Annual Report Drugs Information and Monitoring System (DIMS) Indigo Haaglanden Tactus. Brijder. DIMS office Embedded in Trimbos-instituut

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1 Annual Report Drugs Information and Monitoring System (DIMS) What is DIMS? The Drugs Information and Monitoring System is a national network of testing facilities that aims at gaining an insight into the market of controlled substances. Stichting Mainline VNN Indigo Haaglanden Tactus Brijder Activities: DIMS examines the content of drugs, its associated health-related risks, and analyses trends. Method: DIMS monitors the market in controlled drugs by offering consumers the possibility to have their drugs tested. Commissioned by the Ministry of Health (VWS) and local authorities Vincent van Gogh GGD Amsterdam DIMS office Embedded in Trimbos-instituut Jellinek Mondriaan Novadic- Kentron IrisZorg Application: The data collected are being used for education, prevention and policy interventions. Education: The testing facilities serve a major educational purpose and provide information on effects and risks of drugs. Warnings: DIMS occasionally warns on a national, regional or local level, or e.g. via social media for drugs involving extra risks. How does it work? OPEN Extra dangerous drugs DIMS affiliated organizations hold weekly consulting hours. Here, users are able to hand in drugs for analysis, anonymously and discretely. If the sample can be determined, the composition is passed on directly. If not, the sample is sent to the laboratory for further analysis. A week later, the drugs have been analysed and the results are communicated. Sometimes the result is so disturbing, that a warning or Red Alert is issued. Waarschuwingen and Red Alerts in Several times a year a test result gives rise to warn users. This could be a limited warning, in the case of a dangerous substance, dosage or situation within a specific sub-group of users or region, but this could also be a nationwide warning (called Red Alert), in case of a dangerous substance, dosage or situation at national level. Red Alert A pill sold as ecstasy contains no MDMA, but a high dose of PMMA. Warning DOC in tablets sold as ecstasy. Regional campaign Noord-Holland A powder sold as ecstasy contains only PMMA. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2 Samples supplied to DIMS in In 12,4 visitors handed in 11,21 samples for analysis. This mainly involves ecstasy, cocaine,4-fa and speed. 12, 13% cocaine 1, 1% 8, 4-FA 6, 4, 9% 2, speed 3% ketamine 6% After years of increase, the total amount of ecstasy samples supplied to DIMS slightly decreased in. 3% 2C-B 2% LSD 1% mephedrone 3% other substances ecstasy/mdma Ecstasy/MDMA in Most of the samples handed in involve ecstasy pills or MDMA powders, in 6% of the total. Sense of intimacy Average price per gram MDMA-powder: 2.1 Overheating Brain damage Cutting agents Caffeine Amphetamine mcpp PMMA Average price per ecstasy pill: 4.1 1% MDMA % % ecstasy % Trends in price for ecstasy/mdma. 32 % 212 < 1 mgs mgs > 1 mgs 8% of the samples handed in at DIMS contain over 1 mgs of MDMA, the strongest pill in contained 266 mgs MDMA Average dosage of MDMA in ecstasy-pills (in mgs).

3 Often cut with medicines Paranoia Damage smoking: lungs injecting: abscess snorting:nasal mucosa Dependency Cardiovascular problems Cutting agents Levamisole Caffeine Phenacetine Cocaine in In terms of number of submitted samples, cocaine is in second place with a share of 13%. Average price per gram of cocaine 6 Confident feeling % 7% % 2% levamisole With high dose and regular use: impairment of the immune system Fever and flu-like symptoms, skin eruptions Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting Headache, confusion, dizziness 7% 6% % 4% % % 1% % samples: without levamisol % with levamisol The average percentage of cocaine in cocaine samples varies throughout the years, but increased the last years. In, a cocaine powder contained on average 67% of cocaine. Cocaine is often cut with levamisole, an anthelmintic for animals. In it was added to 8% of the cocaine samples, a steep decrease compared to previous years. Speed in Nine percent of all submitted samples is speed. Overheating Brain damage Paranoia Heavy physical strain % 4% 3% 2% 1% % Average price per gram of speed The average percentage of amphetamine in speed varies from year to year. In, this average was 44% Cutting agent Caffeine Delays fatigueness Inhibits appetite

4 4-FA (4-fluoroamphetamine) in 4-FA (also known as 4-fluoroamphetamine of 4-FMP) currently forms 83% of all samples of NPS that are handed in at DIMS of 4-FA Euphoria Talkative Delays fatigue powders 7.2 capsules pills 4.2 Nausea, vomiting Headache, confusion, dizziness Palpitations Trends in price for 4-fluoroamphetamine. 4 fluids.6 Ketamine in powders 7% 37 capsules 72% Of all samples that are handed in to DIMS, three percent consists of ketamine. 428 pills 14,3 mgs Average price per gram powder: FA is commonly handed in as a powder, but also as a pill or capsule and seldom as fluid. (In italic, average purity or dosage, and price per pill/capsule/powder) Bad trip Nausea, vomiting Respiratory disorders Muscle stiffening or paralysis NPS in 73% ketamine 1, Mind altering Out-of-body experience Purity 74% in 1, At DIMS more often New Psychoactive Substances (also called 'research chemicals') are handed in. This mainly involves 4-FA. 16% other 3% 7% nothing 1% methoxe- lidocaine tamine Ketamine samples often contain other substances. 1 Trends in price for ketamine.

5 2C-B in 2C-B (4-bromo-2,-dimethoxyphenethylamine) is commonly handed in as a pill but sometimes as a powder as well. The effects strongly depend on the dose taken. 97% of the pills handed in as 2C-B contained 2C-B. Average dosage pills 12 mgs in Average price per pill: Bad trip stronger than expected/overdose At low dose: euphoria, increased energy At high dose: hallucinogenic 2 1 Trends in price for 2C-B-pills. LSD in Two percent of the submitted samples consists of LSD. In less than a quarter of the submitted LSD samples, substances other than LSD were detected. Hallucinogenic Average price per blotter:.6 6 Bad trip Nausea Flash backs 77% LSD Average dosage 62 µg in Trends in price for LSD. % 7% other 4% 7% NBOMe nothing DOC In, in 77% of samples sold as LSD, this substance was actually detected.

6 A publication of DIMS The Drugs Information and Monitoring System is a national network of testing facilities that aims at gaining an insight into the market of controlled substances. Stichting Mainline VNN Indigo Haaglanden Tactus Brijder Commissioned by the Ministry of Health (VWS) and local authorities Vincent van Gogh GGD Amsterdam DIMS office Embedded in Trimbos-instituut Jellinek Mondriaan Novadic- Kentron IrisZorg Product number: INF24 Text: Daan van der Gouwe and Sander Rigter Design: Rikkers Infographics 217, Trimbos-instituut, Utrecht All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced and / or published in any form or by any means without prior permission from the Trimbos Institute. More information: dims@trimbos.nl