Activity 2. Identification of unreported NPS:

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1 Identification and characterization of New Psychoactive Substances Emma Gracia Lor Lisbon, 28th September 2016

2 WS1 : Identification and characterization of NPS Activity 1: Listing NPS, collection of data, literature search. Start at month 1 and last 6 months. This activity will produce a list of priority NPS already reported. Activity 2. Identification of unreported NPS: Activity 2a, by qualitative analysis of wastewater and urine from emergency rooms and forensic samples, will start at month 3 and will last 1 year Activity 2b, targeted survey, and analysis of wastewater and urine from music festivals in Norway, will start at month 2 and will last 13 months This activity will identify NPS use in the population, including substances not yet reported, and will provide information for prevention strategies

3 Data sources: Activity 1: Listing NPS, collection of data, literature search Reports of new molecules sent by the EMCDDA (December 2013-March 2016) Alerts (Europe and Italy) + Italy seizure list + Notifications in Italy (intoxications) (October 2013-March 2016) UNODC control list Database ~ 350 NPS

4 Selection Priority compounds : 200 NPS Criteria: Frequency of use Recently reported Phenethylamine (37) Arilcicloexilamine - ketamine anal. (3) Piperidine (6) Tryptamine (7) Synthetic cathinone (53) Synthetic cannabinoid (72) Synthetic oppioid (9) Aminorex derivate (3) Natural psychoactive substance (4) Benzodiazepine (4)

5

6 WS1 : Identification and characterization of NPS Activity 2. Identification of unreported NPS: Activity 2a, by qualitative analysis of wastewater and urine from emergency rooms and forensic samples, will start at month 3 and will last 1 year Activity 2b, targeted survey, and analysis of wastewater and urine from music festivals in Norway, will start at month 2 and will last 13 months This activity will identify NPS use in the population, including substances not yet reported, and will provide information for prevention strategies.

7 Wastewater samples (May 2016) Portugal Ireland Norway Netherlands Slovakia (4) Hungary Switzerland Alba-Iulia Romania (3) Italy Slovenia Serbia (2) Sarajevo Bulgaria Malta Poland 19 places Urine samples (music festival August 2016) Oslo

8 Wastewater samples Pooled sample: Friday + Saturday + Sunday Oasis HLB 100 ml (ph 7) 100 ml (ph 2) Oasis MCX 200 µl (10% MeOH) 200 µl (10% MeOH) Orbitrap QExactive 2 injections : Screening (Full MS) Confirmation (ddms 2 )

9 Urine samples Pooled sample from urinating spots 5 ml Oasis HLB 200 µl (10% MeOH) Orbitrap QExactive 2 injections : Screening (Full MS) Confirmation (ddms 2 )

10 Screening and identification of the compounds Thermo hardware/software suites

11 Screening and identification of the compounds TraceFinder application Software able to do a rapid targeted screening of compounds and identify then according to different parameters

12 m/z Retention time Fragment ions Isotopic pattern Library search Library score

13 1st injection: Screening (Full MS) Wastewater from Porto 23 suspected NPS

14 1st injection: Screening (Full MS) Urine samples from Norway 36 suspected NPS

15 1st injection: Screening (Full MS)

16 1st injection: Screening (FullMS FullMS)

17 2nd injection: Identificationand and confirmation(ddms 2 ) O NH CH 3 H 3 C CH 3 4-Methylethcathinone? Exact m/z: (STD available)

18 2nd injection: Identificationand and confirmation(ddms 2 ) O N Cl CH 3 4-chloro-α-PPP Exact m/z: Fragments (database) m/z: ? m/z:

19 Future work Analysis with Orbitrap + data processing Analysis of cathinones with QqQ

20 Ettore Zuccato Sara Castiglioni Emma Gracia Lor Renzo Bagnati Nikolaos Rousis Francesco Riva

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