Friday, December 12, Substance Abuse Training

Transcription

1 Substance Abuse Training

2 Percentage of 8 th 12 th graders who used elicit drugs or cigarettes

3 Objectives Ability to identify drug classes Ability to identify signs of abuse Ability to identify symptoms of specific drugs Tips on how to keep your child drug free

4 Symptoms of Drug and Alcohol Use Different drugs cause different reactions and visible symptoms in the person using them. You can narrow down the identification of the substance being used if you are familiar with the symptoms associated with that particular substance.

5 Drugs of Abuse Categories Depressants (Alcohol, Benzodiazepines Xanax & Valium, etc ) Stimulants (Cocaine/Crack Cocaine, Methamphetamine, MDMA ecstasy, etc ) Narcotics (Heroin, Morphine, Prescription Pain Relievers) Inhalants (Aerosol Sprays, Glue, etc ) Cannabis (Marijuana & Hashish) Anabolic Steroids (Depo-Testosterone, Anadrol, etc ) Hallucinogens (LSD, Mescaline/Peyote, Psilocybin (mushroom) Phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust) Tobacco (Cigarettes)

6 Alcohol Myths Alcohol is alcohol, whether it be a beer or a shot of vodka. Adults should not assume their youth are "ok" if they are drinking a few beers just because it is not "hard liquor. Street names for alcohol: Booze Juice Brew

7 Peer Pressure

8 Alcohol Abuse Physical Effects: Sweating Poor coordination Slurred Speech Smell of alcohol on clothing Strange mood Falsified identification Bottles saved as souvenirs Signs the youth has thrown up Hangover Excessive thirst in the morning

9 Cocaine and/or Crack Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant that directly affects the brain. Crack is the street name given to a freebase form of cocaine that has been processed from the powdered cocaine form to a smokable substance. Cocaine can be used in the following ways: Orally ingested Sniffed Injected Smoked (crack or freebase)

10 Cocaine and/or Crack Street names for cocaine: Blow C Charlie Coke Flake

11 Cocaine

12 Crack Cocaine

13 Visual Symptoms of Cocaine/ Crack Cocaine Use: Dilated (large) pupils Hyper-alertness Panic and/or heightened anxiety response Restlessness Paranoia (high doses) Extremely talkative; fast speech

14 Visual Symptoms of Cocaine/ Crack Cocaine Use: Runny or bloody nose White powder seen on face or clothes Small spoon-like items used for snorting Mirrors and razor blades Rolled money bills used for snorting Small plastic packets with white residue

15 Methamphetamines Methamphetamine is a powerful central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that affects dopamine, one of the essential neurotransmitters in the brain that affect mood. It can cause long-term damage to the brain's ability to produce dopamine, and therefore users often feel extremely depressed and can not experience normal feelings of happiness and contentment long after they stop using.

16 Methamphetamines For this reason it has one of the highest relapse rates for addicts and is considered extremely resistant to treatment. This is a highly addictive drug sold as: pills, capsules, or powder and it can be ingested, injected, snorted, or smoked. Many abusers use it for its appetite-suppressing effects. Street names: Meth Eye-Opener Ice

17 Euphoric "high" state (excessively happy) Paranoia Decreased appetite/weight loss Increased physical activity Anxiety, shaking hands, nervousness Incessant talking Convulsions at high doses Chest pain, elevated blood pressure Dilated pupils Dry or itchy skin Acne Sweating not related to physical activity

18 Ecstasy (MDMA) - Club Drugs Ecstasy is an orally ingested Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. It has stimulating and hallucinogenic effects. Commonly found at raves and clubs, ecstasy is considered one of the "Club Drugs."

19 Ecstasy (MDMA) - Club Drugs Because these drugs are tasteless and odorless, they can be secretly dropped into an unsuspecting person's drink. Warn your teens to keep an eye on their beverage while at parties such to avoid this trick. Girls have been particularly preyed upon in this manner and have become victims of sexual assaults.

20 Ecstasy Street Slang There are many street names for this drug, common ones include: E XTC X Adam Hug Beans Clarity Lover's speed Love drug

21 The Many Faces of E

22 Physical Effects of Ecstasy Abuse: Hyper-Alertness Sweating Dry mouth (thirsty) Increased heart rate Fatigue Jaw-clenching Hyperthermia (cold when they shouldn't be) Agitation Increased emotional responses (more empathetic than they normally would be)

23 Heroin Heroin is a highly addictive drug; it is an American epidemic. Recent studies suggest a shift from injecting heroin to snorting or smoking because of increased purity and the misconception that these forms of use will not lead to addiction. Street names for heroin: Black Tar Horse Junk Scag

24 Heroin Use

25 Visual Symptoms of Heroin Use: Dry mouth Droopy appearance, as if extremities are "heavy Alternately wakeful and drowsy Disorientation, poor mental functioning Signs of injection; infections Shallow breathing

26 Prescription Drugs (psychotherapeutic drugs) Psychotherapeutic drugs do have a legitimate use when prescribed by a licensed medical doctor or APN. Many of these prescription drugs, however, become drugs of abuse and are traded by adolescents. Teens who have been prescribed these types of medications may abuse them or trade them for the drugs prescribed to their peers.

27 Prescription Drugs

28 Visual Symptoms of Pill Use: Prescription drug bottles (prescribed to someone else or label torn off) Weight loss ("diet" pills) Agitated or anxious Sleepy or "out of it" (Xanax, Valium) Pills missing for your medicine cabinet Unidentified pills found in child's belongings

29 Prescription Drugs Prescription drugs abused by teens: Stimulants (Ritalin, Concerta, & Adderall) are often used as a study aids Fen-Phen (usually obtained on the internet in countries where it is not yet banned, such as Mexico) Depressants (Ativan, Ambien, Klonopin, Xanax, & Valium) Narcotics (OxyCotin, Percocet, Vicodin)

30 Inhalants What makes inhalants a particular problem is the fact that they are readily available in your home: Aerosols, paint thinners, glues, and other household chemical are all substances used to "get high." The user sprays the substance into a paper bag or pours it onto a piece of cloth, then breath in the chemical.

31 Inhalants The tragic thing is that these readily available substances are often the most deadly. Users can suffocate, have a stroke, choke to death, and damage their lung, livers, kidney, and other organs. Street names for Inhalants: Blue bottle Laughing gas Poppers Liquid Incense

32 House Hold Inhalants

33 Visual Symptoms of Inhalant Use: Strong chemical odor (in room, on clothing, on breath) Chemicals missing in the home or going down too quickly Extremely drowsy appearance, possibly fainting Paper bags or rags used to sniff the chemicals Strange aerosolized or other chemicals hidden in child's room or in school locker Discarded containers of whipped cream or spray paint Unusually large supply of white out or other office chemicals that have a strong odor

34 Marijuana Marijuana is usually smoked using cigarette rolling papers, Philly Blunts, a purchased water bong, or a makeshift bong that can be made from a variety of items. Hash can be smoked, eaten, and cooked into baked goods. Street names for marijuana: Grass Pot Weed, Mary Jane Indo Hydro

35 Marijuana

36 Physical Effects of Marijuana Abuse Dilated (large) pupils Cigarette rolling papers Seeds that have been cleaned from marijuana Smell on clothing, in room, or in car Bloodshot eyes Sleepy appearance Reduced motivation Pipes, bongs, and other homemade smoking devices Increase in appetite (munchies) Excessive laughing

37 Steroids (Anabolic steroids) These types of drugs are often injected but can be taken orally as well. Adolescents most at risk for steroid abuse are athletes. Street names for steroids: Arnold Roids Gym Candy

38 Visual Symptoms of Steroid Use: Rapid muscle gain Mood swings Change in appetite Heightened aggressiveness Unusually fast recovery from sports injury

39 Hallucinogens Hallucinogens are a chemically diverse group of drugs that cause changes in a person's thought processes, perceptions of the physical world, and sense of time passing. Hallucinogens can be found naturally in some plants, and can be synthesized in the laboratory. Hallucinogens are also called psychedelic drugs. Different types of Hallucinogens are: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Mescaline/Peyote (Small cactus plant) Psilocybin (mushrooms) Phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust)

40 Visual Symptoms of Hallucinogen Use: Extremely dilated pupils Warm skin, excessive perspiration and body odor Distorted sense of sight, hearing, touch; distorted image of self and time perception Mood and behavior changes, the extent depending on the emotional state of the user and environmental conditions Unpredictable flashback episodes even long after withdrawal (although these are rare)

41 Cigarettes One of the most heavily used addictive drugs in the U.S. is cigarettes. One of the major problems with smoking and chewing tobacco has to do with the chemical nicotine. The nicotine in tobacco can be as addictive as cocaine or heroin. The tar in cigarettes increases a smoker's risk of lung cancer, emphysema, and bronchial disorders. Secondhand smoke causes lung cancer in adults and greatly increases the risk of respiratory illnesses in children. Parents who smoke are twice as likely to have children who smoke ( Numerous studies indicate that young smokers are more likely to experiment with marijuana, cocaine, heroin, or other illicit drugs.

42 Signs of tobacco use coughing throat irritation hoarseness bad breath decreased athletic performance greater susceptibility to colds stained teeth and clothing (also signs of chewing tobacco use) shortness of breath

43 Signs and Symptoms of Teen Drug Use Changes in friends Negative changes in schoolwork, missing school, or declining grades Increased secrecy about possessions or activities Use of incense, room deodorant, or perfume to hide smoke or chemical odors Subtle changes in conversations with friends, e.g. more secretive, using coded language Change in clothing choices: new fascination with clothes that highlight drug use (i.e. Bob Marley T- Shirts)

44 Signs and Symptoms of Teen Drug Use Increase in borrowing money Evidence of drug paraphernalia such as pipes, rolling papers, etc. Evidence of use of inhalant products (such as hairspray, nail polish, correction fluid, common household products); Rags and paper bags are sometimes used as accessories Bottles of eye drops, which may be used to mask bloodshot eyes or dilated pupils New use of mouthwash or breath mints to cover up the smell of alcohol Missing prescription drugs especially narcotics and mood stabilizers

45 How to Recognize the Signs of Step 1 Observe the appearance and personal hygiene of your teen. Consider whether it has changed. Drug abusers often stop caring about their appearance and personal hygiene. Step 2 Monitor school grades of your teen. Drug abusers lose the ability to focus and their grades begin to drop. Step 3 Question unexplained weight loss in your teen. Drug abusers often experience weight loss. Determine if your child has been ill or recently began a new physical activity or diet. If not, weight loss is certainly a cause for concern.

46 How to Recognize the Signs of Teen Drug Use Step 4 Discover who your teen is friends with. Drug abusers often change friends because their old friends don't understand or approve of their drug use. Step 5 Examine the spending habits of your teen. Ask yourself if your teen suddenly needs extra money for lunch, school activities and such. Drug abusers can never get enough and need more and more money to support their habit. Step 6 Scrutinize any sneaky, deceptive behavior of your teen, like lying about where he/she is going and who he/she is with. Drug abusers know that drug use is unacceptable, especially to parents so they try to hide any and all evidence.

47 The End