Endocrine System. Regulating Blood Sugar. Thursday, December 14, 17

Transcription

1 Endocrine System Regulating Blood Sugar

2 Stress results in nervous and hormonal responses.

3 The adrenal glands are located above each kidney. Involved in stress response.

4 Stress Upsets Homeostasis

5 Stress Upsets Homeostasis detected by hypothalamus

6 Stress Upsets Homeostasis detected by hypothalamus Short Term Stress (Nervous System) spinal cord and Sympathetic NS Long Term Stress (Endocrine System) hormonal

7 Short Term Stress

8 Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands

9 Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla

10 Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine

11 Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine increase glucose release -constricts blood vessels -increases heart rate

12 Short Term Stress Adrenal Glands Adrenal Medulla epinephrine norepinephrine increase glucose release Fight or Flight Response -constricts blood vessels -increases heart rate

13 Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone save glucose, use fat for energy -increases Na+ and H2O absorption -increases blood pressure

14 Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH

15 Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex

16 Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone

17 Long Term Stress Anterior Pituitary Secretes ACTH Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex cortisol aldosterone save glucose, use fat for energy -increases Na+ and H2O absorption -increases blood pressure

18 Your hypothalamus can also impact: Your metabolism by stimulating your thyroid (weight gain or loss with stress) Your blood sugar level (stimulates pancreas)

19 Maintaining Blood Sugar Pancreas has islets of Langerhans, cells that secrete hormones 3 types: alpha cells glucagon beta cells insulin delta cells somatostatin

20 Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas

21 Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells Liver

22 Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells increase glucose intake Liver excess glucose to glycogen

23 Eat Food increase blood glucose levels detected by Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin Body Cells increase glucose intake Liver excess glucose to glycogen decrease blood glucose level decrease blood glucose level

24 Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas

25 Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon Liver

26 Fasting decrease blood glucose levels detected by Alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon Liver excess glycogen to glucose increase blood glucose level

27 Diabetes Diabetes if untreated it can cause blindness, nerve damage, kidney failure, impaired circulation symptoms: blurred vision, polyuria (frequent urination), weight loss, thirst

28 Diabetes 4 Types Type I: Juvenile Diabetes 10% born with this early breakdown of beta cells, don t make insulin have to get insulin shots

29 Diabetes 4 Types Type II: Adult Onset obesity related to diet

30 Diabetes 4 Types Diabetes insipidus: decrease in ADH secretion from the kidneys

31 Diabetes 4 Types Gestational diabetes 3 10% of pregnancies screening occurs while pregnant, treated with diet diabetes typically goes away after baby is born