Health Maintained and Restored Begins With Nutrition

Health Maintained and Restored Begins With Nutrition T. Colin Campbell Professor Emeritus Nutritional Biochemistry Cornell University 1 1

To The Future From The Present Hi Carb:Lo Fat:Lo Prot Lo Carb:Hi Fat;Hi Prot 2

Contemporary Nutrition Public very confused Little or no nutrition taught in medical schools Nutrition research funding almost nonexistent (3-4% of total medical research)

Nutrition Principles Experimental cancer is reversible by nutrition 4

Dietary Protein and AFB 1 - (Rats) Initiated Liver Cancer More Protein? Dietary Protein (%) More Cancer? Animals with tumors and hyperplastic nodules 20% (regular) 5% (low) 30/30 (100%) 0/12 (0%) Madhavan and Gopalan, 1968. Confirmed by Wells et al, 1974. 47 years ago 5

Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Appleton and Campbell, Cancer Res., 1983; Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Youngman and Campbell, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index 20% protein Chemical Initiation (Mutation) 5% protein 3 6 9 12 Weeks Protein Promotion (Feeding) 6

Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Appleton and Campbell, J. Nutr. 1983; Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index 20% Increasing dietary protein promotes chemically-induced cancer 20% 5% 5% Chemical Initiation (Mutation) 3 6 9 12 Weeks Protein Promotion (Feeding) 7

Turning Pancreatic Cancer On And Off With Corn Oil 9.0 7.8 % Volume Occupied 6.5 5.3 4.0 20:20(3) 5:5(0) 20:5(0) 5:20(2) % Corn Oil at 2:4 months (# cancer animals) Nutrition controls cancer growth 8

Mutation Theory of Cancer Implies That It Is Irreversible INITIATION (Starter Mutation) PROGRESSION Time Line PROMOTION (A Series of Additional Mutations) 9 9

Nutrition Theory of Cancer Implies That It Is Reversible INITIATION (Starter Mutation) PROGRESSION Time Line PROMOTION (A Series of Additional Mutations) 9 10

Nutrition Principles Cancer is reversible by nutrition Each nutrient acts by countless mechanisms 11

What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation) 9 12

What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation) PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use 9 13

Nutrition Principles Cancer is reversible by nutrition Each nutrient acts by countless mechanisms Nutrition controls gene expression 14

Genetics Or Nutrition? (Early 1980s) More Cancer Genes Normal Cells Less Cancer Genes Genes Cause Cancer More tumors Less tumors 15 7

Genetics Or Nutrition? (Early 1980s) More Cancer Genes Normal Less Cancer Genes Low (5%) Protein Cells High (20%) Protein Nutrition controls genes, i.e., high More tumors protein causes cancer Less tumors 16 8

Nutrition Principles Cancer is reversible by nutrition Each nutrient acts by countless mechanisms Nutrition controls gene expression Animal and plant based proteins act differently 17

Experimental Protein is CASEIN (Main Protein of Cow s Milk) Soy & wheat protein did not increase precancer development, even at 20% of diet calories Casein is the most relevant carcinogen ever identified 18 10

Initiation Of Cancer By Environmental Chemicals (Experimental Animal BioAssay) % Cancer Response 10 2 Very Low Human Exposure 10 1 10 0 10-1 10-4 10-5 (what is dose-response?) Very High Dose of Suspect Chemical 10-6? Threshold 10-5 10-2 10-1 10 0 10 1 10 2 Dose of Chemical (mg/kg BW) 12

Promotion Of Cancer By Casein % Cancer Response Human Exposure For Casein Very High Dose of Suspect Chemical Dietary Casein 12

Nutrition Principles Cancer is reversible by nutrition Each nutrient acts by countless mechanisms Nutrition controls gene expression Animal and plant-based proteins act differently Protein acts both directly and indirectly 21

Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer 0.6 (Dunaif and Campbell, J. Nutr. 1987) Cancer Index 0.4 0.2 Traditional Human Consumption 4 8 12 16 20 % Dietary Protein 22 12

DIETARY PROTEIN AND DISEASE RISK Plant Based Foods Animal Based Foods DISEASE RISK MIN RDA AVE 4 8 12 16 20 23

DIETARY PROTEIN AND DISEASE RISK Plant Based Foods Animal Based Foods DISEASE RISK 4 8 12 16 20 24

NUTRIENT COMPOSITIONS* COMPONENT PLANT ANIMAL Antioxidants Only Made By Plants Almost None Complex Carbs Only Made By Plants None Vitamins Made By Plants Almost None Fat ~9-11% ~15-20% Protein ~9-11% ~15-20% *PROCESSED FOODS are varied, likely worse 25

Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Macular Degeneration WFPB nutritional effect is broad Cardiovascular Diseases Hypertension Multiple Sclerosis Acne Kidney Stones Osteoporosis and rapid Migraine Lupus Diabetes if dietary (I and II) change is Depression sustained Rheumatoid Arthritis Alzheimer s Disease Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Cognitive Dysfunction WFPB treats illness and disease Pain* *Mostly anecdotal 26

Esselstyn s 27-Year Study of 18 Seriously Ill Heart Patients (Esselstyn et al, J. Fam. Pract., 1995; Am. J. Cardiol., 1999; Prev. Cardiol., 2000) All plant-based diet, low dose statins 49 coronary events during 8 years prior to study 0 coronary events during 12 yrs of follow-up in 17/18 patients. Zero coronary mortality and 10% expected cancers after 27 years. 27

Recent Esselstyn Findings Compliant/non-compliant: 177/19 Compliance: 89.3% Cardiovascular events: compliants (0.4%) vs. noncompliants (67%) All subjects remained under care of personal physician (statin use allowed) 2528

10-Day Treatment Program Whole Plant-Based,Tasty Foods (n=16) Body weight loss, 5-10 lbs Total cholesterol, 196 to 148 mg/dl (5.0 to 3.8 mmol/l) LDL cholesterol, Pathway 118 to to myriad 86 g/dl diseases (3.04 to 2.23 mmol/l) Triglycerides, 134 to 89 g/dl (1.51 to 1.01 mmol/l) 29 26

Breast Cancer (Deaths/10 5 /Yr) 25 20 15 10 5 Whole Food Plant-Based Philippines Japan Thailand Portugal Chile Venezuela Panama Columbia Mexico Taiwan Ceylon El Salvador 20 60 Italy Czech Hungary Hong Kong Bulgaria Romania Yugoslavia Puerto Rico 30 Netherlands UK Denmark Canada Switzerland New Zealand Ireland USA Australia Belgium Sweden Austria Germany Norway France Poland Spain Greece Total Fat/Animal Protein Intake 100 140 180

Atherosclerosis, Cholesterol and Animal Protein (Clarkson S Newburgh MD, 1926) this elevation of blood cholesterol in the diet..[is]..directly referable to the excess of protein in the diet and not to its cholesterol content. 31 T Colin Campbell, Cornell

Casein or Soy Protein Effects on Atherosclerosis (Rabbits) Diet (# Animals) Sclerotic Severity Casein (26) 2.08 Soy (22) 0.41 5-fold Meeker & Kesten, 1940-1941 (in Gibney and Kritchevsky, 1983) 75 years ago T Colin Campbell, Cornell 32

Lo Fat? Lo Animal Protein? Versus Plasma Cholesterol Decrease Fat Restore Switch Protein 33

Omega-3 Fats Don t Work for Total Mortality, Heart Disease or Cancer (Hooper et al., Brit.Med.J 332:752, 2006) 89 studies (RCTS/cohort), ~600,000 subjects... omega 3 fats do not have a clear effect on total mortality, combined cardiovascular events, or cancer Although not statistically significant, clinically important harm [cancer risk] could not be excluded 34

REDUCTIONISM: Nutrition (Sesso et al. JAMA 300:2123, 2008; Kamangar and Emadi. Int J Prev Med 3:221, 2012; Radford et al. Bonekey Rep 2:293, 2013) Nutrient Supplements Vit E increases hemorrhagic stroke by 74% Calcium and Vit D increase cardiovascular events Vit E increases risk of prostate cancer by 17% 35

Glycolysis Krebs Cycle 36 31

Thank You Can any one reaction tell all? With no unintended consequences? 31 37

Thank You Can any one reaction tell all? With no unintended consequences? 31 38

(W)holistic Nutrition Multiple nutrients Multiple mechanisms This is a highly interactive, integrated, Multiple disease reversals wholistic system, without revering Multiple health improvements protein Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet 39 39

A WHOLE FOOD PLANT BASED (WFPB) DIET, WITH LITTLE OR NO ADDED FAT, SUGAR AND SALT SOLVES MORE ILLNESSES THAN ALL THE PILLS AND PROCEDURES COMBINED! 40

Revised Causes of Death (assuming 2/3 of heart disease and cancer preventable by nutrition) Nutrition Ignorance Heart Diseases Cancer 1,018,000 202,000 193,000 41

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In Theater, Week of July 4, 2015 2nd Edition 43

Thank You 44