11/13/18. MICROBIOME AND THE BRAIN: How your gut impacts wellbeing. Approach. Lessons from Venice. Session One. Sue Langley

Transcription

1 MICROBIOME AND THE BRAIN: How your gut impacts wellbeing Session One Sue Langley Langley Group IP Trust Approach Lessons from Venice 1

2 Lessons from Venice Agenda 2. Implications and research 1. Introduction to your microbiome 3. What next? Research and theory This session will cover: The research and theory about microbiota and the brain Where does our microbiota come from? Research linked to non-communicable diseases such as autism, obesity, auto-immune diseases, strokes, heart disease, diabetes and m ore The symbiotic relationship between gut and brain How you can learn to love your bacteria? How your microbiome and your brain communicate? 2

3 Microbiome or Microbiota? What is it exactly? 1,000,000,000,000 cells 40,000 strains 99% microbial genes 1% human genes (26,000) They can live inside your cells Total weight of your microbes = weight of your brain!!! Microbiome? Microbes - so many things: Bacteria Cytokines Microbes T-cells (80% in your gut) Lymphocytes Biofilms Archaea Yeasts Protozoans Viruses Antibodies Antigens Fungi Metabolites Pathogens (bad) Commensals (good) Where does it come from? 3

4 Impact? The microbiome research links to many areas: Depression and anxiety IBS Diabetes Obesity Cancer Psoriasis Eczema Rheumatoid arthritis Autoimmune disorders Allergies and asthma Autism and Aspergers Schizophrenia and Bipolar Multiple sclerosis Fragile X Epilepsy Crohn s disease Pain Addiction Strokes Alzheimers and Parkinsons And.. co-morbidity? Impact on the brain Microbes can modulate brain function Link to glial cells and neural death Bacteria and neurons are influenced by both DNA and environment. Mauro Costa-Mattioli Impact on the brain Bacteria are capable of producing some of the most important neurotransmitters in the human brain, like serotonin, dopamine and GABA this therefore impacts our brain function through the vagus nerve. 4

5 Vagus nerve The main conduit or communication channel Pathology can spread in rats in six days Recent research has found some makes in under a second? A vagotomy stops the transmission yet causes other issues (used to be used for gastric ulcers) Babies delivered by C-section can lack important Bacteroides species for up to the first 18 months of life, therefore more likely to suffer from asthma and allergies, more susceptible to depression and anxiety and react differently to stress. 5

6 Even if delivered by C-section breast feeding can normalise the microbiota in around six weeks. Sugars in the breast milk feed bacteria. Antibiotics UK study,

7 Environmental toxins are often endocrine disruptors; that is, they can block hormones or actually impair the production of hormones by the endocrine glands. In other cases, they are toxic to our inner garden of a hundred trillion gut bacteria, which are trying to help us by busily producing beneficial substances 7

8 Focus on the gut Scientists are discovering that some of these microbes can actually commandeer your mind, control your tastes, and alter your moods. Scott C Anderson Bacteria... Commensals General Pathogans 8

9 Healthy balance Feeding each other Dysbiosis. 9

10 Inflammation. When you have too many of the bad bacteria it can end up causing leaky gut and spreading into the blood stream, creating too many and leading to inflammation. Living beings... Living beings... 10

11 Quote If microbes are controlling the brain, then microbes are controlling everything. John F Cryan Langley Langley Group Group IP IP Trust Trust What if? What if? 11

12 Symbiotic relationship Langley Langley Group Group IP IP Trust Trust Symbiotic relationship Langley Langley Group Group IP IP Trust Trust Questions 12

13 Next time. 2. Implications and research 1. Introduction to your microbiome 3. What next? Thank you! Langley Langley Group Group IP IP Trust Trust 13