UNIT 3 - CELLS Cell theory Types of cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic,plant and animal) Homeostasis in cells Enzymes Biomolecules Cell structure and function and processes Transport across cellular membranes Overview of photosynthesis Cellular respiration and ATP Cell cycle, mitosis, and cancer UNIT 3 VOCABULARY - Topic: Cells 3.1.pp194-200. Cells: eukaryotic - cell, function, prokaryotic - cell, organelle, cell-theory, photosynthesis, light reaction, dark-reaction, carbohydrates, cellular- respiration, aerobic, anaerobic, products,, reactants, equation-for respiration, equation-for-photosynthesis, ADP, ATP 3.2.pp194-207. Cell parts w. functions: cell-membrane, lipid-bilayer,cell-wall, nuclear-membrane, nucleus, chloroplasts, vacuole, mitochondrion/-dria, lysosome, cytoskeleton, centriole, cytoplasm, ribosome, endoplasmic-reticulum (ER), smooth -ER, rough -ER, Golgiapparatus 3.3.pp208-212. Cell Transport: Active-transport, passive-transport, osmosis, selectively-permeable, isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic, diffusion, fluid-mosaic-model, permeable membrane, phospholipids, endocytosis CELL THEORY- EQ: What are the 3 facts of the cell theory? - pp191 1. All living organisms are made up of cells 2. The cell =basic unit of life 3. All new cells come from existing cells EQ- Which Scientists are connected to cell discovery? - pp190-191 *Robert Hooke-discovered cells look like prison cells in a cork. Hooke used a light compound microscope to examine the cells *Mathias, Schwann and Virchow put the cell theory together
EQ: How do microscopes differ? pp191-193 EQ: Compare images, magnification, color, how it works, what can be seen, what can it be used for. LIGHT COMPOUNDS MICROSCOPE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE 1. Samples must be alive Non Living samples 2.Color images 3.Magnification x1000 to 1500 Can be used to see organisms up to 1 millionth of meter but resolution is is not as high and clear. Black + white images Magnification x500,000,, clearer, higher resolution Can be used for tiny specimens under 1 millionth of meter up to to 1 billionth) 4. Cannot see inside cell Transmission 2D Samples must be thin Can see inside of of cell-structures Scanning 3D Thick samples Can see only surface of of cell
EQ: Differences between PROKARYOTIC (P) and EUKARYOTIC (E) CELLS pp193-4 *In E-Cells = parts are membrane bound like cell membrane + nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus E-Larger, more complex, DNA is contained in nucleus *P-Cells = simpler, smaller, no nucleus, DNA scattered, parts are not bound by membranes. P cells have a cell wall, cell membrane + ribosomes, scattered DNA pp207
EQ: What are Cell Organelles & Their Functions pp207 Nucleus contains DNA and instructions for cell Nucleus is surrounded by the cytoplasm EQ: Which Parts of the cell are connected with Protein Synthesis Slides = Ribosomes + Endoplasmic Reticulum + Golgi bodies pp200-201
EQ: How does Protein Synthesis Work? pp200-201
EQ: Describe the CELL s BOUNDARIES. pp203-4 1.Cell Membrane (aka: Plasma Membrane) This is called the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane The cell membrane is semi-permeable = selectively allowing some substances to pass through it and rejecting some It is made up of 2 layers of lipids (aka: lipid bilayer) 2. Cell Wall = found in plants maintain shape, support and structure.
EQ: How are Photosynthesis & Respiration Related?