Challenges and Opportunities for Responding to HIV/AIDS in LDCs Mazuwa Banda Department of HIV/AIDS World Health Organization
Outline of Presentation Global HIV/AIDS epidemic HIV/AIDS and LDCs Challenges and opportunities Towards universal access
Global estimates for adults and children, 2005 People living with HIV New HIV infections in 2005 Deaths due to AIDS in 2005 38.6 million [33.4 46.0 million] 4.1 million [3.4 6.2 million] 2.8 million [2.4 3.3 million] Source: UNAIDS/WHO
HIV/AIDS in LDCs 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Adults and children 2005 Women (15+) 2005 Children (0 14) 2005 People living with HIV/ADS Deaths in adults and children 2005 Orphans (0 17) currently living 2005 LDCs Others Source: UNAIDS/WHO
HIV prevalence (%) among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics ics in sub-saharan Africa, 1997/98 2004 Sub-Saharan Africa 20 Tanzania Mozambique 15 Median HIV prevalence (%) 10 5 0 Ethiopia Burkina Faso Senegal 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Source: UNAIDS/WHO 2.6
HIV prevalence trends among pregnant women in major cities in Cambodia and Myanmar, 1990 2004 5.0 4.0 % HIV prevalence 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 Phnom Penh Mandalay and Yangon Sources: Cambodia National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs (Phnom Penh); Myanmar Ministry of Health (Mandalay and Yangon) 2.10
Scaling up access to antiretroviral treatment for PLWHA 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 people on ART 600,000 400,000 LDCs Others 200,000 0 Jun-04 Dec-04 Jun-05 Dec-05 Source: WHO
Opportunities Growing political commitment Increasing international financing Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis & Malaria World Bank PEPFAR Foundations Other initiatives Advancing technologies
Challenges Growing epidemic Inadequate human resources Weak delivery systems High cost of drugs and diagnostics Inadequate coverage of interventions
3by5 Initiative Towards Universal Access Acceleration of prevention G8 Gleneagles declaration (July 2005) UN General Assembly (Sept 2005) UN High Level Forum (June 2006) Global Steering Committee
WHO' Vision for Health Sector All countries provide a package of integrated prevention, treatment and care services based on the public health approach People have a range of entry points which link testing, prevention, treatment and chronic care and support Access to services is equitable for all in need, including vulnerable communities. Communities are active partners in design and delivery of health services The scale-up of HIV/AIDS services creates stronger health systems, including improved workforce capacity and reliable procurement and distribution of commodities Partners complement one another and are guided by clearly defined targets and accountabilities at the country level
WHO Strategic Directions towards Universal Access Enabling people to safely know their HIV status through HIV testing and counselling Maximizing the health sector's contribution to HIV prevention Accelerating the scale-up of HIV/AIDS treatment and care Strengthening and expanding health systems Strategic information to guide a more effective response
Action points Countries to define specific targets and costed operational plans for moving towards universal access Countries mobilize national partners to implement the national strategies. National partners include government agencies, civil society, religious groups, academia, private sector and people living with HIV/AIDS Development partners to better coordinate their support to countries