Globalization and International Business

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1 Globalization and International Business

2 Team Sara Yiu Evan Lin Cath Ho Eunice Chow Charles Lui Kathy Law

3 Table of Contents: Introduction What is One Belt, One Road initiative Marco Environment: PESTEL Analysis SWOT Analysis Conclusion Reference Q&A Session

4 Abstract: The entire report has focused over the economic importance of One Belt, One Road concept, which has been initiated by China President Xi Jinping for enhancing its economic growth. Focusing on: How religion and culture are influencing the international trading relationship between Chinese and Islamic people, while dealing in Muslim halal food industry. Highlight the impact of culture and religion over the activities performed in the international trading system.

Introduction - What is the One Belt, One Road initiative?

path: Silk Road Economic Belt and 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road, An

European and African continents and their adjacent areas, Promote

5 Introduction - What is the One Belt, One Road initiative? This idea of was first revealed by President Xi Jinping in 2013, Two path: Silk Road Economic Belt and 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road, An important economic driver for promoting the connectivity of the Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent areas, Promote trade and investment flows as well as people to people exchanges between these regions.

6 Marco-Environmental PESTLE - Analysis P - Political Issues E - Economical Issues S - Social Issues T - Technological Issues E - Environmental Issues L - Legal Issues

Political Issues: Against US driven trade agreements :

political leverage by preventing any individual country

7 Political Issues: Against US driven trade agreements : (a) Trans Pacific Partnership (TTP), (b) Transatlantic Trade & Investment Partnership (TTIP). Agreements between 12 Pacific Rim countries and European Union except China. China is expanding to the west and enhance China s political leverage by preventing any individual country from threatening to disrupt China s economic lifelines Developed a more flexible policy for GCC countries Islamic Culture exception

Economic Issues: As of Sep 2015, over 1.

8 Economic Issues: As of Sep 2015, over 1.8 billion of the world population are Muslims More than 3.2 trillion USD transaction per year Cover 27 member countries of Islamic Conference; covering 63% of global population through One Belt, One Road China occupies less than 1% of global proportion Through One Belt, One Road strategy, accelerating the step of international Halal trade development in China

Social Issues: Muslims believe that through Pray

deeds Only accept edible desirable Quran" foods,

slaughtered in accordance Halal food is of

world Halal Food Certificate It assures safety

9 Social Issues: Muslims believe that through Pray Dietary Control can guide people to perform good deeds Only accept edible desirable Quran" foods, animals destined to be sold as halal meat must slaughtered in accordance Halal food is of fundamental significance to Muslims around the world Halal Food Certificate It assures safety and security in their dietary requirements and consumption

10 Social Issues cont: (Culture to consume food bind to Islamic law) Animal may only slaughter by special guide that the process require to quick, not cruel and induce minimal pain to the animal. Whole process include storage, transportation and may not be in contact with any non-halal food. In major geographical clusters with large Muslims population in China at 32 millions in 2015 Certification authorities, leading the Muslim religion as the main driver of the global expansion

In order to improve the technology for handling of Halal food, the China Food

11 Technology Issues: With the name of world factory, China have the sufficient resources to provide high efficient production line for Halal Food. In order to improve the technology for handling of Halal food, the China Food Cooperation has started to learn from JAKIM of Malaysia since 1982 to launch the certification of Halal Food.

12 Environmental Issues: Drive the GSC (Green Supply Chain) Implementation in halal food production for environment benefits Decrease the Carbon footprint in green supply chain The infrastructure in OBOR program shorter the transport distance The marine transport is mainly applied in the program Many consumers prefer to buy green products in the market.

Legal Issues: To avoid the potential legal risk due to different legal system of each separate jurisdiction, Supreme People s Court issued Opinions on People s Court s Provision of Judicial Service

13 Legal Issues: To avoid the potential legal risk due to different legal system of each separate jurisdiction, Supreme People s Court issued Opinions on People s Court s Provision of Judicial Service and Protection for One Belt, One Road. People s Court should apply for international regulations and practices in conformity with legal provision, clarify and try out foreign law, and enhance international credibility of judges. Improving to safeguard foreign investors

14 SWOT Analysis

15 Strength Enhance the overall economic growth of the region wide business development Companies will be benefited with this project and create an effective cross border supply chain management Helpful in promoting business development

Weakness Influence the credit risk of companies which operating in China Made a large impact over company s economic structure when it comes to international basis and lead to complete failure of the

16 Weakness Influence the credit risk of companies which operating in China Made a large impact over company s economic structure when it comes to international basis and lead to complete failure of the business process Several potentially political risks; trade risk, infrastructure related risk factor and civil disorder The inter-connectivity related risks are highly affecting over the development of the companies economic condition

17 Opportunities Improve the transportation process within the region Increase the business trade opportunities network It is significant vital for China expansion to the west

Threat It is very challenging and increasingly difficult in Muslims to ensure halal status of food in the market Halal is not just end-product certification but

18 Threat It is very challenging and increasingly difficult in Muslims to ensure halal status of food in the market Halal is not just end-product certification but involves approval of all ingredients and all food processing at every stage of production from farm to table. Limited analytical methods available for halal food verification

19 Conclusion: Does religion or culture matter when the Chinese deal with the Islamic companies along One Belt, One Road? Religion moderates social interactions: Halal is not only following the law; it is a way of life. The important of cleanliness is vital in the spiritual sense; food and drink products must be approved before consumption Difficult challenges ahead: Halal compliance by suppliers, packing and labeling, and distrust about fraudulent suppliers.

20 Reference 1. Awan, M., Nabeel, A. & Haider, Z., Factors affecting Halal purchase intention evidence from Pakistan s Halal food sector. Management Research Review, 38(6), pp Ayyub, R. M., An empirical investigation of ethnic food consumption: A perspective of majority ethnic group. British Food Journal, 117(4), pp Ayyub, R. M., Exploring perceptions of non-muslims towards Halal foods in UK. British Food Journal, 117(9), pp Chamhuri, N. & Batt, J. P., Consumer perceptions of food quality in Malaysia. British Food Journal, 117(3), pp Chen, L., China s halal food exporters struggle with ideological, trade barriers. [Online] Available at: [Accessed ]. 6. Chin, H., Lau, F., He, W. & Cheung, T., The Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, Hong Kong: Fung Business Intelligence Centre. 7. Dubai The Capital of Islamic Economy, State of the Global Islamic Economy Report, Dubai: Thomson Reuters.

21 Reference 8. HKTDC Research, The Belt and Road Initiative: Country Profiles. [Online] Available at: Initiative-Country-Profiles/obor/en/1/1X000000/1X0A36I0.htm [Accessed ]. 9. Jafari, A., Journal of Islamic Marketing. Islamic marketing: insights from a critical perspective, 3(1), pp Jaques, T., Cadbury and pig DNA: when issue management intersects with religion. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 20(4), pp Mahomedy, A. C., Islamic economics: still in search of an identity. International Journal of Social Economics, 40(6), pp Rios, E. R., Riqueime, E. H. & Abdelaziz, Y., Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics. Do halal certification country of origin and brand name familiarity matter?, 26(5), pp Syazwan, M. et al., Motivations and limitations in implementing Halal food certification: a Pareto analysis. British Food Journal, 117(11), pp Zailani, S., Kanapathy, K., Iranmanesh, M. & Tieman, M., Drivers of halal orientation strategy among halal food firms. British Food Journal, 117(8), pp

New Zealand Government Oversight of Halal Certification of Animal Products Exported from New Zealand Auckland University Asia Dialogue July 2012

New Zealand Government Oversight of Halal Certification of Animal Products Exported from New Zealand Auckland University Asia Dialogue July 2012 Kathy Lloyd Market Access Counsellor www.mpi.govt.nz New