Brugiamalayi, , 140 life cycle of, 137 Bubo(es), Bubonic plague, 42, 43-44, see also Plague Burma, filariasis in, 137

Transcription

1 Index Abscess, amebic liver, 67, aspiration of, Acidosis, metabolic, 29 Acute African trypanosomiases, , see also African trypanosomiases Acute toxoplasmosis, 94-95, see also Toxoplasmosis Acute viral hepatitis, see Hepatitis, acute viral Aedes aegypti, 17,18 Africa filariasis in, 136 fluke infections in, hookworm infection in, 161 leishmaniasis in, 81 leprosy in, 33 loiasis in, 148 onchocerciasis in, 143 plague in, 43 trypanosomiases in, 99 tuberculosis in, 52 typhoid fever in, 60 yellow fever in, 17, 19 African trypanosomiases, acute, diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 99 epidemiology of, management of, Alaska, echinococcosis in, Amastigote, 85 Amebiasis, causative organism, 67 clinical syndromes of, 68 diagnosis of, 70, 72 distribution of, 67 epidemiology of, 68 hepatic, intestinal, 69 management of, sexual transmission of, 67 America, Central American trypanosomiasis in, 106 leishmaniasis in, 81 onchocerciasis in, 143 typhoid fever in, 60 America, South echinococcosis in, 123 filariasis in, 136 hookworm infection in, 161 leishmaniasis in, 81 leprosy in, 33 onchocerciasis in, 143 plague in, 43 trypanosomiasis in, 107 tuberculosis in, 52 typhoid fever in, 60 yellow fever in, 19 American trypanosomiasis, acute, 108 causative organism, 106 chronic, diagnosis of, 109, 111 disease syndromes of, distribution of, 106 epidemiology of, 107 management of, III

2 202 Index Ampicillin for shigellosis, 50 for typhoid fever, 63 Ancylostoma duodenale, , life cycle of, Anemia iron-deficiency, of hookworm disease, 162 normochromic, 61 Anesthesia, skin, Anorexia, 61 Antibacterial therapy, for leprosy, 41 Antigenic variation, of Trypanosoma brucei, 99 Arena virus(es), 22 Argentina American trypanosomiasis in, 106 Argentine hermorrhagic fever (AHF), 22 Ascariasis, causative organism, 115 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 115 epidemiology of, 116 management of, 119 Ascaris lumbricoides, , 143 life cycle of, Ascaris suum, 116 Asia central, leishmaniasis in, 81 cholera in, 27 filariasis in, 136 fluke infections in, 155 hookworm infection in, 161 plague in, 43 south leprosy in, 33 tuberculosis in, 52 southeast leprosy in, 33 strongyloidiasis in, 176 typhoid fever in, 60 Australia echinococcosis in, 123 malaria in, 87 Autoinfectious cycle, of Strongyloides stercoralis, 177 Bacillary dysentery, see Shigellosis Bacterial infection, Bacterium(a), see specific types Bancroftian filariasis, distribution of, 136 epidemiology of, 137 Bangladesh, cholera in, 28 Beverage, exotic disease resulting from, 1-2 Bile duct, obstruction of, as complication of ascariasis, 117 Biopsy, lymph node, for toxoplasmosis, 97 Blindness, and onchocerciasis, 145 Blood culture, for typhoid fever, 62 Blood smears, 89-90, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF), 22 Bone marrow cultures, for typhoid fever, 62 Borderline leprosy, clinical syndromes of, 35 Bovine tuberculosis, 52 Brazil American trypanosomiasis in, 106 Brugiamalayi, , 140 life cycle of, 137 Bubo(es), Bubonic plague, 42, 43-44, see also Plague Burma, filariasis in, 137 Calabar swelling, 149 Canada echinococcosis in, 124 Carcinoma, hepatocellular, 13 Cardiomyopathy, of trypanosomiasis, Caribbean American trypanosomiasis in, 106 hookworm infection in, 161 strongyloidiasis in, 176 Casoni skin test, 127 Centers for Disease Control, diagnostic tests for African trypanosomiases, 104

3 Index 203 Centers for Disease Control, diagnostic tests (cant.) for amebiasis, 73 for American trypanosomiasis, III for echinococcosis, 127 for eosinophilia, 143 for Lassa fever, 22 for malaria, 91 for plague, 45 for schistosomiasis, 173 for toxocariasis, 121 for toxoplasmosis, for trichinosis, 194 for yellow fever, 20 Centers for Disease Control, treatment African trypanosomiases, 104 American trypanosomiasis, III Amebiasis, 73 Leishmaniasis, 85 Onchocerciasis, 147 Schistosomiasis, 173 Central nervous system, involvement in trypanosomiasis, 102 Cerebral malaria, 89, see also Malaria Chagas' disease, see American trypanosomiasis Chagoma, 108 Chancre, trypanosomal, 101 Chemoprophylaxis, for malaria, 92 Chemotherapy, for onchocerciasis, 147 "Chiclero ulcer", 81, 83, see also Leishmaniasis Child(ren) complications of cholera in, treatment of,31 shigellosis in, 48 Chile American trypanosomiasis in, 106 China fluke infection in, 155 leishmaniasis in, 81, 82 Chloramphenicol, for plague, 45 Chloroquine hydrochloride, parenteral, for malaria, 91 Chloroquine phosphate, for malaria, 6, 91 Cholera, causative organism, 27 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 27 epidemiology of, management of, pediatric, 31 vaccination for, 6 Choramphenicol, for typhoid fever, 63 Choroidoretinitis, 145 Chrysops. 148 Chyluria, 138, 139 "Claw" hand, in leprosy, 36 Clonorchiasis, causative organism, 153 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 156 distribution of, 155 epidemiology of, 155 management of, 158 Clonorchis sinensis, 155 life cycle of, 154 Colombia, ascariasis in, 116 Congenital toxoplasmosis, 95, see also Toxoplasmosis Cough, 53, 61, 120, 135 Culicoides, 140 Cutaneous leishmaniasis, see also Leishmaniasis of new world. 83 of old world, 83 Cutaneous manifestations. acute, of strongyloidiasis, 178 "Cyclic transmission", of trypanosomiasis, 100 Cysticercosis, 185 management of, 188 Cyst(s) echinococcal, 124, 125 of Entamoeba histolytica of Giardia lambli Dane particle, 12 Dapsone, for leprosy, 41 Dehydroemetine, for amebiasis, 73 "Dengue facies", 21 Dengue fever, causative organism, 20 clinical features of, 21 diagnosis and management of, 21

4 204 Index Dengue fever (cont.) epidemiology of, prophylaxis for, 21 Dennatitis of onchocerciasis, 145 schistosome, 168 Diagnosis Acute viral hepatitis, African trypanosomiases, Amebiasis, American trypanosomiasis, Ascariasis, Cholera, Echinococcosis, Enterobiasis, Filariases Bancroftian and Malayan, Dirofilariasis, 151 Loiasis, Onchocerciasis, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, Flukes: liver, intestinal, and lung, Giardiasis, Hookwonn, Leishmaniasis, Leprosy, Malaria, Plague, 44 Schistosomiasis, Shigellosis, 49 Strongyloidiasis, Tapewonns, dwarf tapeworm, 188 Toxocariasis, 120 Toxoplasmosis, Trichinosis, Trichuriasis, Tuberculosis, Typhoid fever, Viral infections Dengue fever, 21 Viral hemorrhagic fevers, 22 Yellow fever, Diarrhea bloody, 198 giardial, 77 outbreaks of, 47 in strongyloidiasis, 178 treatment of, 3 in trichinosis, 192 watery, 28, 48 Diarrhea treatment solution, for cholera, 31 Diet, 15 Diethylcarbamazine for eosinophilia, 143 for loiasis, 150 Diethylcarbamazine citrate, for filariasis, 140 Diloxanide furoate, for amebiasis, 73 Dipetalonema perstans, 135, 140 Dipetalonema streptocerca Diphyllobothrium latum life cycle of, Dirofilaria immitis, life cycle of, 150 Dirofilaria tenuis, Dirofilariasis, causative organism, 150 diagnosis and management of, 151 disease syndromes of, 151 distribution of, 150 epidemiology of, Drug(s), for exotic diseases, 6-7 Duffy blood group, 87 Dysentery, intestinal amebiasis as cause of,69 Dysgammaglobulinemia, giardiasis in, Ebola virus(es), 22 Echinococcosis, causative organism, 123 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 125 distribution of, 123 epidemiology of, 124 management of, Echinococcus granulosus, life cycle of, Echinococcus granulosus var. canadensis, 124, 128 Echinococcus multilocularis. infection with, 128 Ectopic disease, 132 Eggs hookworm, screening for,

5 Index 205 schistomome, screening for, 173 Elephantiasis, 138, 139 Entamoeba coli, 68 Entamoeba hartmanni, 68 Entamoeba histolytica, 67-70, 72, 198 invasiveness of. 68 life cycle of, Enterobiasis, causative organism, 130 diagnosis of, disease syndrome of, distribution of, 130 epidemiology of, 131 management of, Enterobius vermicularis, life cycle of, Enterotoxin, cholera, 28 Eosinophilia, tropical pulmonary, 141 causative organism, 141 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 141 epidemiology of, 141 management of, 143 Erythema nodosum leprosum, 36 treatment of, 41 Escherichia coli, 29 "Espundia", 81, 83, see also Leishmaniasis Ethambutol, for tuberculosis, 57 Europe fluke infection in, 155 malaria in, 87 tapewonn infection in, 184 Exotic disease, prevention of, advice to travelers, 1-7 general measures, 1-7 special risk, 7 Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, 54 Eye, involvement of, in toxoplasmosis, 95 Eye disease, treatment of, 147 Eye lesion, and onchocerciasis, 145 Eye manifestations, of trichinosis, 192 Facial nerve palsy, 36 Fasciola hepatica, life cycle of, 154, 155 Fascioliasis, causative organism, 153 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 155 epidemiology of, management of, 158 Fasciolopsiasis, causative organism, diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 155 epidemiology of, 155 management of, 158 Fasciolopsis buski, 155 life cycle of, 154 Febrile paroxysm, 89 Ferrous sulfate, for hookwonn disease, 165 Fever, 21, 61-62, 83, 89, 94, 120 viral hemorrhagic, Filariasis, acute inflammatory reactions of, 138 causative organism, diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 138 distribution of, 135 epidemiology of, 137 management of, Flatwonn, see Fluke Flavivirus, 17, 20 Fluke intestinal, liver, lung, Folinic acid, for toxoplasmosis, 97 Food, exotic disease from, 2-3 Free-living cycle, of Strongyloides stercoralis, 176 Gallbladder carrier state, in cholera, Gambian trypanosomiasis, chronic, 102 Gametocyte, 87 Geographic history of amebiasis, 70 of American trypanosomiasis, 107 of cholera, 29 of echinococcosis, of malaria, 89 of schistosomiasis, 171

6 206 Index Geographic history (cont.) of strongyloidiasis, 180 of tapewonns, 186 of trichuriasis, 198 of yellow fever, 19 Giardia lamblia, life cycle of, Giardiasis, causative organism, 75 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 75 epidemiology of, 76 management of, Glossina fly, 99, 100 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, 91 "Ground itch", 163 Hand, partial paralysis of, 36 "Hanging groin", in onchocerciasis, 145 HA test for amebiasis, 70, 72 for plague, 45 Helminth infection, Hematemesis, 170 Hemorrhagic fevers, viral, Hepatic amebiasis, Hepatitis acute viral, causative organism, 12 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 13 management of, 15 natural history and epidemiology of, prophylaxis for, isoniazid drug, non-a, non-b, Hepatitis A, 11 immune serum globulin for, 6, Hepatitis B, Hepatocellular carcinoma, 13 Hepatomegaly, 14, 60, 69, 120, 169 Hepatosplenomegaly, 169 Hookwonn infection, acute, 162 causative organism, 160 chronic, 162 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 161 epidemiology of, 161 management of, Host, immunosuppressed, toxoplasmosis in, 95 Hydatid disease, see Echinococcosis Hymenolepis nana, 188 Hyperinfection, manifestations of, in strongyloidiasis, 179 Immune serum globulin (lsg), for hepatitis A, 6, Immunization against cholera, 6, 32 against exotic diseases, 6 against typhoid fever, 64 against yellow fever, 20 Immunosuppressed host, toxoplasmosis in, 95 India amebiasis in, 67, 70 leishmaniasis in, 81, 82 tapewonn infection in, 184 tuberculosis in, 52 typhoid fever in, 63 Infection(s) see specific types Inflammatory reactions, acute, in filariasis, 138 Insects, exotic disease from, 3, 6 Intestinal amebiasis, 69 Intestinal fluke, Intestinal manifestations of strongyloidiasis, 178 of trichinnosis, 192 Intestine, obstruction of, as complication of ascariasis, 117 Iran, ascariasis in, 116 Iridocyclitis, and onchocerciasis, 145 Iron therapy, for hookwonn disease, 165 Isoniazid drug hepatitis, Isoniazid therapy, for tuberculosis, 57 Japan, malaria in, 87 Jaundice, 12, 13, 18, 83, 89 "Jungle yellow fever", 19

7 Index 207 "Kala azar", 81, 83-84, see also Leishmaniasis Katamyama fever, 169 Keratitis, and onchocerciasis, 145 Korea, fluke infections in, 155 Lassa fever, 22 distribution of, 22 Leishman-Donovan body, 85 Leishmania braziliensis, 81 Leishmania, life cycle of, 82 Leishmania mexicana, 81 Leishmaniases, causative organism, 81 diagnosis of, disease syndrome of, distribution of, 81 epidemiology of, management of, 85 Leishmania tropica, Lepra reactions, 36 treatment of, 41 Lepromatous leprosy, clinical syndromes of, Lepromin test, 40 Leprosy, causative organism, 33 clinical syndromes of, diagnosis of, 37, 40 distribution of, 33 epidemiology of, management of, Life cycle of Ancylostoma duodenale, of Ascaris lumbricoides, of Brugia malayi, 137 of Clonorchis sinensis, 154 of Diphyllobothrium latum, of Dirofilaria immitis, 150 of Echinococcus granulosis, of Entamoeba histolytica, of Enterobius vermicularis, of Fasciola, hepatica, 154 of Fasciolopsis buski, 154 of Giardi lamblia, of Leishmania species, 82 of Loa loa, 148 of Necator americanus, of Onchocerca volvulus, 144 of Opisthorchis felineus, 154 of Opisthorchis viverrini, 154 of Paragonimus westermani, of Plasmodium species, of Schistosoma haematobium, 167 of Schistosoma japonicum, 167 of Schistosoma mansoni, 167 of Strongyloides stercora lis, of Taenia saginata, of Taenia solium, of Toxoplasma gondii, of Trichinella spiralis, of Trichuris trichuria, of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, 100 of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, 100 of Trypanosoma cruzi, of Wuchereria bancrofti, 137 Liver amebic abscess of, 67, aspiration of, Liver fluke, Liver hydatid, management of, 127 Loa loa, 140, 148 life cycle of, 148 Loeffler's syndrome, 117 Loiasis, causative organism, 148 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 148 epidemiology of, 148 treatment of, 150 Lung fluke, Lymphadenitis, 42 Lymphadenopathy, 83-84, 94, 138, 139 Lymphangitis, 139 Lymphatic system, chronic obstruction of, filariasis and, 138 Lymphedema, 138 Lymph node, enlarged, in toxoplasmosis, 94 Malabsorption syndrome in giardiasis, 77 in strongyloidiasis, 178 Malaria causative organism, 86 diagnosis of

8 208 Index Malaria, (cont.) disease syndromes of, 89 distribution of, 87 epidemiology of, 87 prevention of, 92 treatment of, 6, Malayan filariasis, l distribution of, l36 epidemiology of, l37 Mansonella ozzardi, 135, 140 Marburg virus(es), Mazzoti test, 146 Mebendazole for ascariasis, 119 for enterobiasis, l34 for hookworm disease, 165 for trichuriasis, Mediterranean echinococcosis in, 123 leishmaniasis in, 81 Megacolon, 109 Megaesophagus, 109 Megaorgans, in trypanosomiasis, 109 Melarsoprol, for African trypanosomiasis, 104 Melena, 61 Meningeal plague, 42, 44 Merozoite, 87 Metronidazole for amebiasis, 73 for giardiasis, 80 Mexico amebiasis in, 70 trypanosomiasis in, 107 typhoid fever in, 63 Microfilaremia, l38 Migration, worm, 149 Miliary tuberculosis, 54 Motor nerve, lepsrosy and, 36 Muscle manifestations, of trichinosis, 192 Myalgia, 61, 89 Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 52-54, 56 Myositis, 108 Nematode, see Ascaris lumbricoides Niclosamide for dwarf tapeworm infection, 188 for tapeworm infection, 188 Nifurtimox, for American trypanosomiasis, III Nigeria, fluke infection in, 155 Nocturnal periodicity, filariasis and, l37 Nodulectomy, 147 Nodule(s), fibrous, of onchocerciasis, Normochromic anemia, 61 Nutritional impairment, with ascariasis, 117 Ocular toxoplasmosis, 95, see also Toxoplasmosis Onchocerca volvulus, life cycle of, 144 Onchocerciasis, causative organism, 143 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, epidemiology of, 144 management of, Oocyst(s), Toxoplasma gondii, Ophthalmic treatment, for onchoceral eye disease, 148 Opisthorchiasis, causative organism, 153 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 156 distribution of, 155 epidemiology of, 155 management of, 158 Opisthorchis felineus, 155 life cycle of, 154 Opisthorchis viverrini, 155 life cycle of, 154 Oral glucose electrolyte solution, for cholera, 31 "Oriental sore", 81, 83, see also Leishmaniasis Nausea, l3, 18, 21, 48 Necator americanus, , life cycle of, Pain abdominal, 61, 69, 89, 178 bubo, 43

9 Index 209 Panama, yellow fever in, 19 Paragonimiasis, causative organism, 153 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, 157 distribution of, ISS epidemiology of, management of, 158 Paragonimus westermani, life cycle of, Parasitemia, 89 Parasite(s), see specific types Parasitic cycle, of Strongyloides stercoralis, 177 Paroxysm, febrile, 89 Perianal disease, Peyer's patches, 61 Phillippines, Pinworm, see Enterobiasis "Pinworm neurosis", 130 Piperazind citrate, for ascariasis, 119 Plague, causative organism, 42 clinical syndromes of, diagnosis of, distribution of, 42 epidemiology of, management of, pathogenesis of, 43 Plasmodiumfalciparum, 6,7,86-87, 89, Plasmodium malariae, 86-87,89,91 Plasmodium ovale, 86-87,89,91 Plasmodium species, life cycle of, Plasmodium vivax, 86-87,89,91 Pneumonic plague, 42, 44 Praziquantei for cysticercosis, 188 for fluke infections, 158 Praziquantel-Biltricide, for schistosomiasis, 174 Prednisolone, for lepra reactions, 41 Prednisone, for cysticercosis, 188 Pregnancy, acquired toxoplasmosis during, 95 Primaquine phosphate, for malaria, 91 Probenecid, for typhoid fever, 63 Prostration, Protozoan infections, Puerto Rico strongyloidiasis in, 176 Pulmonary ascariasis, management of, 119 Pulmonary disease in ascariasis, 117 in tuberculosis, 54 Pulmonary hydatids, 125 management of, 128 Pulmonary infiltrates, with eosinophilia, 143 Pulmonary lesions, produced by Dirofilaria immitis, lsi Pulmonary manifestations, of strongyloidiasis, 178 Pulmonary tuberculosis, see Tuberculosis Pyridoxine, for isoniazid-induced neuropathy,57 Pyrimethamine for malaria, 91 for toxoplasmosis, 97 Quinine hydrochloride, for malaria, 91 Quinine sulfate, for malaria, 91 Rattus norvegicus, 42 Rattus rattus, 42 Reduvid bugs, 106 Rhodesian trypanosomiasis, subacute, 102 Rifampicin, for leprosy, 41 Ringer's lactate, 50 Romana's sign, 108 Rose spots, 61 Round worm, giant intestinal, see Ascaris lumbricoides Salmonella typhi, Schistosoma haematobium, , life cycle of, 167 Schistosoma japonicum, , ,174 life cycle of, 167 Schistosoma mansoni, , 174 life cycle of, 167 Schistosome dermatitis, 168

10 210 Index Schistosomiasis, 16fr-174 acute, 169 causative organism, 166 chronic, diagnosis of, , 173 disease syndromes of, distribution of, 166 epidemiology of, 16fr-168 management of, special-risk disease, 7 Scolex, 183 Septicemia, gram-negative, in strongyloidiasis, 179 Septicemic plague, 42, 44 Serologic test, for trichinosis, Serpiginous wheals, of strongyloidiasis, 178 Serum alanine aminotransferase (AL T), 14 Sexual transmission, of amebiasis, 67 Shiga bacillus, 47, 50 Shigella boydii, 47 Shigella dysenteriae, 47, 50 Shigella flexneri, 47 Shigella sonnei, 47 Shigellosis, causative organism, 47 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 47 epidemiology of, management of, Shock, hypovolemic, 29 Sigmoidoscopy, 69 Simulium, 144 Skin disease, treatment of, 147 Skin lesions, of leprosy, Skin rash, maculopapular, 94 Skin snips, in diagnosis of onchocerciasis, Sleeping sickness syndrome, 99, 102 Sodium antimony gluconate, for leishmaniasis, 85 South Africa amebiasis in, 70 echinococcosis in, 123 Soviet Union, echinococcosis in, 123 Sporozoite, 87 Sputum smear, staining of, 57 Steatorrhea, 77 Stoll method, of diagnosing hookworm disease, 164 Stool cultures, examination of, 29-30, 50,63,79, , 173, 186 Streptomycin, for plague, 45 Strongyloides stercoralis, 143, 17fr-178, 180 life cycle of, 17fr-177 Strongyloidiasis, 17fr-181 causative organism, 176 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 176 epidemiology of, 177 management of, Subcutaneous lesions, produced by Dirofilaria tenuis, 151 Sulfadiazine for malaria, 91 for toxoplasmosis, 97 Sulfamethoxazole, for diarrhea, 3 Suramin, for African trypanosomiasis, 104 Surgery, for Echinococcosis, Swelling, Calabar, 149 Tachyzoite, Taenia saginata, life cycle of, Taenia solium, , 188 life cycle of, Taiwan, fluke infection in, 155 Tapeworm infection, causative organism, 182, 188 diagnosis of, 186, 188 disease syndromes of, distribution of, 182, 184 dwarf, 188 epidemiology of, 184 management of, 188 Tetracycline, for cholera, Thailand, typhoid fever in, 63 Thiabendazole for strongyloidiasis, 180 for trichinosis, 194 Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxocariasis, causative organism, 119

11 Index 211 diagnosis of, distribution of, 119 management of, 121 Toxoplasma gondii, life cycle of, Toxoplasmosis, clinical syndromes of, diagnosis of, distribution of, 93 epidemiology of, 94 in immunosuppressed host, 95 management of, 97 Treatment Acute viral hepatitis, 15 African trypanosomiases, Amebiasis, American trypanosomiasis, III Ascariasis, 119 Cholera, Echinococcosis, Enterobiasis, Filariases Bancroftian and Malayan, Dirofilariasis, 151 Loiasis, 150 Onchocerciasis, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, 143 Flukes: liver, intestinal, and lung, 158 Giardiasis, Hookworm, 165 Leishmaniasis, 85 Leprosy, Malaria, Plague, Schistosomiasis, Shigellosis, Strongyloidiasis, Tapeworms, 188 dwarf tapeworm, Toxocariasis, 121 Toxoplasmosis, 97 Trichinosis, 194 Trichuriasis, Tuberculosis, Typhoid fever, 63 Viral infections Dengue fever, 21 Viral hemorrhagic fevers, 22 Yellow fever, 20 Trematode, see Fluke Trichinella spiralis, 2, life cycle of, Trichinosis, causative organism, 190 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 190 epidemiology of, 191 management of, 194 Trichuriasis, causative organism, 196 diagnosis of, disease syndromes of, distribution of, 196 epidemiology of, 197 management of, Trichuris trichuria, life cycle of, Trimethoprim, for diarrhea, 3 Trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica, 67 of Giardia lambli, 75 Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, see Eosinophilia, tropical pulmonary Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, life cycle of, 100 Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, , 104 life cycle of, 100 Trypanosoma cruzi, , 111 life cycle of, Trypanosomiases, African, see African trypanosomiases Trypanosomiasis cruzi, see American trypanosomiasis Tsetse fly, 103 Tuberculin skin test, 54, 56 interpretation of, 56 Tuberculoid leprosy clinical syndromes of, diagnosis of, 37, 40 Tuberculosis, causative organism, 52 diagnosis of, 54, disease syndromes of, 54 distribution of, 52 epidemiology of, management of, Typhoid fever, 60-64

12 212 Index causative organism, 60 clinical syndromes of, diagnosis of, distribution of, 60 epidemiology of, management of, 63 prophylaxis for, 64 vaccination for, 6, 64 United States acute viral hepatitis in, 11 ascariasis in, 115 enterobiasis in, filariasis in, 136 fluke infection in, 155 giardiasis in, 75 hookworm infection in, 161 leishmaniasis in, 81 leprosy in, 33 malaria in, 86 plague in, 42~3 shigellosis in, 47 strongyloidiasis in, 176 toxoplasmosis in, 93 trichinosis in, 190 trichuriasis, 196 trypanosomiasis in, 107 Uremia, 29 Urticaria, in strongyloidiasis, 178 Uruguay, American trypanosomiasis in, 106 U.S.S.R., fluke infection in, 155 Vaccination against cholera, 6, 32 against exotic disease, 6 against typhoid fever, 64 against yellow fever, 20 Venezuela, American trypanosomiasis in, 106 Vibrio cholerae, 27-28, 30 Vietnam fluke infection in, 155 typhoid fever in, 63 Viral hemorrhagic fever, Viral hepatitis, acute, see Hepatitis, acute viral Viral infection, topical, Virus(es), see specific types Visceral larva migrans, see Toxocariasis Visceral leishmaniasis, 83-84, see also Leishmaniasis Vitamin B 12, 185 Wayson's stain, in diagnosis of plague, 44 West Bengal, cholera in, 28 West Indies, Whipworm, see Trichuriasis Worm migration, 149 Wuchereria bancrofti, , 140 life cycle of, 137 Xenodiagnosis, of trypanosomiasis, 109 X-ray, chest, for echinococcosis, 127 Yellow fever, causative organism, 18 clinical features of, 18 diagnosis of, distribution of, epidemiology of, 18 management of, 20 prophylaxis for, 20 vaccination for, 6 Yersinia pestis, Ziehl-Neelsen technique, Kinyoun's modification of, in diagnosis of tuberculosis, Zinc sulfate method, of diagnosing giardiasis, 79 Zoonosis, 191