LYMPHATIC ANATOMY LAB. BIO 139 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II MARY CATHERINE FLATH, Ph.D.

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1 LYMPHATIC ANATOMY LAB BIO 139 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II MARY CATHERINE FLATH, Ph.D.

2 THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ORGANS PRIMARY BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPH NODES SPLEEN FUNCTIONS CONTROL DISEASE TRANSPORT DIETARY FAT TRANSPORT EXCESS TISSUE FLUID BACK TO BLOODSTREAM

3 LYMPHATIC PATHWAYS LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES lead to AFFERENT LYMPHATIC VESSELS which lead to LYMPH NODES which are drained by EFFERENT LYMPHATIC VESSELS which lead to LYMPHATIC TRUNKS which lead to one of two COLLECTING DUCTS which empty lymph into of two SUBCLAVIAN VEINs

4 Figure 20.1: Distribution and special structural features of lymphatic capillaries. Venous system Heart Arterial system Venule Loose connective tissue around capillaries Arteriole Lymph duct Lymph trunk Lymph node Lymphatic system Lymphatic collecting vessels, with valves Lymphatic capillary Tissue cell (a) Blood capillaries Tissue fluid Lymphatic capillary Blood capillaries Filaments anchored to connective tissue Endothelial cell Flaplike minivalve Fibroblast in loose connective tissue (b) Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

5 Lymphatic Pathways 16-3

6 Lymphatic Pathways 16-4

7 Lymphatic Vessels

8

9 Lymphatic Trunks

10 Collecting Ducts: Thoracic Duct (Left Lymphatic Duct) and Right Lymphatic Duct

11 Regional lymph nodes: Cervical nodes Axillary nodes Entrance of right lymphatic duct into right subclavian vein Internal jugular vein Entrance of thoracic duct into left subclavian vein Thoracic duct Aorta Cisterna chyli Lymphatic collecting vessels Inguinal nodes (a) Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

12 Lymphatic Pathways 16-3

13 Figure 20.2b: The lymphatic system, EMPTIES INTO THE SUBCLAVIAN VEINS Right jugular trunk Right lymphatic duct Right subclavian trunk Right subclavian vein Right bronchomediastinal trunk Brachiocephalic veins Superior vena cava Azygos vein Cisterna chyli Right lumbar trunk Left jugular trunk Internal jugular veins Left subclavian trunk Left subclavian vein Left bronchomediastinal trunk Entrance of thoracic duct into left subclavian vein Esophagus Trachea Ribs Thoracic duct Hemiazygos vein Left lumbar trunk (b) Inferior vena cava Intestinal trunk Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

14 Lymph Movement Lymph movement is similar to venous blood movement It is aided by: action of skeletal muscles respiratory movements valves in lymphatic vessels 16-10

15 LYMPHATIC TISSUES DIFFUSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN SUBMUCOSA OF INTESTINE LYMPHATIC NODULES TONSILS NODULE IN INTESTINAL WALL PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS LYMPH NODES SPLEEN

16 Figure 20.5: Lymphoid organs, p Tonsils (in pharyngeal region) Thymus (in thorax; most active during youth) Spleen (curves around left side of stomach) Peyer s patches (in intestine) Appendix Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

17 Fig. 17.3b Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Epithelium Lacteal Villi Mucosa Lymph nodule Intestinal gland Mucous gland in submucosa Nerve plexuses Serosa Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle Muscular layer

18 LYMPHATIC TISSUES DIFFUSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN SUBMUCOSA OF INTESTINE LYMPHATIC NODULES TONSILS NODULE IN INTESTINAL WALL PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS LYMPH NODES SPLEEN

19 RED BONE MARROW 1 o Lymphatic Organ CANCELLOUS BONE RED BONE MARROW Copyright 2011 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

20 LYMPHATIC TISSUES DIFFUSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN SUBMUCOSA OF INTESTINE LYMPHATIC NODULES TONSILS NODULE IN INTESTINAL WALL PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS LYMPH NODES SPLEEN

21 Thymus soft, bi-lobed organ in mediastinum decreases in size in adults site of T lymphocyte production (immunity) secretes thymosin (endocrine function) 16-14

22 Male Infant Model thymus

23 LYMPHATIC TISSUES DIFFUSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN SUBMUCOSA OF INTESTINE LYMPHATIC NODULES TONSILS NODULE IN INTESTINAL WALL PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS LYMPH NODES SPLEEN

24 LYMPH NODE STRUCTURE LOCATED ALONG LYMPHATIC PATHWAYS CONTAIN LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES BEAN SHAPED AFFERENT LYMPHATIC VESSEL IN ON CONVEX SIDE EFFERENT VESSEL LEAVES ON CONCAVE SURFACE (HILUM) ENCLOSED BY DENSE CT CAPSULE THAT EXTENDS IN AND DIVIDES NODE INTO NODULES CORTEX: LYMPHATIC NODULES (FOLLICLES) B CELLS AND MACROPHAGES MEDULLA: MEDULALLRY CORDS T CELLS, MACROPHAGES, PLASMA CELLS

25 Figure 20.4: Lymph node, p Afferent lymphatic vessels Cortex: Lymphoid follicle Germinal center Subcapsular sinus (a) Capsule Efferent lymphatic vessels Follicles Trabecula Subcapsular sinus Hilum Medulla: Capsule Medullary cord Medullary sinus Medullary cords Medullary Trabeculae sinuses (b) Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

26 LYMPH NODE SLIDE: Filled with Lymphocytes

27 Lymph Node Locations

28 Figure 20.3: Reticular tissue in a human lymph node, p Macrophage Reticular cells on reticular fibers Lymphocytes Medullary sinus Reticular fiber Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

29 LYMPHATIC TISSUES DIFFUSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN SUBMUCOSA OF INTESTINE LYMPHATIC NODULES TONSILS NODULE IN INTESTINAL WALL PRIMARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS BONE MARROW THYMUS SECONDARY LYMPHATIC ORGANS LYMPH NODES SPLEEN

30 Spleen upper left quadrant behind stomach sinuses filled with blood white pulp (lymphocytes) red pulp (red blood cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Function: removal and destruction (filtration) of debris and worn cells from blood 16-15

31 Figure 20.6: The spleen, p Splenic artery Splenic vein (a) Hilum Arterioles and capillaries Capsule Trabecula Splenic cords Venous sinuses Red pulp White pulp Central artery Diaphragm Spleen Adrenal gland Left kidney Splenic artery Pancreas (c) (b) Splenic artery (d) Splenic vein Capsule White pulp Red pulp Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

32 Spleen spleen pancreas

33 Spleen

34

35 Practice Quiz

36 NAME THE TISSUE Copyright 2011 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

37 RED BONE MARROW 1 o Lymphatic Organ RED BONE MARROW Copyright 2011 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

38 Name the organ and the cells that primarily function in this organ.

39 LYMPH NODE with (Lymphocytes) and Macrophages

40 Name the vessels

41

42 Name the organ pancreas

43 Spleen spleen pancreas

44 Name the organ

45 Male Infant Model thymus

46 Name the Structure 16-10

47 Name the Structure valve in lymphatic vessel 16-10

48 Name the organ

49 Spleen

50 Name the Collecting Duct.

51 Collecting Ducts: Thoracic Duct (Left Lymphatic Duct) and Right Lymphatic Duct

52 Name the Lymphatic Trunk

53 Lymphatic Trunks

54 Name the lymph node location

55 Lymph Node Locations

56 Lymphatic Pathways 16-3

57 Lymphatic Pathways 16-3

58

59 Figure 20.2b: The lymphatic system, EMPTIES INTO THE SUBCLAVIAN VEINS Right jugular trunk Right lymphatic duct Right subclavian trunk Right subclavian vein Right bronchomediastinal trunk Brachiocephalic veins Superior vena cava Azygos vein Cisterna chyli Right lumbar trunk Left jugular trunk Internal jugular veins Left subclavian trunk Left subclavian vein Left bronchomediastinal trunk Entrance of thoracic duct into left subclavian vein Esophagus Trachea Ribs Thoracic duct Hemiazygos vein Left lumbar trunk (b) Inferior vena cava Intestinal trunk Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

60 Fig. 17.3b Epithelium NAME THE STRUCTURE Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Lacteal Villi Mucosa Lymph nodule Intestinal gland Mucous gland in submucosa Nerve plexuses Serosa Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle Muscular layer

61 Fig. 17.3b Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Epithelium Lacteal Villi Mucosa Lymph nodule Intestinal gland Mucous gland in submucosa Nerve plexuses Serosa Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle Muscular layer

62 LM, SEM, OR TEM?. Macrophage Reticular cells on reticular fibers Lymphocytes Medullary sinus Reticular fiber Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

63 SEM Macrophage Reticular cells on reticular fibers Lymphocytes Medullary sinus Reticular fiber Human Anatomy and Physiology, 7e by Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

64 GOOD LUCK STUDYING!!