Borrows or steals money to buy drugs or alcohol. IF YOU OR YOUR FRIEND HAS ONE OR MORE OF THE ABOVE SIGNS: GET HELP ASK MRS. MUÑOZ FOR A COPY OF THE SELF-HELP ASSISTANCE TOOLKIT (IT HAS RESOURCES TO HELP YOU). 15