Blood Borne Viruses (BBV) & What You Need To Know P R E S E N T E D B Y Dee Smith
WHAT YOU LL LEARN What are the 3 BBVs? S&S of each of the BBVs Transmission of BBVs What infection prevention & control precautions apply?
WHAT IS A BLOOD BORNE VIRUS (BBV)? A virus that resides in blood & body fluids HIV HBV HCV
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ( HIV ) HIV weakens the immune system ~ 25,313 people living with HIV in Australia No Cure Treatment - Antiviral Medication - 92% of people accessing ARV treatment were estimated to have an undetectable viral load! AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome very few cases in Australia
SYMPTOMS OF HIV May include: white spots or unusual marks in flu-like symptoms extreme and constant tiredness fevers, chills and night sweats rapid weight loss for no known reason swollen lymph glands in the neck, underarm or groin area the mouth skin marks or bumps, either raised or flat, usually painless and purplish continuous coughing or a dry cough diarrhoea decreased appetite.
HOW IS HIV SPREAD? PERSON-TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION BY: Blood & Body Fluid Transmission Unprotected sex Sharing needles Mother to child http://mrsatopic.com/2011/01/the-nose-ground-zero-for-mrsacolonization
HEPATITIS B VIRUS ( HBV ) TE. Most common liver infection, no cure 240 million people worldwide 213,300 in Australia Acute for 6mths Chronic- life long after 6mths Best prevention Hep B Vaccination
SYMPTOMS OF HBV Acute HBV may include: Loss of appetite Nausea & vomiting Tiredness Abdo pain Muscle / joint pain Jaundice Chronic HBV may include: Tiredness Depression, irritability Nausea & vomiting Liver pain Loss of appetite Joint aches &pain
HOW IS HBV SPREAD? PERSON-TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION BY: Blood & Body Fluid Transmission Unprotected sex Sharing needles Sharing personal items Mother to child
HEPATITIS C VIRUS ( HCV ) RNA virus 6 genotypes 130-150 million people worldwide 230,470 in Australia Acute for 6mths Chronic- More than 6mths Many unaware they have been infected Treatment options available
SYMPTOMS OF HCV Acute HCV may include: Flu like illness Dark urine Jaundice Chronic HCV may include: Tiredness Loss of appetite Nausea & vomiting Liver pain / pain under ribs Fever Joint pain or swelling Skin rash
HOW IS HCV SPREAD? Blood & Blood Transmission Sharing needles unsterile tattooing or body piercing procedures unsterile medical procedures or vaccinations (particularly in countries with high rates of hepatitis C) needle-stick injuries and accidental exposure to infected blood or blood products exposure to blood in the home some other form of blood-to-blood contact. http://mrsatopic.com/2011/01/the-nose-ground-zero-for-mrsacolonization
HIV, HBV, HCV is NOT spread by contaminated food or water, & cannot be spread through casual or social contact such as kissing, sneezing or coughing, hugging, OR eating food prepared by a person with a BBV
Are you vaccinated for Hepatitis B? Do you know if you are immune?
MANAGEMENT OF BBV STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS? 1. Hand hygiene 2. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) 3. Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette 4. Handling and disposal of sharps 5. Reprocessing of instruments & equipment 6. Routine environmental cleaning 7. Aseptic technique 8. Waste management 9. Appropriate handling of linen
BLOOD/BODY FLUID EXPOSURE? DO YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO? Wash the wound with soap and water. If soap and water aren t available, use alcohol-based hand rubs or solutions. If splash to eyes/mouth wash with n/saline or copious amounts of water Notify your Team Leader / Manager Seek medical advice
RESOURCES TE. www.hivmediaguide.org.au www.hepatitisaustralia.com/hepatitis-b-facts/about-hep-b www.hepatitisaustralia.com/hepatitis-c-facts/transmission www.getthefacts.health.wa.gov.au/blood-safe/bbvs/hepatitis-c www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/hepatitis-c www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/needlestick-injury
Blood Borne Viruses (BBV) & What You Need To Know P R E S E N T E D B Y Dee Smith