7/22/2018. The ACE Study & Our Second Brain. 8th Biennial Northwest Alcohol Conference. Overreact & Jump to Conclusions!

Transcription

1 The ACE Study & Our Second Brain 8th Biennial Northwest Alcohol Conference July, 2018 Riverside Hotel, Boise, Idaho Presenter: Karen Williams NIH: 2001, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2014, Overreact & Jump to Conclusions! Frontal Lobe: Rational THINKING *Pre-Frontal Cortex (PFC) Executive Functions & Self-Regulation Hippocampus: MEMORY/LEARNING: Stores POSITIVE EXPERIENCES NEUROGENESIS Makes new baby neurons/stem cells Amygdala Amy. G. Dala Restores Homeostasis/Balance. 1

2 At birth, our brain has Pre-wires the 25% including 100 billion. Only 25% have POSITIVE stimulation, i.e., been pre-wired (to do what POSITIVE interactions BUILD! Our temperament we can do at birth). Our Fight, Flight, Freeze A lack of Positive Stimulation Turns-on/off sections of 75% are waiting for places learning/development neurons on a schedule POSITIVE stimulation. ON HOLD, i.e., there is DEVELOPMENT DISRUPTION. Confidence William s Hierarchy of Needs. CDC, williamsgroup@cableone.net Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs Confidence William s Hierarchy of Needs. CDC, williamsgroup@cableone.net Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs Mostly In our 2 Brains. 2

3 Our Spinal Nerves are in charge of MOVEMENT & RESPONSE to THREATS. 1. Amy G. Dala (Amygdala) & CORTISOL work with the SPINAL NERVES One we hear a lot about and one we don t! We have 2 Two-Way Communicat ion Pathways 2. PFC & HIPPO work with the VAGUS NERVES Karen Williams, Williamsgroup, 2015 The Vagus Nerves (left/right): Cranial Nerve X (No. 10) Para-sympathetic System Exits the Brain Stem & wanders throughout the thorax and abdomen Called the compassion nerves Para-sympathetic Handles Peacetime Comfort & Sense of Control = Calm Allows Learning & Development Sympathetic Handles Threats Movement, Tension, Discomfort, Distress, Anxiety, Trauma Constricts pupil 3

4 Has 500 Million Neurons that are in constant contact with the neurons in our First/Big Brain. Job: To produce hundreds of chemicals our brain and the rest of our body use to function. Produces: 85-95% of Serotonin 40-50% of Dopamine 40-50% of Oxytocin Houses and programs: 60%-70% of our Immune System, that protects us from illness & disease. Start Here: Norepinephrine & Noradrenaline Stimulate Adrenal Exhaustion and Low Supply of Cortisol. Body can no longer respond to distress we being to use fake stimulants With no cortisol to keep the stress-response UP & deficiencies in Serotonin, Dopamine & Oxytocin, decline into depression can be rapid. Adrenal Gland to Produce Cortisol Blood/Energy Is Transferred from Digesting to Surviving OVER TIME Serotonin, Dopamine & Oxytocin Supply Compromised Immune System Compromised OVER TIME Immune System Affected The Digestive System Slows/Shuts Down Dopamine & Oxytocin Affected Serotonin Affected When distress SLOWS/DISRUPTS our gut, it leads to: Digestive & Elimination Problems - Acid Reflux, Indigestion, IBS, Constipation, Colitis, Crohn s Metabolism Problems, Gall Bladder, etc. Weight Gain, Obesity Diabetes (Type 2) High Cholesterol, Blood Pressure Heart Disease Slower Healing Inflammations and Allergies OUR GUT S JOBS: Digestion, Elimination, Infections Metabolism, Immune System, Anxiety & Depression Mfg. of Sara, Dopa, & Oxy-T Unmitigated distress, anxiety and trauma can create future behavioral health disorders. National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine. 24 4

5 Half of behavioral health problems begin before age 14 Unmitigated childhood & adolescent STRESS is linked to clusters of One Quarter between the ages of preventable EMOTIONAL and and 24. MAJOR FINDINGS: BEHAVIORAL health problems. Children & Youth ARE RESPONDERS. Emotional and Behavioral SYMPTOMS, i.e., Anxiety & Depressive Emotional Symptoms & Fight, Flight, & Freeze Behavioral Symptoms -show up 2-4 (up to 7) years before reaching criteria for a disorder. 26 Source: SAMHSA, People Under 25 (30) are Most At Risk for the Following Emotional and Behavioral Health Disorders (Disorder = Not Orderly, i.e., Not Positive) When behavioral signs and symptoms of distress, anxiety, and trauma (Fight, Flight & Freeze) Anxiety Disorders Depression/Mood Disorders are ignored, dismissed, or punished PTSD/Child Traumatic Stress behavioral symptoms are likely to escalate until they reach the criteria for a behavioral health disorder. Conduct Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder Obsessive/Compulsive Disorder Eating Disorders Substance Use Disorders 2009 Self-Harm Disorders 27 Karen Williams, Williamsgroup, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, CDC 5

6 More than 40% of youth ages have experienced a behavioral health problem by the time they reach 7 th grade. Suicide is the third leading cause of death among youth ages after accidents and homicide. Source: SAMHSA, % is in our Gut (2 nd Brain): Pre-Biotics & Pro- Biotics (Fiber & Healthy Bacteria vs. Pathogenic Bacteria) 30-35% is a fluid management, cleaning, & lymphocyte (white blood cell) mfg. plant 10-15% is in our 1 st brain. It works only when we sleep. Discovered in 2013 at the University of Virginia, published in

7 In the case of the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study childhood means under 18 years of age. The ACE Study shows a link between the DISTRESS created by childhood ADVERSITY and: DISRUPTION of the natural/normal neural development processes, Emotional, social & cognitive/thinking IMPAIRMENT HIGH-RISK behaviors MH DISORDERS, PHYSICAL DISEASES & DISABILITY Early DEATH When the ACE Study was first published in 1998, there were major gaps in the science to explain the why & how of the Study s findings. Findings from the ACE Study Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Then, science filled one gap with research that explained HOW UNMITIGATED DISTRESS interrupts neuro-development. 7

8 Diabetes Addiction Heart Heart Disease Disease % % % Substance Eating Disorders Abuse Anxiety, Anxiety, Withdrawal, Aggression, Depression, Depression PTSD Chemical Changes in Brain Sexual Abuse Creates Domestic Violence Creates Distress, Anxiety Trauma & Trauma Karen Williams, Williamsgroup Based on CDC ACE Study, 1998 NIH: 2001, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2014,

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