Nozzi Vlentin, Grer ndres, Mthis lex, Schmutz Zl, Junge Rnk Interntionl conference quponics reserch mttes Ljuljn, 22-24 Mrch 216
Some nutrients from the quculture effluents re present in insufficient quntities for plnts development In some cses nutrients ought e supplemented to the quponic system to ensure optiml performnce of the plnts However, the ddition of fertilizers increses the mngeril nd economic effort Investigte the role of nutrients in order to optimize cost nd mngement in the quponics production Zurich University of pplied Sciences / Life Sciences nd Fcility Mngement (Zurich, H) Introduction
quponics (3 systems): Fish tnk rum filter iofilter solids thickening unit Hydroponic unit (3 tles, 1.2 m x 2 m ech) Totl wter volume of ech system: 4,4 L. Sump Hydroponic unit HYROPONIS Hydroponics (1 reference): Hydroponic unit (3 tles, 1.2 m x 2 m ech) Two sump (63L) QUPONIS Mteril & method
72 mushroom hers (Rungi klossii) 72 mints (Menth piperit HOOLTE vriety) 36 Lettuces (Lctuc stiv YHT vriety (Slnov )) 5 Nile tilpi (Oreochromis niloticus) Mteril & method
- quponic quponic quponic Hydroponic Nutrients derived solely from FISH FEE, no supplementtion Fish feed Micronutrient (Zn,, Mg, Mo, u, Fe) Iron Fish feed Micronutrient (Zn,, Mg, Mo, u, Fe) Iron Mcronutrients (P, K) HYROPONI SOLUTION: Micronutrient (Zn,, Mg, Mo, u, Fe) Iron Mcronutrient (P, K) Nitrogen (NO 3, NH 4 ) Nutrients, cost nd mngement effort Mteril & method
The experimenttion ended when plnts reched the commercil size, 4 weeks fter the eginning Mteril & method
Totl iomss Fresh shoot weight Fresh root weight Root/shoot rtio hlorophyll content (hl) Epiderml UV-sornce (Flv) Flvonols (Flv) Nitrte content Orgnic Mtter HN- elementl nlysis Finl iomss Specific growth rte feed conversion rtios NO 3 -N TN PO 4 -P K Fe Mg dh t ph E O 2 Mteril & method
m m 1 5 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 12 1 8 6 4 NO 3 -N 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 12 1 8 6 TN 4 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 4 3 2 1 Fe 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 6 5 4 3 2 1 Mg 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 4 3 2 1 PO 4 -P 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 2 15 1 5 K 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 15 125 1 75 5 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys mg/l 4 3 2 1 dh 8 11 14 17 2 23 26 dys Fe Mg g/l 4 3 2 g/l 6 5 4 3 Results
te / urtion Prmeters Tnk Tnk Tnk Numer of fish 5 5 5 4.5.215 3.6.215 57 dys Totl weight (kg) 12.4 1.8 11.3 verge weight per fish (kg).25.22.23 Numer 49 5 5 Totl weight (kg) 24.1 21. 24.2 verge weight per fish (kg).49.42.48 Specific growth rte (%/d) 1.2 1.17 1.33 Feed conversion rtio (kg feed /kg fish iomss ) 1.25 1.49 1.16 Results
Lctuc stiv Menth piperit Rungi klossii Totl n. of plnts 36 36 36 36 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 n. of no-slele plnts 1 / / / 6 / / / / / / / n. of plnts hrvested 35 36 36 36 66 72 72 72 72 72 72 72 Totl iomss (fresh) kg 9.2 1.6 13.5 12.4 7.7 11.6 1.5 9.9 1.31 1.25.76.98 Shoot (fresh) kg 8. 9.8 12.3 11.3 5.7 9.5 9. 8.7.67.66.43.53 Roots (fresh) kg 1.2.8 1.2 1.1 2. 2.1 1.6 1.2.64.58.33.44 verge shoot weight g 222 272 341 314 79 132 124 12 9.3 9.2 6. 7.4 Production (shoot) kg/m 2 4. 4.9 6.1 5.7 3.1 4.8 4.5 4.3.34.33.21.27 Results
L. stiv L. stiv M. piperit M. piperit M. piperit R. klosii R. klosii ROOT/SHOOT RTIO R. klosii root:shoot rtio.25.2.15.1.5 root:shoot rtio.5.4....3.2.1 root:shoot rtio.5.4.3.2.1 root:shoot rtio.5.4.3.2.1 root:shoot rtio.. 1..8.6.4.2 root:shoot rtio c 1..8.6.4.2 c root:shoot rtio 1..8.6.4.2 c c c.. c Higher in system respect to others groups in the three plnt species Significntly higher in system respect to, in mushroom her. L. stiv L. stiv L. stiv M. piperit M. piperit M. piperit 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 mg/kg 2 1 2 1 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg 2 2 1 1 4 3 2 1 R. klosii R. klosii R. klosii 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 1 mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg 2 2 1 1 NITRTE IN LEVES In lettuce, nitrte content ws elow the threshold vlue (3 mg/kg) Mints nd mushroom plnt re not sujected to nitrte legisltion Results
HL - L. stiv 3 2 1 HL - M. piperit 4 3 2 1 FLV - L. stiv.5.4.3.2.1. FLV - M. piperit 2. 1.5 1..5 8 6 4 2 5 4 3 2 1 NI - L. stiv NI - M. piperit HLOROPHYLL N FLVONOLS (only in lettuce nd mint) Slds: hlorophyll levels were highest in System in respect to Systems nd Mints: Flvonol levels were significntly higher in System thn in systems, nd.. Results
L. stiv -shoot 5 M. piperit-shoot 15 R. klosii-shoot 15 RY MTTER ONTENT dry weight % dry weight % 4 3 2 1 L. stiv-roots 5 4 3 2 1 dry weight % dry weight % 1 5 M. piperit-roots 6 4 2 dry weight % dry weight % 1 5 R. klosii-roots 8 6 4 2 Lettuce nd mint: higher dry mtter content in system oth in shoots nd roots. Mushroom hers shoots: higher dry mtter content in system Mushroom hers roots: highest dry mtter content in system Results
/N /N 15 1 5 15 1 5 L. stiv -shoot- L. stiv -roots- c /N /N 15 1 5 15 1 5 M. piperit -roots- /N /N M. piperit -shoot- R. klosii 1 -shoot 8 8 6 4 2 6 4 2 R. klosii -roots RON TO NITROGEN RTIO In the non-fertilized system the /N content of the iomss ws higher s in systems, nd. Exception: mushroom her Results
THE SHORTGE OF MIRONUTRIENT INUE MOIFITION IN LETTUE GROWTH IN NON-FERTILIZE SYSTEM In non-fertilized System P nd Fe shortge llocte energy to increse roots Slow shoots growth nitrte content in the shoots root/shoot rtio nitrogen intke INVOLVE IN OSMOTI JUSTMENT WITH INVERSELY PROPORTIONL RELTIONSHIP ry Mtter content crohydrte production Lettuce, cultivted medium with micronutrient shortge, hd lowest growth. However, this ws ssocited with lower content of nitrtes; which implies etter nutritionl qulity of lettuce. /N rtio (modifiction in mcromolecules lloction) iscussion
PLNTS RESPONE TO IFFERENT NUTRIENT REGIMES ORING TO THEIR NUTRITIONL REQUIREMENT LETTUE > MINT > MUSHROOM HER The nutrient supplementtion improved the speed of growth in lettuce. Mints re susceptile to micronutrient limittion rther thn to mcronutrient deficiency. Mushroom hers seem to e inhiited y high nutrient concentrtion iscussion
HIGHER MNGEMENT N EONOMI EFFORT IS NOT LWYS RELTE TO N OPTIML PLNT GROWTH N QULITY In some cses the nutrient supplementtion cn result in productivity inhiition (mint nd mushroom her) The mngement effort is closely dependent on the plnt species cultivted IT IS PIVOTL TO KNOWN THE NUTRITIONL PLNTS REQUIREMENT IN ORER TO OPTIMIZE OSTS N USES OF FERTILIZERS IN QUPONIS onclusion
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