2010 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey 2010 Florida Prevention Conference Orlando, Florida October 1, 2010

Transcription

1 2010 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey 2010 Florida Prevention Conference Orlando, Florida October 1, 2010 Hal Johnson, MPH Substance Abuse Program Office Florida Department of Children and Families

2 Outline Evolution of the Survey Middle school High school Substance use prevalence trends Alcohol Profile Gang data Bullying 2

3 Evolution of the Survey Middle School Pilot study 2007 Standard questionnaire Shortened questionnaire Interleaved/distributed in same classrooms 3

4 Non-Response Percentage Standard FYSAS Questionnaire 40% 30% 30% 24% 20% 20% 15% 10% 13% 12% 11% 4% 0% 1% Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 4

5 Keep as is Delete specific questions Add categories Alcohol Binge drinking Cigarettes Marijuana/Hashish Inhalants Methamphetamine Heroin Depressants Prescription Pain Relievers Amphetamines Steroids Smokeless Tobacco Ecstasy Rohypnol GHB Ketamine LSD/PCP Hallucinogenic mushrooms Cocaine Crack cocaine Depressants or downers Rx Pain Relievers Amphetamines Steroids None (info collected by FYTS) Club Drugs Hallucinogens Cocaine or Crack Prescription drugs OTC cough medicine or tablets to get high 5

6 Low neighborhood Attachment Community Disorganization Transitions and Mobility Laws and Norms favor drug use Laws and Norms favor firearms Perceived availability of drugs Perceived availability of firearms Community Rewards Prosoc Involv Community Opport. Prosoc Involv DROP - Shows a U curve, with attachment to bad neighborhoods serving as a risk factor, and to a good neighborhood serving as a protective factor No change No change No change DROP - Adds little to previous scale, and there are no programmatic actions to address this No change No change No change MODIFY Combine activities into one question. Add 2 questions on neighborhood adult drug use behaviors. Poor Family management Family conflict Parental attitudes favor Antisoc Beh. Parental attitudes favor ATOD use Family History of Antisocial Behavior Family Attachment Family opportun prosocial involve Family Rewards prosocial involve No change No change DROP - There are very few students who report that their parents approve of the sample behaviors, and little is added to info obtained from the following scale. No change MODIFY Drop questions pertaining to adults in general, and keep those dealing specifically with family members. DROP Shows a U curve, with attachment to bad families serving as a risk factor, and attachment to a good family serving as a protective factor No change No change 6

7 Poor Academic Performance Low Commitment to School School Opport prosocial involvement School rewards prosocial involvement No change No change No change No change Low Perceived Risk ATOD use Early initiation ATOD use Sensation Seeking Rebelliousness Friends Delinquent Behavior Friends Use of Drugs Peer rewards antisocial behave Favor attitudes antisoc behave Favor attitudes ATOD use Religiosity Social Skills Belief in the Moral Order No change No change DROP There are no programs to address this in the community or in schools. Additionally, it can be argued that learning to push the envelope is a good thing in some situations DROP Same argument as previous scale, and low prediction of ATOD use. DROP The correlation between individual behavior and friends behavior is well established in the literature, but the correlation is so high, that this scale really doesn t add any value in program planning DROP Same argument as previous scale. No change No change No change No change DROP/MODIFY Drop the scale, but keep the single question about peer influence. The other questions are very long, confusing, and somewhat obsolete. DROP Not very predictive of ATOD use. 7

8 DELETED ITEMS: Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many of your best friends have: o Smoked cigarettes? o Tried beer, wine or hard liquor (for example, vodka, whiskey or gin) when their parents didn t know about it? o Used marijuana? o Used LSD, cocaine, amphetamines or other illegal drugs? o Been suspended from school? o Carried a handgun? o Sold illegal drugs? o Stolen or tried to steal a motor vehicle such as a car or motorcycle? o Been arrested? o Dropped out of school? o Been members of a gang? It is all right to beat up people if they start the fight. I ignore rules that get in my way. It is important to be honest with your parents, even if they become upset or you get punished. I do the opposite of what people tell me, just to get them mad. I think it is okay to take something without asking if you can get away with it. 8

9 How many times have you done the following things? o Done what feels good no matter what. o Done something dangerous because someone dared you to do it. o Done crazy things even if they are a little dangerous. You re looking at CDs in a music store with a friend. You look up and see her slip a CD under her coat. She smiles and says Which one do you want? Go ahead, take it while nobody s around. There is nobody in sight, no employees and no other customers. What would you do now? It s 8:00 on a weeknight and you are about to go over to a friend s home when your mother asks you where you are going. You say Oh, just going to go hang out with some friends. She says, No, you ll just get into trouble if you go out. Stay home tonight. What would you do now? You are visiting another part of town, and you don t know any of the people your age there. You are walking down the street, and some teenager you don t know is walking toward you. He is about your size, and as he is about to pass you, he deliberately bumps into you and you almost lose your balance. What would you say or do? I think sometimes its okay to cheat at school. I like to see how much I can get away with. Have you ever used smokeless tobacco (chew, snuff, plug, dipping tobacco, chewing tobacco)? How frequently have you used smokeless tobacco during the past 30 days? 9

10 On how many occasions (if any) have you used Ecstasy (also known as MDMA) in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used Rohypnol (also known as Roofies) in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used LSD or PCP in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used hallucinogenic mushrooms ( shrooms, magic mushrooms) in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used GHB (also known as G, Georgia Home Boy, and Goop) in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used ketamine (also known as Jet, K, and Super C) in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used cocaine in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? 10

11 On how many occasions (if any) have you used crack cocaine in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used depressants or downers like quaaludes, Xanax, barbiturates or tranquilizers in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used prescription pain relievers such as OxyContin, Vicodin or Darvocet, without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used amphetamines (including Ritalin, Adderall, etc.) without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used steroids without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? If a kid carried a handgun in your neighborhood, would he or she be caught by the police? If I had to move, I would miss the neighborhood I now live in. 11

12 I like my neighborhood. I d like to get out of my neighborhood. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to: o Steal anything worth more than $5? o Draw graffiti, or write things or draw pictures on buildings or other property (without the owner s permission)? o Pick a fight with someone? Do you feel very close to your mother? Do you share your thoughts and feelings with your mother? Do you share your thoughts and feelings with your father? Do you feel very close to your father? 12

13 CHANGED ITEMS (delete strike-throughs, insert underlines) About how many adults have do you known know personally in your neighborhood who in the past year have: o used marijuana, crack, cocaine or other drugs? o sold or dealt drugs? o Done other things that could get them in trouble with the police like stealing, selling stolen goods, mugging or assaulting others, etc.? o gotten drunk or high? There are lots of adults in my neighborhood I could talk to about something important. Have any of your brothers or sisters ever: o drunk beer, wine or hard liquor (for example, vodka, whiskey or gin)? o smoked marijuana? o smoked cigarettes? o used illegal drugs other than marijuana? o taken a handgun to school? o been suspended or expelled from school? 13

14 ADDED ITEMS How much does bullying/harassing cause you worry or fear? Have you ever skipped school because of some bullying/harassing you? During the past 30 days, on how many days have students bullied/harassed you? During the past 30 days, how many students have you bullied/harassed? On how many occasions (if any) have you used club drugs such as Ecstasy, Rohypnol, GHB, or ketamine in your lifetime? during the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used LSD, PCP or hallucinogenic mushrooms ( shrooms, magic mushrooms) in your lifetime? during the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used cocaine or crack cocaine in your lifetime? during the past 30 days? 14

15 On how many occasions (if any) have you used prescription drugs without a doctor s orders in order to get high in your lifetime? during the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used drugs that can be purchased from a store without a prescription such as cold and cough medication in order to get high in your lifetime? during the past 30 days? In my community, there are lots of scouting groups, clubs, and sports teams for people my age to participate in. About how many people in your family have ever sold or dealt drugs 15

16 Pilot and Standard Survey Comparisons Standard Questionnaire Pilot Questionnaire Sample Size 6th 1777 (36%) 1648 (36%) 7th 1555 (31%) 1502 (32%) 8th 1618 (33%) 1488 (32%) TOTAL Average Number of Missing Values 6th th th Missing Values Percentage 6th 13.4% 7.3% 7th 10.2% 5.6% 8th 8.8% 4.9% 16

17 Non-Response Percentage Standard FYSAS Questionnaire 40% 30% 30% 24% 20% 20% 15% 10% 13% 12% 11% 4% 0% 1% Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 17

18 Non-Response Percentage MS Pilot vs. Standard FYSAS Questionnaire 40% 30% 30% 24% 20% 20% 16% 14% 10% 11% 4% 0% 2% 2% Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 6th-S 7th-S 8th-S 6th-P 7th-P 8th-P 18

19 Evolution of the Survey 2008 Changes Pilot questionnaire adopted for MS Bullying questions changed Some friends delinq behaviors added back Rx drugs separated back out HS questionnaire unchanged 19

20 BULLYING QUESTIONS DELETE: How much does bullying/harassing cause you worry or fear? Have you ever skipped school because of someone bullying/harassing you? During the past 30 days, on how many days have students bullied/harassed you? During the past 30 days, how many students have you bullied/harassed? INSERT: Definition: Bullying happens when someone hurts or scares another person on purpose. The person being bullied has a hard time defending himself or herself. Usually, bullying happens over and over. How much does bullying cause you worry or fear? Have you ever skipped school because someone was bullying you? 20

21 During the past 30 days: How often has someone hit, kicked or shoved you, caused you physical harm/injury, or taken your money or belongings? How often have you been taunted, teased, experienced name-calling, or been excluded or ignored by others in a mean way? How often has someone sent mean s, text messages, IM s or posted hurtful information on the Internet about you? During the past 30 days: How often have you repeatedly hit, kicked, shoved someone, caused someone physical harm/injury, or taken someone s money or belonging s without their permission? How often have you repeatedly taunted, teased, name called, excluded or ignored another person in a mean way? How often have you repeatedly sent mean s, text messages, IM s or posted hurtful information on the Internet about another person? 21

22 FRIENDS BEHAVIOR QUESTIONS RE-INSERT (7 of original 11): Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months) how many of your best friends have: o smoked cigarettes? o tried beer, wine or hard liquor (for example, vodka, whiskey or gin) when their parents didn t know about it? o used marijuana? o used prescription drugs without a doctor s orders? o carried a handgun? o sold illegal drugs? o been members of a gang? 22

23 SUBSTANCE USE QUESTIONS DELETE: On how many occasions (if any) have you used prescription drugs without a doctor s orders to get high in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? RE-INSERT: On how many occasions (if any) have you used depressants or downers like quaaludes, Xanax, barbiturates or tranquilizers in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used prescription pain relievers such as Oxycontin, Vicodin or Darvocet, without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used amphetamines (including Ritalin, Adderall, etc.) without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? On how many occasions (if any) have you used steroids without a doctor s orders in your lifetime? in the past 30 days? 23

24 Evolution of the Survey 2009 No Changes to MS or HS 2010 MS - More questions deleted HS MS survey adopted w/additions Bullying location Detailed gang questions Drinking environment 24

25 MIDDLE SCHOOL DELETE: Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many of your best friends have: carried a handgun? sold illegal drugs? About how many adults do you know in your neighborhood who in the past year have: -used marijuana, crack, cocaine or other drugs? -sold or dealt drugs? -gotten drunk or high? There are adults in my neighborhood I could talk to about something important. Have any of your brothers or sisters ever: -smoked marijuana? -used illegal drugs other than marijuana? -taken a handgun to school? -been suspended or expelled from school? About how many people in your family have ever sold or dealt drugs? 25

26 HIGH SCHOOL (Begin with the updated MS survey) INSERT: Bullying Where have you been physically or verbally bullied in the past year? (check all locations where you have personally been bullied) I have not been bullied in the past year In a classroom (while the teacher was out of the room) In a classroom (while the teacher was present in the room) In the cafeteria In the restroom In the hallways/stairwells In gym or locker room Somewhere else in a school building On the playground or athletic field In the parking lot or car pick-up area At the bus stop On other school property outside of the school building On the school bus At after school activities On field trips or other off-campus school events On the way to or from school (walking, biking, etc.) Online or by phone/text message Other non-school related locations 26

27 Gang experiences Have you witnessed gang members do any of the following at your school this school year? get into fights? steal things or rob people? damage or destroy property (including graffiti)? sell drugs? carry weapons (gun, knife, club, etc.)? What are the chances you would be seen as cool if you: belonged to a gang? Have you ever belonged to a gang? Are you a gang member now? If you have ever belonged to a gang, did that gang have a name? If you have ever belonged to a gang, why did you join the gang? (check all that apply) I have never belonged to a gang For fun and excitement For protection A friend or relative was in the gang I was forced to join To get respect For money To fit in better For other reasons 27

28 Alcohol questions During the past 30 days, how did you usually get alcohol to drink (choose only one answer)? I did not drink in the past 30 days I bought it in a store such as a liquor store, convenience store, supermarket, discount store, or gas station I bought it at a restaurant, bar, or club I bought it at a public event such as a concert or sporting event I gave someone else money to buy it for me Someone gave it to me I took it from a store I took it from a family member without them knowing it I got it some other way During the past 30 days, where did you usually drink alcohol (choose only one answer)? I did not drink in the past 30 days At my home At another person s home In a car or other vehicle At a restaurant, bar, or club At a public place such as a park, beach, or parking lot At a public event such as a concert or sporting event On school property Some other place During the last 30 days, on the days when you drank, about how many drinks did you usually have? My parents think its okay for me to drink alcohol. Never On Special Occasions Sometimes Whenever I want 28

29 Result of Survey Changes Risk/Protective factors reduced from 33 to 21 Substance categories reduced from 20 to 15 Shorter survey higher completion rates Bullying questions added Gang questions expanded in HS More details on drinking environment How obtained Where drank Parental attitude 29

30 Prevalence Trends Past-30-day alcohol Binge drinking Past-30 day marijuana Prescription Pain Relievers Depressants 30

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35 Xanax added in 2002 On how many occasions in the past (30 days/year) have you used depressants or downers like quaaludes, Xanax, barbiturates or tranquilizers? 35

36 New Alcohol Variables Number of drinks per episode How do they get it? Where do they drink it? Parental thoughts 36

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41 Gang Experiences Witnessed gang activities Reason for belonginh 41

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43 * Multiple selections allowed NOTE: Denominator includes all respondents, including those that did not belong to a gang 43

44 Bullying Experiences Being bullied Bullying others Bullying locations 44

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48 Contact Information Hal Johnson DCF Substance Abuse Program Office FYSAS: SEW: 48

49 Substance Use and School Factors Alcohol Marijuana Middle School High School 49

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57 Contact Information Hal Johnson DCF Substance Abuse Program Office FYSAS: SEW: 57