Human Connectome: Developmental Patterns and Brain Maps
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1 Human Connectome: Developmental Patterns and Brain Maps Len Matheson, PhD Faithful Brain Research Foundation Neurorehabilitation Psychologist Author: Your Faithful Brain: Designed for so much more!
2 Overview Who does this affect? Why? What is being done? How can I use this to help my clients? Questions 3-D Brain Tour
3 Your Brain Requires Resources 25% of your oxygen 20% of your glucose
4 Who? Derek & Alice 39 y-o husband & wife Married > Re-Married Three sons, ages 2, 4, 5 Derek on Autism-Spectrum Hyperactive Childhood >> >> Hyper-focused Adult Divorce Threatening Derek w Reactive Depression & Anxiety
5 Human Connectome Project s Why? Remediate (developmental) brain disorders. Dyslexias Schizophrenias Anxiety Disorders Addictive Disorders Depressive Disorders Personality Disorders Autism-Spectrum Disorders Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders NIH Studies of Normal Brain Development Pediatric MRI Data Repository (2006) Adolescent MRI Data Repository (2012)
6 Len s Why? Intersection of faith and neuroscience helps us understand God s design for relationship. How God communicates with us. How we participate with God. How we relate with each other. And, most importantly
7 how loving God and each other is optimal for brain health and fitness and quality-of-life. Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with your entire mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: Love your neighbor as yourself. Matthew 22:37 39
8 how loving God and each other is optimal for brain health and fitness and quality-of-life. Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with your entire mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: Love your neighbor as yourself. Matthew 22:37 39
9 how loving God and each other is necessary for brain health and fitness and quality-of-life. Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God s will is his good, pleasing and perfect will. Romans 12:1-2
10 Neuron Born with more than our mother and rapidly grow new neurons, but lose those that aren t used. 100 billion neurons + 1 trillion glial cells. Cortex down-regulation develops into mid-20s.
11 11 Gray Matter in Layers and Columns Six layers in cerebral cortex. Each layer has a different function. Each layer thickness of one business card! Golgi stain of cerebral cortex S I X B U S I N E S S C A R D S
12 Many Linkages Each averages 10,000 links. Purkinje cells 200,000 links. A link either excites or inhibits the next neuron. Possible combinations is beyond counting: Godzillion Purkinje Cell Ramon y Cajal 1913
13 Constantly Changing Neuroplasticity 1885 > > > > > 1985 Neurogenesis 1995 Neuroconsolidation 2005
14 Biblical Neurorehabilitation Bach y Rita Family 1960 Mike Merzenich & Jon Kaas 1985 Edward Taub 2000 Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Francis Collins 2005 The Language of God
15 What: Human Connectome Comprehensive map of brain and nervous system neural connections. NIH Blueprint for Neuroscientific Research 1. Washington University, St. Louis & U Minnesota 2. Harvard / Massachusetts General Hospital & UCLA
16 Human Connectome Project (HCP) Wash U St. Louis + University of Minnesota 1. Structural MRI to develop topographic maps 2. Resting-state fmri to identify default networks 3. Task-specific fmri to identify functional networks 4. Diffusion imaging to map links among networks
17 HCP Brain Connectivity Maps 1,200 healthy adults Monozygotic (identical) twins Dyzogotic (fraternal) twins Non-twin siblings
18 Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel Brain circa
19 Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel Brain 19
20 Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel Brain 20
21 Four Cortical Regions circa
22 22 Phineas Gage American railroad foreman drilling rock in Spark triggered explosion that drove tamping rod through his skull and frontal cortex. Survived with different personality; disrespectful, profane, impulsive, and unreliable. Frontal cortex crucial for personality and behavioral control.
23 Different Cortical & Sub-Cortical Brodmann Areas
24 Different Combinations of Nuclei and Networks How can we make sense of this?
25 HCP Game Plan 25
26 HCP 7-Tesla Brain MRI
27 Structural MRI High-resolution for topographic maps Differences in brain structure for: 1. Schizophrenia? 2. Bipolar? 3. Autism? 4. ADHD?
28 Which brain belongs to a person such as Derek?
29 Resting-State fmri Resting brain observed through changes in blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal. Patterns of synchronous activity regions are being found in healthy subjects. Sets a baseline to detect impairment before symptoms are evident.
30 HCP Resting-State fmri April, 2015 (n = 468)
31 UCSD Resting fmri Toddlers with Autism Derek s parents were VERY lucky!
32 Task-Specific fmri Explores how brain s function normally corresponds to challenges. Response networks that should be there but aren t are early warning indicators. Differences in brain function for: 1. Schizophrenia? 2. Bipolar? 3. Autism? 4. ADHD?
33 Diffusion Tensor Imaging Water molecules diffuse along axons. Colors indicate directional movement. Missing pathways can be identified if we know what to look for.
34 Red = left to right Green = front to back Blue = top to bottom 34
35 Electron Microscopic Neuron Fly-By
36 Faithful Brain Development 1. Brain-Restorative Sleep Personal Prayer Relaxation 2. Happy Hippocampus Exercise 3. Joyful Goaling 4. Just-Right Challenges 5. Serial Counseling Progress Assessments
37 Why Brain-Restorative Sleep? Re-establishes homeostatic rhythm to promote brain health and fitness. Brain must dissipate waste products, perform housekeeping, and restore energy reserves. Neuroconsolidation prepares the brain for creative exploration.
38 38 Neuroconsolidation? During sleep, information is consolidated: 1. Thalamus blocks input from the senses. 2. Pons paralyzes musculoskeletal system. 3. Hippocampus converts a small portion of information into long-term memories. 4. Cerebral cortex creates your story. Self-Directed Neuroconsolidation
39 39 How Much is Brain-Restorative? 4 cycles is necessary for brain maintenance. 5 cycles is necessary for brain restoration. If you ve had BRS, you will awaken: Spontaneously Feeling refreshed Experiencing Ah-Ha! One way the Holy Spirit communicates with us.
40 Derek & Alice? Administered CPA Joint Session Quality of-life quantified became a point of inflection.
41 41 Follow-Up Opportunities BRS & PPR at Wash U Annual Concussion Research Conference - October 17, 2015 CPA free from Faithful Brain Research Foundation Mark@faithfulbrain.com HCP Data and Software free Volunteer for an Institutional Review Board free Follow Len s Faithfulbrain.com blog free
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